IB HL Mathematics Review questions CIRCULAR FUNCTIONS AND TRIGONOMETRY answers2. @ b) fa) ) © (a2) (€2) Period « 2% ap CH 1 Using the formule for the area of a triangle gives (1) (al) 2 (M1) AD 2 (i) Substituting the answers from (a) and (b) into the identity — sin? @ gives (1) > > 2x-3 442 1 ee (AG) ] (8 ) oe | Gi) (a) x= 1.24, 2.94 (GING) > ® ona 252 | 2) @= 1.86 radians or @ = 0.171 (accept 0.172) radians (3 s.f.) (GIXGl) 6 Notes: Some calculators may not produce answers that are as accurate as required, especially if they use ‘zoom and trace’ to find the answers, Allow £0.02 difference in the value of x, with ‘appropriate fi for @. Award (M1)(GI(GO) for correct answers given in degrees (106° or 9.84°). Award (M1)(G1)(GO) if the answers are not given to 3 s.f. Award (M0}(G2) for correct answers without working. [10]Note: Award full marks for exact answers or answers given to three significant figures Method 1 Using the sine rule: 8E = 830° 6 2 sinc= 3 C= 45°, 135°, 3v2___BC BC Again, = or sin30° sinl05°™ sin!3° Thus, BC = 6/2 sin 105° or 62 sin 15° BC= 8.20 em or BC= 2.20.cm, Method 2: ? + BC? ~ 2(6)(BC)e0s30° 36+ BC? — 6y3 BC Using the cosine rule: AC? f ‘Therefore, BC? —(6V3 JBC + 38-0 ‘Therefore, (BC - 3y3 y= 27-18=9 Therefore, BC = 3¥3 +3, ie. BC = 8.20 cm or BC Method 3: A wd O cq pOG In AABD, AD and BD = 27 =3V3 em. 3.om, In AAC,D, C,D=3 Also, C:D =3. ‘Therefore BC ~ (343 +3) em, ie. BC = 8.20 cm or Bi my (ATWAI) (C3) iM) (ALMA) (C3) (AD ap (AN) (C3) Note: Ifonly one answer is given, award a maximum of OMIAL. G1(b) © @) © T Notes: Award (Al) for end poinis ‘Award (Al) for a maximum of 1.5 Award (Al) for a local maximum of -0.5 Award (Al) for a minineunt of 0.75 Award (Al) for the correct shape 1 CO) = cos x + 00s 2x (x) xte Che + 2x) = costs + 2x) + Loose + 4x) = CG) ‘Therefore, C(x) is periodie with period 2x. C(x) is a maximum for x = -2n, 0, 2x Note: Do not penalise candidates who also write x xq= 1.2 (using a graphic display calculator) Gi) Ola) = 080 CH) = 0 [CCE {CG is periodic, period 2x] (M2) (A2) nm (a2) aD as | a) | i [16]2sin x= tan x = 2sin x cos x — si 3 sin x(2c0s x~ 1) om) = sin x=0,c05x Ssinr=O.x=45 of 4105386) (AIKAD) (C3) OR xo Oen4F (r41.05G 5 £)) (GIYGING!) (C3) Note: Award (G2} for x = 0, + 60° [31 METHOD 1 nb 1 a ie a) (ALD (A C3)METHOD 2 9 C1 ‘ EB Abo-b In AOAM, AM = oAsint a 1 ‘Therefore, |a— METHOD 1 tan@+ 3. => tan’@—3 tand+1=0 3 tang = = an : = 0.382, 2.618 @ = 20.9%, 69.1% METHOD 2 sind, cos@_, 1 a =35—1_- sind” sind sincos@ 13 a z sin2@ 2 => sin 29 = 2 3 => 8 = 209°, 69.1° (MMA (al) C3) BI (MI) ay (AKAD) | (AIMAI) (C6) (MIXAL) {AD an (ANAL (C6) (6)8 METHOD1 sin _ 81020, in ¢ = 0.4560 oancany 8 6 | (From diagram) smallest triangle when © is obtuse, ie, © = 152.9° => CBA =7.13° (or 7.1°) Anal) ‘Area AABC = 1 cayonsin? 13°) (or sin7.1°) (Mp, Area AABC = 2,98(om?} (accept 2.97) (AD) (C8) METHOD 2 i | i Let AC=x } By the cosine rule 6? = 8? + x7 — (2)(8)(x)cas 20° (MIXAT) | => =x -15.035x + 28 035 ~ y(15.035) ~ 112 AL 7 (AD : = 2178 @n ! Area= i AB « ACsin(20°) = 5 (892.1 78psn20° my | = 2.98(cm?) Al) 6) | I) 9. METHOD 1 | 2003! 6=1= |= cos*@or |~2sin?