Worl ee ele eee em eT y nh At MICHAEL ROST eve y ete el ere ery ey ey ey) et ey ye De er longman.comScope and Sequence aaa ei Parts of the body; oe ines ad ijuies ERR Aiiteofacrieverent oe CE eee nee Planning partes Word to describe physical appearance Word elated to the Word elated to eating at restaurant Global issues ‘Activites related towork Practical activites Possessions phrasal verbs related to Possessions ‘Adjectves describing feelings and behavior vi eNNoa ty Listening: An interview on how people around the word spend ‘ther weekends Listening: phone conversation between an employee who ‘an'tgo to work andl his boss ww Reading: Life of Achievement, a magazine artde about Oprah ney Reading: An article about a travel write’ dream vacation Ustening:A conversation about business etiquette in the Unite States Listening: A conversation between a party planner and adient Listening: A conversation between friends about two people's physical appearance Reading: An arte about tree people's opinions of memorable movies Listening A conversation between a water and two customers ‘rderng food onthe menu Reading: Brave New Word, Arthur Cake’ 1967 article on the web of his predictions about the year2000 Reaging: Nine to ive an artic describing one day in the Ife ofa pizza delivery person Reacing: An application from someone who wants to be on a really TV show Listening: conversation between a father and his young daughter abouta trunk of keepsakes Reading: Two Turkish fokales about Nasrexkin HodaeS ee Se ae ; ; > > J ’ * ° ? > . ’ , ; ’ ’ : . ’ ; von GRAMMAR FOCUS Review and expansion: simple present and adverbs of frequency Linking words: and, but so Simple past regular and regular verbs be going to for future Modal: should and should for advice Expression for making suggestions bbe and have with desciptions say and tell would lice ike, woul prefer lorefer wilfor predicting have toldont have to Prsent perfect fr indefrite past ever, never Review: possessive’, possessive adjectives Peossesive pronouns: belong to Adverbs of manner comparative adverbs arena urea Sentence tythmstess Intonation in sentences -ed simple pst ending ‘Sess innames of counties ‘Weak and strong forms: should shouldnt Intonation: focus words Weak forms: and) or Consonant csters ‘Weak and stong forms: would wouldnt Word sess Have to (hafta) and hast hasta) LUnking vowel to vowel (have you ever, hasshe ever) Sires and inking in prasl verbs Sivessed ylables and Fain adverts Baan Telking about how ten you do things Apologizing and making excuses Telking about past events Talking about plans Ging adice ‘Making suggestions Descibing people Talking about movies ‘Ordering fod and inks ina restaurant Making predictions Describing jobs Telking about practical operience Telling about special possessions Descibing actions Pad Descibe your weekend routines and activites Write email messages apologizing and giving excuses Descibe an important time or ‘event in your life ‘Wt eter toa fend about trp youplan to take ite an email giving advice to a rend ‘on whathe or she should or shouldnt do wile visting your country We ema messages ong suggestion nd adie about partes Describe te physical appearance of a ‘fend family member or famcus person Write 2 movie review ‘White a memo desing the food and dink tems foramen eating webpage cout ve predicions forthe yer 2100 Describe pic dyin youre ob ‘Write a letter explaining why you should be on aealtyTV show Describe a keepsake that belongs to you ora family member Write a short story or folktale viiits ces VOCABULARY ere Sports Ustening: ATV report about popular spots in Canada Food Listening: A racio show about some foods that are good ‘orbad for you Office practices Listening: An interview abou office practices in the United States ‘Worcs related to police Reading: police report ofthe victims’ statements about investigations ‘robbery Stoves and purchases Listening: game show contestants description of ber shopping tip ‘Words elated tothe theater eating: Antics about tno successful pays, The Phantom ofthe Opera and The Mousetrap “ime expressions Reading: Life ate 70, a newspaper atid about tree ‘women over 70:who are stil doing work they love Bb cite Word related to Listening: A conversation about job sharing at tasks in an ofice ‘modeling agency : Things you cistomarly do Reading: Shoes an article about interesting old customs Changing customs Meets , Adventure spots Listening: An interview about diferent sports two Take a risk Heit (Units 21-24) rage rng UE GROOT: Real fighters Sports Reading: The Greatest, an article about Muhammad Ali Travel Listening A conversation about preparations for trip On the go Verbs and their opposites eating: How do you behave? a quiz to eveluate your behavior in valous stuatons Job descriptions eating: Went ads forfour diferent jobs + A A GP GY 4h 4h 4h 4d Gd 4d 4d 4m a> GP 4D GD 4D 4d GD 4D GD 4D GD 4D aD GD 4D GD 4m a> 4 4m om wm WBsaa GRAMMAR FOCUS PRONUNCIATION —SPEAKING 5 Vets fr esses Stress to compare “aking about sors you re -+nouner + ing a const ideas Ie ding re ‘Quan + count onl sounds Taig about what ‘on-courtnouns (00 and! cookies) youest + > Modal have ead to Weak and song foms: Taking about obligations 4 forpresentandpastnecesty to 3 ‘Simple past nd past Weak ors was and Descbng aces 2 continous were inthepast 4 because fr and Stress in compound Giving reasons 5 infrites of purpose words 5 ala, the 2a, the in connected “aking about the speech theater = = 3 Present perfect: Voiced and viceless sarge 3 how ontorsince ‘iand6/ youhave dne someting 3 Modal for requests Wak farsa binding akin and responding 3 andotfers «an, could, should, would ‘to requests and offers 2 ed tite to sed tous to seta) “ling about past 3 isos ee ee ‘ergctout 3 past experiences 3 > ‘cul and be goodat Wak and song forms: “aking about cities 4 foc astabity oul and couldn't inthe past 5 Present perfect ye, Contacte foms of ave Sajng what you've done already and as sofer > . Present facta contnal Von sounds “aking about > (F+smple present + ‘(give andl ey) consequences = simple present) 5 Ie + vet + ing: ‘hescund fv wer eam) ——_“Taking aboutob and . woud ke + ininiive «are preferences = > > > 5 3 , > a Explain wy you tke ose a sport plain which foods are good and bad teat, and why Write to an American fend about business practices n your county Descibe a memorable event in your fe Write an atc about your favorite stores restaurants and explain why you lke to go there Summarize the tory ofthe musical West Sie Story Wtean article that gives interesting facts abouta person ‘Write an email asking your job partner to do some tasks and offering todo others Compare yourlife when you were a child with your Ife now Descibe your experience with adventure sports to complete an application Desctibe a sport or otber activity that you could doin the past Describe what you have already dane and ‘hat yu haven't done yet to reach a goal Describe your behiavirin a situation and explain why you behave that way ‘White a nant ad for jo you would tke thavey Weekend activities Grammar Simple present and adverbs of frequency g_ Talking about how often you do things [go forawalk Gatethebeach go out for dinner 1. Hove Sundays. ___go to the beach _on Sunday mornings. In the afternoon, I : in the park. Then I sometimes _ with friends. gotothegym stayhome sleeplate watch TV ieee ed 2. Saturday is my favorite day of the week. I _ Saturday mornings. [like to exercise, so T__ the afternoon. In the evenings, I__ family and we together. gettakeout gotothemovies. work late 3, It's Friday—almost the weekend! I on. Friday nights because I want to finish my work before the weekend. I don't like to cook, sol on my way home. Thera [tessa ta Past with friends. Talk about the weekend activities in Exercise 2 that you like to do. like to sleep late, go to the movies, and go out for dinner.Listening e fen to the radio program about how people around the world spend their weekend. Find the photo that each speaker describes. WAve=on) Speaker 1 (Yuka)_____ Speaker 2 (Marcelo) _ rt © OG isten again and underline the correct information. 1, Yuka never gets takeout / cooks on Fridays. 2. She often meets friends / stays home. 3, She usually goes to the movies / watches TV with her friends. 4. Marcelo always goes to the gym / to the beach on Sundays. 5, He sometimes goes out for lunch / dinner. Pronunciation em: © O isten to the rhythm in the sentences Notice that the important words are pronounced longer, clearer, and stronger than the other words. I never work on Saturday. | usually go to the gym. What do you do on Sunday? We go for a walk on the beach. She always gets takeout on Fridays She goes to the movies with her friends.| Grammar focus emus @ write the adverbs of frequency in the correct place on the scale. [always never often 100% 1 cometimes 0% @ study the examples with adverbs of frequency. lloften work late on Friday. He always goes to the beach on the weekend, The beach is usually crowded, © Look at the examples again. Circle the correct words ‘to complete the rules in the chart. ‘Simple present and adverbs of frequency The adverb of frequency comes before / after the verb be. The adverb of frequency comes before / after all other verbs (Giammarieterne age 1] © complete the sentences with a verb and the adverb of frequency in parentheses. 1. A: Her husband often works late on Fridays, doesn't he? (often) B: No, never. He to the movies with friends. (always) 2. A: What do you do on Saturday mornings? BI to the gym. (usually) aA ly go out on Saturday night? B: home. (usually) 4. A: do you takeout for dinner? (often) BI takeout on Saturdays. (sometimes) 5. ALT home on Sunday nights. Do you? (never) B: avideo at home. (sometimes) © PAIRS. Practice the conversations in Exercise 4. DOWEDA HEU PPP PPP PPP PPP 417Speaking mmm @© BEFORE YOU SPEAK. write five sentences about your weekend. Use each of the adverbs of frequency from Exercise 1. I never go to the gym on Sundays. @ GRovPS OF 3. create a survey together. Each person, add one weekend activity to the survey form. . How often do youn. ‘Activity always | usually go out for dinner? e © GROUPS OF 3, Take turns. Tell each other about your weekend activities. Use an adverb of frequency and give additional information. Check (v) the box in the survey for each answer. Tusually go out for dinner on the weekend. I usually have Italian food. © Groves OF 3. compare your weekends. Who has the most relaxing weekend? Who has the busiest weekend? Writing exes @ imagine that your weekends are always perfect—you do only activities that you love. Write about your perfect weekends. What do you do? What don’t you do? Use adverbs of frequency. CONVERSATION To GO How often do you work late?Excuses, excuses Vocabulary Parts of the body; ilinesses and injuries Grammar Linking words: and, but, so Speaking Apologizing and making excuses Getting started eau G @ Look at the pictures. Label the parts of the body with the words in the box. arm back ear cee. foot hand head leg mouth nose stomach _—_throat © @ (1 iisten and check your answers. Then listen and repeat. © ite the letter of the person in the picture next to the com 4 1, “Thave a headach¢ 2. “Ihave a sore throat. 3. “Mybackis sore.” 4. “Lhave a stomachache.” 5. “havea fever.” 6 7. 8. . “hurt my arm.” 4 “Thave a bad cold.” — 12. . “have a cough.” Lgl 1 S © PAIRS. Test your partner on the names of illnesses and injuries. Student A, point to a part of your body and act out the problem (for example, touch your throat). Student B, say the problem (for example: Oh, you have a sore throat!). y+ Ob OO 0 OO OO 0000 15 . . . . a Vwvy wwvwuvuevevwv YY © _O what does Tony say to apologize? How does Roger respond? Listen again. Match Tony's apologies with Roger's responses. Apology 1. __I'mreally sorry, but... 2, ___I'mafraid I cant... 3. __I'msorry, but... sympathetic response. A: I'm sorry, but Ican't come to work today. Ihave a fever B: That's OK. Hope you get better soon. Aon I'm afraid... Lim sorry but.» PAIRS. Take turns. Student A, use the ideas below and the complaints from Exercise 3 to apologize and make an excuse. Student B, give a | | zi rey ss et 1 Listening exam © 1 iisten to Tony tell his boss, Roger, why he can't come to work. Put his excuses in the correct order. He has a cough and asore throat. _—_— He hurt his back. _1_Hehasa fever. He has stomachache. Sympathetic response 4. That's OK. Hope you get better soon, b. That's too bad. ¢. That's OK. Dont worry. I can't play soccer taday)- Z can’t give my report taday. T can’t gp owt or dinner wrth yor. I can't come to work “today. F can't help you Witt that box. Z can't sign may name on the check. vee Lean’t do my homework. |Grammar focus @ study the examples with the linking words and, but, and so. Ihave @ bad cough, and my throat is very sore. | can't come in today, but I'll probably be there tomorrow. Ihave a fever, so I can't come to work today. @ Look at the examples again. Complete the rules in the chart with and, but, or so. (Grammar Reference page 143 ©) combine the sentences with the linking words in parentheses. 1. She hurt her arm. She can't use the computer. (so) She hurt her arm, 60 she can't use the computer. 2. Thave a cough. I don't have a sore throat. (but) 3, My father hurt his back. My brother hurt his leg. (and) 4, Ihave a stomachache. I’m going to stay home. (so) 5, She doesn't have a fever. She feels sick. (but) 6, He has a headache. I gave him some aspirin. (50) Pronunciation Gummi © A iisten. Notice the way the voice goes up on the most important word in each part of the sentence, and then down. i, i'm sorry, but! ey \have= Sought and iy throats TES I'm reaily sorry, but I'm not feeling very well. havea towel s0 'ean't come tS weorS © AO usten again and repeat.Speaking Gums © PAIRS. Take turns apologizing and making excuses using the expressions below. Student A, look at page 136. Student B, look at page 138. Apologize ‘Show sympathy I'm (really) sorry, but... ‘That's OK. T'm afraid Don't worry. ‘That's too bad! A: I'm afraid Ican't come to work. I have a terrible headache. B: That's too bad! Writing eum You don’t feel well today. Reply to each email message. Give an apology and an excuse. Hil What a great day! It's so nice outside. Let's go for a walk! How about 2:00? ‘Good morning! Do you have plans for lunch? Why don't we eat together? There's a new Mexican restaurant | want to try. Write back. Kevin Ee a a a an ee OeA life of achievement Vocabulary Life events Grammar Simple past: regular and irregular verbs Speaking Talking about past events 3 4 Getting started eum @ Number the tife events in the order they usually occur. have children _ find a job___ graduate from school _ get married growup_____ go to school _ workhard be born 1 @ PAIRS. compare your answers. O p rah Winfrey ‘was not always rich and famous. a - S S s . ss . Reading emmzzmmmam=s = Ss = © Look at the pictures of Oprah Winfrey. What do eople in more than 132 x you know about her? Put a check (v) next to the - sentences about her that you think are true. countries watch Oprak.On She was born in the U.S. this TV talk thow,ecdinary gx She's an only child. be Shes married. people talk about their problems and She lives in an apartment in Chicago. Oprah Winthey ely them’ e She has a plane. S She doesn't have children. wes ina wonderful apartment She gives a lot of money to charity. ‘Opeah yeaa 4 - She has her own magazine. in Chicago and has a farm and ahouse . inthe mountains, She has great cars = © Read the article about Oprah Winfrey. . Then check your answers in Exercise 3. and a plane too. But Oprah Winfrey a le surprise you? fog or s & S Pap ATiWhat kind of life did Oprah have as a child? Oprah Winfrey was bor in 1954 in Mississippi, in the U.S. Her family didn’t have a lot of money. Oprah could read and write when she was three, ‘and she loved books. She worked hard and was an excellent student at school, bat she left college in 1973 when she was nineteen and didn’t finish her education, How did she start her successful career? ‘Oprah wanted to be famous, and her dream ‘came true when she found a job in TY. She was the first woman and the first black newscaster Oprah in The Color Purple on TY in Nashville, Tennessee. In 1977, she had