@ = sin?) @niyan | => 3eos* 9 = 2(or 3sin® @ = 1) (M1) on o=2 fPorsna= i an 6 = 0.615, 2.53 (accept 0.1967, 0.8047) (ALMA KC3KC3) |METHOD 2 cos 20 = 3 (1-08 26) (Miyany cos 20= 5 (MAL, @ = 0,615. 2.53 (accept 0.196n, 0.8042) (AL AI(C3KC3) "Notes: Do not penalize ifthe candidate has included extra solutions. Penalize [] mark] if candidates give answers in degrees, ie award (AI) for 35.3°, 145°; (AO) for one correct answer in degrees. 10. (Mian C = 36.4 or 123.6" (AL(AL) B = 93.6 or 26.4° (ANAL C6) Note: Award (Cl) for one correct answer with no working 7 {é) | s1, Sin 49(1~c08 29) _ 2sin 26 008 26(— (cos! #— sin? 6)) eee 208 26(1- c0s48)~ cos 28(1 (cos* 26 — sin® 28) ' cos? @ + sin? = 2sin26(1 eos? @ + sin? 8) tae : 1=cos? 29 sin’ 26 _ 2sin20(2sin? 4) ay i sin 20 __dsin? @ | 2sin Geos : ay (AG) (5) 12 (a) sin AsinB, ; cos(4 ~ B) = cos AcosB + sin AsinB vial) Hence cos(4 +B) + cos(4 ~ B) = 2cos AcosB (AG) 2. (b) GTi) = cos(arecosx) Mi) i Ad (ii) Ty) = eos(2arecosx) (Al) cos (arccosx) — | (A2) 227-1 (ac) 513, 14 © @ «a osl(n + Larcoosx] + cos|(r— }arccosx} (A!) Toe) + Ty 1@) Using part (a) with A = nareeosx, B= arecosx «iy Tyoi2) # Ty il) = 2oosCmarceasx}cos(arecoss} (Al) = 2acos{arceosx) an = 2xF,(3) (AG) Let P,, be the statement: 7,(x) is @ polynomial of degree. n © Z2* T\() = x, 2 polynomial of degree one. (A) So P; is true. Ti{) = 22° - 1, is a polynomial of degree two, (Al) So Py is true, Assume that P is true ay From part (6)(i), Tasy(#) = 22740) ~ Thr (2) (M1) Assume Py. is true as well ony Ty(3x) has degree i => 207), (2) has degree (+1) Ay) and as Tpsy(3) has degree (k~ 1) => Ther(ax) has degree (k + 1) ) By the principle of mathematical induetion, P, is true for all positive integers ». (Rl) Notes: These arguments may be in a different order There is @ maximum of 6 marks in part (ii) for candidates who do nat consider a two stage process. Area sector OAB (M1XAl) ‘Area of AOAB= 1 oysyen 3 22 (arya) => Shaded area = area of sector OAB — area of AOAB (mip = 20.6 (om) (Al) Dean? @ = Sse0?- 10-0 Using | + tan? @= sec? @, => 2(see*0 - I) - Ssecd~ 1 my) 2sec*6 — Ssech - 12 = 0 AL Solving the equation eg (2sec8 + 3) (sec6 — 4) = 0 (™1) sec =—3 or secd=4 Al @ in second quadrant => sec6 is negative @) 3 Al = sec = 3 2 (coy 9] {el (6)18. fa) (b) «) Using the cosine rule (a? = 8? +e" | | | 8 2be cos) Substituting correctly Bc? 5? + 104? -2(65){104}c0860" i225 + 10816 ~ 6760 » 8281 =BC=9Im Finding the area using Substituting correctly. are: (i) besina 2 65)(104)sin 60° 2 1690 V3 (Accept p= 1690) }c65)¢@) sin30° Using Ay +42 = 4 Substituting see + 26v = 1690 V3 = 1690-¥3 Simplifying 168 Solving x —teteools => x= 40-3 (Accept ¢= 40) (Mii) Al AL ™i) AL Al3 (MDAL AG MI AL m™)) Al AL 8ca cm Led md ed kd kD | (using sin rule in AADB and ACD. my Substituting correctly —BD_ - _65__ . BD — sin30° At Y $in30° "Sin ADB 65 sin ADB and -DC_ ._104__, DC Al Since ADB +ADC = 180° RI It follows that sin ADB = sin ADC RI Al = BD AG 6 16. asin 2xcos2x+bsin2x=0 (MiY(Al) sin2x(2acos2x +b) =' (AL) cos2x= (aly My ad C6 17. (MIXAL) (ap (3) (6) Aree ABC=ACxBCxsinC & any wo sin€ = 2M SX 9.5) (any 20.4 cosxx10.2 (Al) (C3) [20] (6) (8) 10