swinar dis he'ag inet her first TV talkshow. In 1984, she moved to 1m 1985, Oprah acted in Steven Spielbers’s Chicago and started The Oprah Winfrey Show movie The Color Purple. After that, she Twas a great success ‘made several other popular films. She dida’t have any children, but she used her success to help other people’s children, In 1997, she started a charity called Oprah’s Angel Network. In te first five years, the charity collected more than $12 million and gave it to people in need. Oprah's Angel Network helps students to go to college, poor families to build their own homes, and communities to become safer. Oprah began her awn ‘magazine for women in the spring of 2000. It’s simply called 0. The magazine contains ‘many personal stories and moving articles ‘that reflect her imterest in helping people worldwide. Her television program is still very popular, but now it’s just called Oprah. a ee Read the article again. Then write the correct years on the timeline. .. , : Eee > ue "@ ‘study the examples of regular and irregular verbs in the simple past. Regular verbs Irregular verbs Examples: love, work, finish, Examples: be, can, leave, end, want, move, act. start find, do, give, have | (2) How did she start her successful career? What kind of life did she have as a child? (2) Did she start acting right away? Did she have any brothers and sisters? (4) She started The Oprah Winfrey Show in 1984. She had her first talk show in 1977, © She didn’t start the Ange| Network in 1984. Her family didn’t have a lot of money. © @ Look at the examples again, Is the rule in the chart true (T) or false (F)? (CGérammar Reference page 143 Complete the story with the correct simple past form of the verbs in parentheses. ‘The entrepreneur Anita Roddick __was__ born in +e England in 1942. She the first Body Tere Shop in 1976 in Brighton. She Terror) experience running a cosmetic shop, but she a lot of good ideas. She he) Toad to “make profits with principles.” For example, she cre her cosmetics to be tested on animals. She a fair salary to Tea all her employees. By 1993, Anita Roddick one of the five richest women in the seo world. But her principles still__important to her. In 2000, she Fens the world of business and__a full-time campaigner ered becom on social issues. < € e ¢ 4% 4% 4% 1™ i as ‘ 2 Z 4 ‘a eS Serve wVeVweeewewVTeeUSe@SeTSeeeesG Pronunciation comme © Listen to the sentences. Notice the pronunciation of the simple past tense verbs. Check (v’) the verbs in which -ed is pronounced as an extra syllable. lived wanted / loved studied decided worked acted finished started watched used collected © AO iisten to the verbs in Exercise 4. Then listen and repeat. © complete the rule. ‘The -ed ending is pronounced as an extra syllable after the sounds __ and _. @ BEFORE YOU SPEAK. Make a timeline of the important dates in your life. Include dates but no other information. -@-@-@-@-0@-@-@-- © PAIRS. Look at your partner's timeline. Take turns. Ask questions to guess the missing information. A: Did you get a new job in 2003? B: No, met my fiancé in 2003. © ettthe class something interesting about your partner. Sabrina met her fiancé in 2003. Writing eum Oprah Winfrey encourages people to share their life stories on her TV show. What story can you share? Write a paragraph about an important time or event in your life. Use regular and irregular verbs in the simple past. CONVERSATION TO GOTravel with English Vocabulary Countries and continents; travel Grammar be going to for future Speaking Talking about plans Getting started Gum Write the countries under the continents. Then add two more countries under Africa, Europe, Asia, and North America. Anstralia Canada India Ireland South Africa ‘Australia Africa Europe Asia North America Australia Pronunciation isten to the names of some countries and continents. Notice the number of syllables and the stress. Write each name in the correct stress group. England © _O iisten and check your answers. Listen again and repeat. PAIRS. Test your partner. Say the name of a country. Your partner says the continent it's A: Australia. B: Australia. Reading cum © match the words to the photos on page 15. Write the name of the country. coast Australia countryside ___ market, safari mountains 14Javvbbbdb))dd9}}914444404454046444044644040444440 @ Read the article. Then complete the chart. cay When +0 visit Whar: +0 see and do Canada November Australia ieee Tadia Snuth Africa Treland THE TRAVEL ¥ VRITER'S. D real ion Thave five months to travel before I write! 'm going to explore countries where I can practice speaking English. Where am I going to start? India Rajasthan is the perfect introduction to India with its festivals and monuments, There arealso exciting markets to visit, with Deautiful clothes and jewelry, ‘Fm going to spend the month of January there. They say the \weather is really nice then. Canada It's the Rockies for me in November! There are ‘mountains and beautiful lakes everywhere, so the views are great. Pd like to visit Nunavut, the home of the Inuit in the north of Canada, but unfortunately T'm not going to get there there isn't enough time. South Africa South Africa offers luxury Safaris and the chance to see wild animals. It also has a wonderful coastline, so, after the safari 'm going to find abeach and go swimming there. like the sun, so I'm going to go in February. Ireland In March I'm going to take part in the St. Patrick's Day festivitios in Ireland, | know Ireland can be cold in the spring, but I'm going to buy a beautiful Irish sweater there. Dublin isa great city and the countryside is beautiful, so I think March is going to be alot of fun. Australia Australia is very hot from November to March. I love hot weather, so I'm going to arrive in Sydney in December 'm going to sightsee in Sydney-there are so many interesting buildings in the city. Then I'm going torent a car and drive up the coast 15Grammar focus examen Study the examples of be going to for the future. (4) I'm going to spend 2 month in india | © She isn’t going to visit the Inuit communities in Canada. (@) Are you going to arrive in December? (Yes, lam. / No, I'm not.) PP PP Ppidae > Look at the examples again. Complete the rule in the chart. Sasa Use a form of the verb _ the verb to talk about future plans. (CGrammar Reference page 143] Complete the sentences with the correct form of be going to and the verbs in parentheses. 1, She _isn’t going to travel__ (not travel) to Australia in July when the weather is cold. ie < « 2. She (see) beautiful monuments in India. a 3. We (walk) by the lake in Canada. x 4, They, (not stay) in luxury hotels in India. c 5. (we / swim) in the ocean in South Africa? a 6.1 (visit) Alice Springs and other famous = places in Australia. & 7. He (take part) in the St. Patrick's Day o festivities in Ireland. 8. a (you / climb) any mountains in Canada? GS 9. When (he / leave) Rio de Janeiro? & € = ‘ gq ‘Answer these questions about the travel writer in the article on page 15. 1, What is the woman going to do for five months? 2, Is she going to visit Nunavut in Canada? Why? 3. When is she going to arrive in Sydney? Why? 4, What is she going to do in Rajasthan? 5. Where is she going to go in February? Why? 6. What is she going to buy in Ireland?ee ee ee a Speaking eammmmmesme Writing exsmmmxcammn © write a letter to a friend. Tell him or her about a trip you are planning. Where BEFORE YOU SPEAK. You're going to plan a group vacation to three countries where you can use your English. Look again at the article on page 15 and answer these questions. Write notes in the chart. 1. Which three countries do you want to visit? 2. When do you want to go? Why? 3. What are you going to see and do? Australia May—it's coolthen | Sightsee in Sydney . GROUPS OF 4. Take turns telling each other about your choices. Give reasons. Iwant to goto... in... because... Discuss your choices. Make a decision together. Where will you go? When will you go? What are you going to see and do there? Tell the class your group's decisions. Can you agree on a class vacation? are you going to go? What are you going to do there? Use be going to. CONVERSATION To GO v7“ae 1 It's the weekend! @ | Listen to the model conversation £ . C ‘ ‘ © Wark around the room. Find someone who . always goes to the gym on weekends, usually goes out to eat on weekends. sometimes goes to the movies on weekends never sleeps late on weekends, ©} PAIRS. Compare your answers. Did you find the same people? Unit 2 Excuses, excuses © A Listen to the model conversation TWO PAIRS. Play the Health Game. Take turns. Toss a coin (one side = move ahead one space, the other side = move ahead two spaces). ‘When you land on a space, look at the picture, Role-play a conversation between a boss and an employee. Student A, you're the employee. You can't go to work. Give an excuse using the situation in the picture. Student B, you're the boss. Respond to the excuse. The first team to reach FINISH wins. 18. Unit 3 A life of achievement © OH Listen to the model conversation, @ Write three true statements about your past. Then write three statements that are not true but sound possible. © GROUPS OF 3. ‘take tums. Say one statement aloud. others in the group guess “True” or “False.” After everyone ‘guesses, tell the truth! Players receive one point for each correct guess. The person with the most points is the winner. Point The Unit 4 Travel with English © A iistento the model conversation, @ Grovrs oF 3. dariois going on atrip. Take turns, Ask questions to fill in his schedule. (Don't look at your partners’ schedules.) Student A, look at page 136. Student B, look at page 138. Student C, look at page 142, @ GRours OF 3. compare your schedules. Does everyone have the same information? 1920 Vocabulary eax Listening eum Co ae ee ag Complete the sentences with the correct word or words, | deep faithful flows —fotlowid =~ goes on let lost owned puppy ——robin 1. Tom's little sister alw: him around when they were kids. 2. Ines promised to help Ralph move, but she went dancing instead. She really him down Yasuhiro is really upset because he his keys. 4, They're excited about their new car. It’ the first cone they've ever ‘The river into the sea a few miles iia teenie: wher Stee from here ee Bd ate Ike's band 6. This isn’t the last stop. The train to tan to become an Washington ‘The children can’t wait to get home from school so they can play with their 8. You know it's spring when you see a A _ friend is someone who is always there to help you. 10. Don't let the children play near the pool over there. The water is very ©) Listen to the song Correct the statements. iver Deep, Mountain High.” 1. The singer is singing about a love in the past. 2. The singer thinks that her love is getting weaker. 3, The singer will be as friendly as a puppy.————LL << CL LCUlUUlUl © _G iisten to the song again. Complete the lyrics with the words a sal hea. Ls eden } e x FEHR mE ETRY River Deep, Mountain High When I was alittle girl [had a rag doll; When you were a young boy did you have a puppy The only doll I've ever owned. that always followed you around? ‘Now I love you just the way I loved that rag doll; Well, I'm gonna be as faithful as that puppy. But only now my love has grown, No, I'll never let you down. And it gets, every way, "Cause it goes on and on like a river flows. And it gets___let me say, Andit gets baby, and heaven knows, And it gets day by day. Andit gets baby, as it grows. Ichorusl [Repeat chorus} Do Hove you? My, oh, my! {ove you baby likea flower loves the spring River deep, mountain high And Ilove you, baby, like a robin loves tossing | IF lost you, wodaldccaiy Aullibogesausbdiy like aachsaibe Eeeete bie Ob, how Fleve you, baby, baby, baby. baby. And TTove you, baby. river deep, mountain high, . [Repeat chorus] : Sapesraecce reponse egnensgeg ge bay a 2CETCET ETRE TESTS © PAIRS. compare your answers. Speaking comme PAIRS. In the song "River Deep, Mountain High,” what are some words that the singer uses to talk about her love? © Groups OF 3. Discuss the questions. Do you like this song? ‘How does the song make you feel?[= = ) Culture shock Vocabulary Social etiquette mmar Modals: should and shouldn't for advice 3 Giving advice @ Match the words and phrases in the box with the pictures. Some pictures have more than ‘one description. “1. giveagift_D_ ._use first names 2 3. take your shoes off _ 4, shake hands __ 5. kiss | 6 7. 8. 7. bow - wear a suit . arrive on time _ | Talk about the pictures. Which of these things do you do in your country? Ie Onan aAa nnn anak 22a SS SS See Se eS ee See oe Listening Gumus isten to a businesswoman give advice to her colleagues on living and ‘working in the U.S. Number the topics in the order she talks about them. 1 arriving for meetings ___ shaking hands ___ exchanging business cards __ visiting someone's home using a person’ first or last name __ deciding what clothing to wear © A. iisten again and complete the statements about busi the US. 1. For business appointments, always arrive _on time 2. The first thing people do at meetings i 3. People usually exchange at some point during a meeting. 4, Ifit’s not clear what you should call a person, use his or her ‘3 5. Take flowersora_____when you visit someone’s home. 6. Don't when you enter someone's home. 7. Wear to formal business meetings.Grammar focus Game @ study the examples of should and shouldn't for advice. You should arrive on time. You shouldn't take your shoes off. Should we bow? Yes, you should, / No, you shouldn't. @ 100k at the examples again. Complete the rules in the chart. Grammar Reference page 144 © complete the sentences in the quiz with should or shouldn’t. Culture Quiz [Bl Should you talk about business at a meal in China? a. Yes, you should . b. No, you shouldn't. [Bi Should you wear a suit and tie to meet a new client in Saudi Arabia? a. Yes, you should, b.No, yous [il In the US, it is important to arrive on time. When you are invited to a friend's house, you i] YoU alve a Brazivon purple lowes? arive more than 15 minutes late a. Yes, you It’s lucky. a. true false No, you should. Its unlucky. [BI You touch a person on the head [i] When someone gives you a gift in Japan, because it isnot polite. This statement is true in you open it... which country? a. immediately? b later? a.Thalland —b.Peru Bl in Mexico, you shake hands with both J} You have a meeting in Room 4 because men and women? itis unlucky. This statement is tre in which country? a.Yes,you should, —_b. No, you a.Mexico China o you use your right hand or your left Blin pan, you use your boss's first hhand to accept a gift in Muslim countries? name because it is not polite. a. right blest a.true b false PPP PPP PEP PPP PP PEEP PPEPPLPPPEPHYHLPPPLPPPHPLPORE © ake the quiz. Then check your answers.ET ee ee a a rr er | © Ar Listen again and repeat. @ AO iisten and undertine the word you hear. @ BEFORE YoU SPEAK. some friends © GRovPs OF 4, compare the advice Writing Gummmemens © G iisten. Notice the weak and strong pronunciations of should and the strong pronunciation of shouldn't. You should arrive on time. You shouldn't take your shoes off. Should I take a gift? Yes, you should. Shouldn't | wear a suit? No, you shouldn't. 1, You should / shouldn't arrive early. 2. You should / shouldn't ask questions. 3. Should / Shouldn't I use first names? 4. You should / shouldn't take flowers. 5, Should / Shouldn't I shake hands with everyone? Greeting/Saying hello ft oth ntry P You should... rom another country are going to ee country. What should they do while visiting? qoute What shouldn't they do? Write your ideas Giving gifts about the topics. z Eating you're going to give your friends. What advice is the same? What advice is different? ‘Write an email to a friend who is going to visit your country. Give advice about what he or she should and shouldn't do during the trip. CONVERSATION To Go A:Should | bow when | meet someone? lo, you shouldin’t. You should shake hands. | 25Party time! Planning parties Expressions for making suggestions Making suggestions Look at the photos. In which photo can you see 1, abirthday party? __ 2, acostume party? __ 3. agoing-away party? __ eo Discuss the questions. Do you like parties? What is your favorite kind of party? Have you ever been to a going- away party or a costume party? How do you usually celebrate your birthday? > mi mimi lai i 26 @BOSS SS SUC Vee ee eS eee eee Listening exmmxas< 0 Oe Party Planers, Etc. ‘Complete the pairs of sentences with words from the box. afford buy pect. pay.—srent spend 1. Abirthday cake can __cost about $25. ‘The gifts for Sue and Ron's going-away party cost allot. 2. I'm going to a new dress for the party. Twantto gift for you. 3. Can you that suit? It’s very expensive. Icant. a fancy restaurant. I don't have much money. 4. John is going to for dinner on your birthday, Hell by credit card, 5. Lusually allot of money on birthday cards. We're going to $300 on the party. 6. Iwant to acar for the weekend. He's going to a ballroom at a hotel for the party. PAIRS. Take turns saying three sentences about yourself or people you know. Use the verbs from Exercise 3. ©) Listen to a professional party planner talking with a client from an advertising company. They are discussing ‘the company’s yearly office party. Check (7) the things they talk about. date of the party place gifts number of quests music food parking Oo000080 © Listen again.and underline the correct information. 1. The party is going to be at a hotel / the office. 2. They're going to have a band / a DJ. 3. They're going to serve dessert / dinner.Grammar focus emmamamsmse @ ‘study the examples. Notice the ways to make suggestions. on B jow about looking at how much we spent last year? Why don’t we rent the room at the Sheraton again? Let's (not) have it at the office. "Maybe you could get 2D) this time te es ie @ Look at the examples again. complete the rules in the chart. How ; A: ()___Let’s have a party next weekend! -PPPPPPPPPRP REP PP PPE PPE PPOPPPPPPPLPERE B: Good idea. @ getting a band? A: [don't know. That's expensive.) ‘we get a DJ instead? B: But my brother is in a band. (4) we. ask them to play for free? A: OK. Now, what about the food? «s) __ cooking something? B: Cooking? That's too much work! (6) just have sandwiches and chips. A: @)___we__have cheese and crackers, too. B: That sounds fine, but @) spend too much money on food. A: Right. (9) you buy the food? (10), you a get everything at SuperSavers. It's cheaper there. mh 1h 1ma ay & a . ° 7 ° ° ° ° ° ov ares & ai cael a wowwvvuvuveeveaeeveaesee Pronun On emma @ A usten. Notice the way the focus word (the most important word) in each sentence stands out from the other words. A: Latshave pany next weekend B: Good ides: Why don’t we get a band? waa as. : We can't afford, How about getting & D1? 8: OR What about food Maybe we could order pleat B: I don’ like pizza. Why don't we just jiaeemdas © OC iisten again and repeat. Speaking eum © GRovPS OF 4. Your group is going to work together to plan a party. First, choose the purpose of the party. * Surprise birthday party for (name) + End-of-the-year party * Other: Now think about your budget. You have $500. Look at the costs on page 140. Make suggestions. Decide together how you will spend the money. A: Let's have the party at a hotel. B: Why dontt we have it at the office? We can save $150. @ Tell the class about your group's party plans. Writing eames You are a party planner for a company called Parties Unlimited. People write to you for advice on giving parties. Read the email messages on page 136 and write replies to each one. Use maybe you could, why don’t you, and how about. CONVERSATION TO GO 29 $$ $$30 First impressions Vocabulary Words to describe physical appearance Grammar be and have with descriptions Speaking Describing people Getting started cum @© write the descriptions in the box next to the correct words in the word webs. average height average w bald beard curly elderly heavy middle-aged mustache short sideburns slim straight tall ~yourg. young © PAIRS. Look at the photos. Take turns using the words from Exercise 1 to describe someone in the pictures. Your partner guesses which person you are des A: Tall and slim. B: Picture A. A: Yes! MHP PPP PPPPPPPPPPPP PPP PPP PPP PPP NPP PPP PPP YE we© _O iisten to the conversation between two women. They're talking abou ‘two friends, Maurice and Julia. Check (7) the pictures of Maurice and Juli Julia a0 0 a © A iisten again and circle the letter of the Correct answer. 1. Maurice and Amy know each other because they. a. work in the same office b. are in the same English class ¢. met at a party 2, Maurice wants Cristina’s phone number because he wants to__- a. study English with her b. askher ona date c. have coffee with her 3. Amy __ give Cristina’s phone number to Maurice. a, is going to b. isn't going to c. can't 31P Grammar focus smn @ ‘Stuay the examples of be and have for descriptions. He's in his 20s, probably about 28. She has long, straight hair. She's average height. He has hazel eyes. He doesn’t have a mustache or beard He's quite sil © Look at the examples again. Circle the correct verb to complete the rules in the chart. (Grammar Reference page 144 © complete the descriptions with the correct forms of be or have. You can use contractions. My friend Judy and (1) __are __ both 21 years old, but she and I look completely different. 1a) short, and she @)___ tall. 1(@ alitile heavy, and she (5) average weight. 1(6)_____ long, curly blond hair, and she ()__long, straight black hair. e 2 2 ¢ 7 ¢ é e ¢ € ¢ c ¢ € ¢ 4 ¢ ¢ ‘ ‘ ‘ ¢ é ¢ My friends Tony and Tom are identical twins. They look ‘ exactly alike. They (@)__ about 30. They € ° black hair and brown eyes. They ‘ (1)______tall, and they1y_ slim. ‘The only way I can tell them apart is this: Tony (12) mustache, and Tom : @3)__(no¥) one. : ‘ ¢ 32© A isten. notice the weak pronunciations of and and or. She's tall ang slim. I'm not tall or slim. He's average height and has black hair. He isn’t short or heavy. He has curly brown hair and hazel eyes. He doesn't have a beard or mustache. She has long black hair ang brown eyes. She doesn't have blond hair or blue eyes. © A iisten again and repeat. You're going to the airport to meet your partner's visitors. Take turns describing the people and finding them in the picture. Student A, look at page 137. Student B, look at the picture on the left. Find each person that your partner describes. Did you find the right person? Check with your partner. A: My colleague, Sandra Vazquez, is going to arrive on Saturday. Can you meet her at the airport? B: Sure. What does she look like? A: She Now switch roles. Student B, look at page 139. © write a paragraph deserbing someone's physical appearance. Write about a family p member, a friend, or a famous person. Use be and have. CONVERSATION TO GO ‘A: What does she look like? B: She's tail and slim. She and 33At the movies Words related to the movies say and tell aking Talking about movies @ atch the quotes with the photos. 1, __“The best romantic movie in the history of film. A classic black-and-white movie.” 2. __“Another fast and exciting action movie.” a Best science fiction film ever @ _inwhich photo(s) can you see . 1, anactor? an actress? 3. special effects? 4, costumes? eo Discuss the questions. What kinds of movies do you like? Who is your favorite actor or actress? What movies are playing now in movie theaters? Which ones do you want to see? Why? 34 4, __“Itmakes everyone laugh. A comedy for the entire family,” < b mh he hf & ih 1 (eh heReading commen © Read the article about memorable moments in film history. Then circle the letter of the correct answer. 1. Which movie does Toms like? @Star Wars b. Casablanca 2. Why does he like it? a. the actors b. the special effects 3. Which movie does Reiko like? a. Star Wars b. Dr. No 4, Why does she like it? a. the scenery b. the actor 5. Which movie does Mariana like? 7 a. Dr. No b. Casablanca 3 6. Why does she like it? Be a. the story b. the director 3 3 5 ion, what are the most memorable movies in the history of film?” : ‘That's the question we asked our readers. ‘ . “Think the firse Star Wars movie is the best science fiction film. I didn't like the new a ‘ones very much, but the original Star Wars is a fantastic movie. The special effects are amazing, and the story is interesting. I cant remember the names of the actors, but I : love the scene where Luke fights Darth Vader.” Tomas, Mexico > “Llove James Bond movies, and my favorite is Dr: No. It was the first 007 movie, and 5 although the beginning is slow, the ending is excellent. Scan Connery was the best actor i who played James Bond, and he always will be.” Reiko, Japan ° “One of my favorite movies is Casablanca—I love old, romantic films. I think the story . and the music are really good. Black-and-white films are my favorites.” Mariana, Brazil . 6 Read the article again and check (¥/) the adjective(s) used to describe things about : each movie. > Star Wars Dr. No Casablanca ; amazing : excellent ; fantastic v | ; [ 00d cat 5 interesting . romantic slow 3 3536 Grammar focus « @ ‘Study the examples with say and tell, Underline the object. Tomés said (that) he really liked Star Wars. He told us (that) he loved the special effects. Mariana told me (that) she loved Casablanca She said (that) black-and-white films were her favorites, Look at the examples again. Circle the correct word to complete the rules in the chart. say and tell There is no object after say / tell There is always an object after say / tell Use the present / past after said and told, NOTE (ou can leave out the word that after say and tell (CGizmimar Retoronca page 104 Circle said or told in each sentence. She@aid)/ told she liked comedies. . He said / told me he went to the movies every weekend. . I said / told that I didn't go to the movies very often. . Tara said / told Elizabeth that she loved science fiction films. . Elizabeth said / told that she hated action movies. . said / told Carlos that I was taking a filmmaking course. . Carlos said / told me he didn't want to take the course. . Pete said / told he was late for the movies. . Rachel said / told that he had to hurry. He said / told me his favorite actress was Halle Berry. eernegsena Complete the sentences. Use the correct form of say or tell and the correct form of the verb in parentheses. 1. Tomés__told __John that the special effects in Star Wars were (be) amazing. 2. Reiko that she. (love) James Bond films. 3. She. me that Sean Connery (be) a good actor. 4. She that Dr. No (be) her favorite Bond movie. 5. Mariana ___ her favorite film (be) Casablanca. 6. She usthatshe___(like) old films 7. She me that she (ove) the music in Casablanca. 0000 4h on » oo on on SAO KH OHH » aPronunciation Gums © A tisten. Notice the groups of consonant sounds in the words. a classic black-and-white film the best science fiction movie an intéresting story a slow start exciting special effects an excellent actress He said that he likéd Star Wars, She told us she loved old films. © OA iisten again and repeat. Speaking Gamma @ BEFORE YOU SPEAK. Make notes about | Name file : your favorite movie. ae © PAIRS. Take turns asking each other questions and telling about your favorite movie. Use your notes. A: My favorite movie is a classic— ELL It's science fiction movie. loved the story. B: Who are the actors? Tell the class what you learned about your partner's favorite movie. Elena's favorite movie is E.T. She said that she loved the story. Writing emma Write a short review of a good movie you recently saw. Include information about the actors, director, story, special effects, music, scenery, and costumes. CONVERSATION TO GO he fiked Bond movies because of the special effects. 7 PAPIISIISL IMA RAND S DDD Dd URE Nd sd ad a fUnit 5 Culture shock @© _O Lookatthe list of situations. Then listen to the model conversation. + meet a friend's parents for the first time * pick someone up at the airport + go to class on the first day + go to dinner with your boss + start a new job * go to ajob interview * go to a friend’s home for dinner * go to a surprise birthday party © Choose. situation from the list in Exercise 1, but dont say it aloud. Think about the things you should and shouldn't do in that situation. © Groves OF 4. Play the guessing game. Take turns. Say what you should and shouldn't do in the situation ‘you chose. Your partner will guess the situation. Unit 6 Party time! © GROvPS OF 3. You planned a party together. Now the party is over. Look at the picture. This is the scene before the people arrived. Describe the scene. © A imagine that its now last week and you are just starting to plan the party. Listen to the model conversation. © Bole-play: Pretend that you'r planning the party. You want the party to look like the picture. Take turns. Make suggestions for planning the party.4ssssssad \wigisWwl Unit 7 First impressions CVG ees © PAIRS. student A, go to page 137. Student B, go to page 139. Look at the pictures. Take turns describing the person in each one. How many people are the same? Unit 8 At the movies © A Listen to the model conversation. @ interview five people. Find out what kind of movies they like, Take notes in the chart. Name Favonte kind Favonte movie of movie Why? @ Report back to the class about your classmates! favorite movies. 39What would you like? abulary Words related to eating at a restaurant would like/like, would prefer/prefer g Ordering food and drinks in a restaurant Look at the words in the box. Find them in the photos. ‘customer fork glass knife menu napkin pepper salt spoon waiterecm The Shrimp Boat id db dd oe ie ald? Hf APPETIZERS | Shrimp Cocktail | Soup of the Day Garden Salad ENTREES Shrimp Savoy Shrimp Plaza Shrimp Ritz =| i served with rice or pasta ‘and mired vegetables Desserts Cheesecake Raspberry Sorbet Coffee Tea | Cappuccino Espresso — S = 5 = = = Chocolate Ice Cream = s 5 + + + + NO NIN INIA A AY ay v © 00k at the menu. Complete the sentences with ‘the words in the box. 1. The soup is an_appetizer 2. The Shrimp Savoy is an 3. The pasta isa 4, The ice cream is a 5, After your meal, you can have coffee or © PAIRS. viscuss the questions. How often do you go to restaurants? What is your favorite restaurant? Why do you like it? Listening Gummm=mene- © © Look at the menu. Listen to two people ‘ordering a meal at The Shrimp Boat. On the menu, put an M next to the food the man orders and a W next to the food the woman orders. © 7 iisten again. match the name of the dish With the description. 1. Shrimp Savoy____a. shrimp in black olive sauce with tomatoes and herbs 2, Shrimp Plaza____b. shrimp in tomato sauce with herbs and olives 3. Shrimp Ritz___¢, shrimp in herb sauce with tomatoes and olives aGrammar focus eum @ 00k at the examples. Write a or b in each blank. Key: a= what you like in general b= what you want now or in the future | 1. Do you prefer chocolate ice cream or vanilla ice cream? Iprefer chocolate. _a r 2. Do you like seafood? Yes, Ido. [like all kinds of seafood. 3. Would you prefer rice or pasta? Yd prefer the rice. 4, What would you like? Yd like the Shrimp Savoy. __ @ 100k at the examples again. Circle a or b to complete the rules in the chart. Use to talk about things you like in general. a. (like o | prefer b. Id like or I'd prefer Use. ‘to ask for something you want. alike oriprefer ——_b. Id like or I'd prefer NOTE: I'd prefer = | would prefer: lke =| would lke (Grammar Reference page 145 © circte the correct answers. 1. A: Would you like a table near the window? B: Yes, | like to sit near the window. 2. A: Do you prefer black or green olives B: I'd prefer black. / I prefer black. 3, A: Would you like to see the menu? B: Yes, we would, thanks. / We like the menu. 4, A: Would you prefer soup or salad? B: I prefer soup. / I'd prefer soup. ¢ ¢ ¢ ¢ ‘ ‘ ‘ s ‘ s ‘ s ‘ ‘ Ee ea ee aPronunciation Gummmmmsm= @ A Listen to the weak and strong pronunciations of would. Notice the /a/ sound in /’d like and I'd prefer and the linking in would you. What would you like? I'd like the shrimp. Would you like salad? Yes, thanks. | would. Would you prefer rice or pasta? f I'd prefer pasta. © A iisten again and repeat. Speaking qummmmmzmmes © PAIRS. use the cues to compete the conversation between a waiter and a customer. Walter: Order? Would you like to order? Walter: Dessert? Customer: The shrimp. Customer: Yes. Waiter; An appetizer? Waiter: Cake or ice cream? Customer: No. Customer: Cake. Waiter: Drink? Waiter: Anything else? Customer: iced rea. Customer: Check, please. @ GRoues OF 3. student A, you area waiter/waitress at Rosie's Restaurant. Students B and C, you are customers. Student A, look at this Page. Students B and C, look at page 142. Student Guest A, take the customers’ order, Write it on the guest check. a al ‘SECTION | CHECK MOMIBER 044052 Writing exmmmmemmesce:: © Vou're a famous chef. You're going to open a new ‘American restaurant in your city. What would you like to have on the menu? Write a memo to the Person who will design the menu. include information about appetizers, entrées, side dishes, desserts, and drinks. _ A:Would you like the check? ee a3 , a ee ee eee Oe OP SP AP Or OP, Os a Oc Os Or er a eeBig issues Vocabulary Global issues Grammar will for predicting Speaking Making predictions Getting started emu @ Match the words on the left with the examples on the right. 1. economy _b_ a. United States: 288 million people 2. transportation __ b. money, bank 3. space__ c. rainy, hot 4. politics d. car, airplane, bus 5. population __ e. the moon, Mars, a space station 6. communication ___ f. phone, fax, email 7. climate ___ g. government, president, the White House Pronunciation Gummmmm © Listen. Notice the stressed (strong) syllable in each word. ‘Mark the stress. ° dlimate prediction transportation politics population communication economy government © © Listen again and repeat. Check your answers. @ PAIRS. Look at the photos. Tell which photo matches each topic in Exercise 1. T think Photo A matches politics. te tepee eee VUYOUUTSMOSPM#s#soOssesesassasseeeeeeeeeeeoeeeeeaee Reading emmmzmanc Arthur C. Clarke is a scientist. He has also written many science fiction novels, including 2001: A Space Odyssey. Read his predi World In 1967, the sclentist Arthur C. ‘det smaller. By the end of the 21st century, only a Lee wil hve sotetite TV Engh wit gunn aga OF Ree cantarysonly ‘become the main world language n 1 sen stelite TV programs. area se th cog 2. We will have newspapers on computers, People won't use 7. We will automatic cars with no drivers. Cars won't. mre ol searcwnienvesesme Sherr Ba UR rcs erty crue, NB ol tc Ee eae ol People will have fiends from all over the world and not 9, We will go on vacation in space. There willbe hotels on feeb coe See oni ie reltie te What will happen in the future? Click these links to make a prediction: © PAIRS. which of Arthur C. Clarke's predictions have come true? Put a check (/) next to the predictions that are true for most people tod: @® complete the predictions from the reading with the words in the box. cars space progranis, messages offices cities food the news population 1, We will have satellite TV_programs. 2, We will read on the computer. 3. People around the world will send to each other by computer. 4. No one will live in . 5. The of the world will get smaller, 6. No one will work in . 7. won't need drivers or gasoline. 8, The ‘we eat will be healthier. 9. There will be hotels in 45 neGrammar focus emm @ stusy the examples of will for pre‘ 9. ‘We will go on vacation in space I think we'll go on vacation in space, People won't live in cities, | don’t think people will live in cities. { ‘What will happen in the future? What do you think will happen? @ 100k at the examples again. Circle the correct words to complete the rules in the chart. will for predicting oe | After will or won't, use the base form of the verb / verb + -ing. Use J think + subject + won't / | don't think + subject + will to predict wivat will not happen: (CGGranmarheference page © Use the words to make sentences about the year 2100. . The population of the world / not increase. The population of the world won't increase. 2. Where / people / go on vacation? not think / people / go on vacation in space. 4, Everyone / have / a computer? 5, I think / everyone / speak one language. 6. The world’s weather / not get warmer. 7. You think / technology J cost less? 8. I think / transportation / be cheaper. 9. The world economy / be stronger. 10. There be / flying cars. 11. 1 / not think | we find life on another planet. 46saad Lr U7 oi Speaking « @ Groups OF 3. You are visiting a website called Y2K100. It asks you to send your predictions for the year 2100. Discuss your predictions for the topics below. se In 2100, people will work ten hours a week, { polities transportation, ; Glothing work economy (Gommunication) climate | 08 C vacations UU000 © change groups and discuss your predictions. Are there any predictions that everyone agrees on? © book again at the web page on page 45. Use Arthur C. Clarke's predictions as a model. Write your own web page with predictions about five big issues for the year 2050. Use will A;In 2050, math wi in school. B:I hope not! still be an important subjectray. SO} Les: Hard work Vocabulary Activities related to work Grammar have to/don’t have to Speaking Describing jobs arn jit iii tii sa silane Getting started cnmmmes ¢ ¢ ¢ @ complete the job descriptions with the words in the boxes. type letters and contracts afrange-meetings _ make decisions Administrative Assistant “Lwork for a lawyer. My boss tells me what he needs, and I call clients to (1)__arrange meetings __. Talso use a computer to @____ Sometimes I don't like my job because Tcantt @) - Mostly I do what my boss tells me todo.” ai tile a foe meet with clients travel communicate _ give presentations Sales Manager “Isell computer software for a large company. Ihave clients all over the country, andI(y___to different cities all the time. like to@)___ because T enjoy talking to people in person, When I'm traveling, I use a laptop to @) about my company’s products. | use my cell phone and email to CO) with my clients and boss when I'm on the road.” i a aa i ia as work asateam make much money wait on customers work long hours Salesperson “I work in a large department store. (1) and help them find what they are looking for. I @) with other salespeople in my department. We all @) 3 for example, I work from 11:00 Ax. to 9:00 2M, Tuesday through Sunday. We don't @, . but we get employee discounts on the things we buy.” @ GROvPS OF 3. Talk about activities you do in your job now or want to do in a future job. f ‘ 48Reading ex Look at the photo of the pizza delivery person. Which two activiti Exercise 1 do you think he does in his job? © read the article “Nine to Five.” Then check your guesses in Exercise 3. Name: Marcus Willis Job: Pizza delivery person Wages: $5.50/hour ie Nine to Five © you think my job is easy? You pick up the pizza, drive around town, go back to the shop, and then do it all again, It isn't that easy, First, I don't earn much per hour, $0 I have to work Tong hours—sometimes I start at 3:00 pat. and finish at 2:00 a.at T also have to drive a lot. I drive about 80 miles every day, and I have to use my own car ‘because the company doesn’t give me one, That's a real problem. Another problem is the tips, Customers don’t have to give me tips, but without the extra ‘money, I don’t cam much. Finally, I’m always busy. ‘When I finish driving, I have to wait on customers in the shop and, of course, I have to be polite, even The next time a delivery person brings you a pizza, ‘when I'm tired! Then my boss answers the phone, and remember: Does he have to work hard? Yes, he does! Thave to leave again and deliver another pizza. So be nice to him, and give him a big tp! © How does Marcus feel about his job? Read the article again and write T (true) or F (false) after each statement. Marcus feels that 1, delivering pizza is a difficult job. 2. his job pays well. 3. the pizza company should give him a car 4. getting tips is important. he isn't always busy at work. 49Grammar focus amas @ study the examples with have to. have to work long hours He has to pick up the pizza. Does he have to work hard? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't. Customers don't have to give him tips. © @ Look at the examples again. complete the rules in the chart with is or isn't. Use have to/has to + the base form of the verb when something necessary. | Use don’t have to/doesn’t have to + the base form of the verb when | something _ necessary. Crammar Reference page 145] © rite conversations. Use the words given and the correct form of have to. What / do / in your job? What do you have to do in your job? : We / meet clients. We have to meet clients. What / your boss / do? He / give presentations. You / travel? Yes / do. You / work as a team? No / not. She / use a computer? Yes / she / answer email from customers. Se eR E eRe ee Pronunciation emus © Osten. Notice the pronunciation of have to (“hafta”) and has to (“hasta”) haveto have to work Ihave to work long hours. Does he have to work hard? has to has to drive He has to drive a lot. He has to pick up the pizza. © C tisen again and repeat. © PAIRS. Practice the conversations in Exercise 3. 50 Vere) JDAD 4) io—————————-———————— SS Tee Te Tee TT TN NE ae a a ae a Speaking cum @ BEFORE YOU SPEAK. Look at the list of jobs. Add one more job to the Complete the chart with ities people have to do and don’t have to do in these jobs. Then rank the jobs in your order of preference (1 = the best and 6 = the worst). GROUPS OF 3. Which jobs do you think are best and worst? Discuss your opinions and give reasons. A: [think doctors have the worst job. They have to help very sick people. They have to work long hours. B: dont think they have the worst job. They don't have to... Compare your group's answers with the rest of the class. Which job did most people think was the best? The worst? Writing emma Imagine that you are working in your ideal job. Write an article like the one on page 49 describing a typical day at work. Describe the activities that you have to do and don’t have to do every day. CONVERSATION TO GO Do you have to male decisions in your job? +Yes,1do. Umm .. no, I don’t. Well, yes... 51 lleIsland life Vocabulary Practical activities Grammar Present perfect for indefinite past: ever, never Speaking Talking about practical experience Getting started examen @ PAIRS. Look at the photo of Mulkinney Island. Would you like to live there? Why? Read the advertisement for a new television show, Adventure Island. Complete the sentences with the verbs in the box. build catch grow have make spend takecareof_ = trawel. «work A new reality TV show Do you like to (1) travel __ionew We need people who can places and (a) _<=s88°" time outdoors? (a) houses, (3) ‘Are you ready to (3) an | clothes, and (6) _food. are We also need people who know how Mulkinney Island is in the north | oQ he Atlantic. No one lives there. There ‘on a farm, and ( are no houses, no stores, and no a hospitals. We are looking for sixteen a ee el ates a ' adventurous people from around the Explain why we should pick you to ‘world to live on the island for a year. ies CB AAEM AES AAT animals, — ee © PAIRS. compare your answers in Exercise 2. 52ll ee PRPMPHPPPHMMPADG yaa i WwivivyvuUUuNUuUubae © what other abitities will be useful on the island? Check Yes or No and write why. use a computer start a business? cook for a large group? write newspaper articles? ‘teach a class? © PAIRS. compare your answers. I don't think Adventure Island needs people who can use a computer. There are no computers on the island! Reading exam: ‘Andrew Ho wants to be on Adventure Island. Read ‘Then check (v/) Yes or No to each question about hi is application form. experience. Name: Andrew Ho Age: 25 1. Have you ever spent time outdoors? —-YeS(_] No[_] I've gone camping many times, and | like hiking and mountain climbing. ve aloo gone fishing in the ocean, and I've caught a ot of fish! | love the outdoors. 2. Have youever worked onafarm? YES] NOL) haven't worked on a farm, but my family has had several pete, and | think 'm good at taking care of animals. I've had a vegetable garden, and I've grown carrots, tomatoes, and lettuce in my backy = a ne in’ ° ar : 3. Have you ever lived overseas? Yes[_| Nol] ‘ Ive never lived overseas, but I've traveled abroad and around the United States, Ilike to travel and meet new people. I'm an adventurous person. 4, Have you ever cooked for large groups? YES[_] NO[ | I'm a cook in a hospital. | think this experience will be useful because | cook for large groupe all the time. mpeg cme te oi aca” caged aget @ Discuss. is andrew Ho a good choice for Adventure Island? Why? What can he do? 53Popp prp Is Andrew growing vegetables now? Do we know exactly when he grew vegetables? definite past. © study the examples of the present perfect for th "ve grown vegetables in my backyard, My family has had a lot of pets. Have you ever spent time outdoors? Yes, | have. / No, |haven't. haven't worked on a farm, | I've never lived overseas, | © Look at the examples again. Circle the correct words to complete the rules in the chart. Use the present perfect when the exact time of an action is / is net important. Use have or has + the present / past participle to form the present perfect. Use never / ever + present perfect to ask a question. Use not or never / ever + present perfect to make a negative statement. NOTE: The past participle of regular verbs is the base form of the verb + -ed. See page 150 for a list of irregular past participles. (Grammar Reference page 146) © complete the conversations with the correct present perfect form of the verbs in parentheses. 1. A: Have they ever_used (use) a computer? B: Yes,they_have _. 2. A: ___youever_(butlld) a fire? B: Yes,I ll (go) camping several times. 3. A: ____sheever__(take eare of) farm animals? B: No, she , but she (have) a few pets. 4A: they ever__ (live) overseas? B: They____(not live) overseas, but they____ (travel) abroad. 5A: you ever, (go) fishing? B: Yes, 1____ 0) hiking, too. 6A: ____heever__(cook) for large groups? B: Yes, he . He's a cook in a hospital. LAPP POPP PPP PPR RRP RRP RR RYE 54VPIVVYUVYUUUDEDDDDDDIDDVDDVDUVVSIMV Se sisiaiaa Pronunciation Gomme © © iisten. Notice how a vowel sound at the end of a word links to a vowel sound at the beginning of the next word. Have you'ever Have you ever lived overseas? Has he’ever Has he ever grown vegetables? Have you’ever Have you ever spent time outdoors? Have they’ever Have they ever used a computer? © 1 isten and repeat. Speaking eumammmms @ BEFORE YOU SPEAK. Look at the chart and check (7) the activities that you have done. Then add two more activities to the chart. © GRovPS OF 3. interview each other. Ask follow-up questions: to get more information. Record the answers in the chart. A: Have you ever grown vegetables? B: Yes, Thave. A: Really? What kind of vegetables? B; I've grown tomatoes. @ the TV show Adventure island has invited you to apply for their next adventure. Are you ready to go? Write a letter explaining why you should go. Describe the things you have done that will help you on the island. Use the present perfect. CONVERSATION To GO B:Yes, Ihave. grow vegetables ‘take care of animals| ‘90 camping make clothes catch a fish travel overseas A: Have you ever made your own clothes?Unit 9 What would you like? @ _ A Listen to the model conversation. PAIRS. Make the menu for your own American restaurant. Think of a name for the restaurant. Then think of two interesting appetizers, two entrées, two side dishes, and two desserts, Write the names of the dishes in the menu, (Be sure you can describe each dish.) © PAIRS. Find anew partner. Student A, you're the waiter; Student B, you're the customer. The waiter gives the menu to the customer and explains the dishes on it. The customer orders. Then switch roles. @ Diiscuss. which restaurant has the hest or the most interesting menu? Unit 10 Big issues © GH Listen to the model conversation. © Make three predictions about the future. Predict something that will happen in 20 years, in 50 years, and in 100 years. Write your predictions on the timeline. @ Watk around ine room. Tell one of your predictions toa classmate, and askif he or she agrees with it. If your classmate agrees, you get one point, Continue telling = classmates your predictions. The person with the most points at the end of the game is the winner. © share your results with the class. Which predictions did the most people agree ‘with? Which did they disagree with? ; 56+ > Unit 11 Hard work + + — & | Listen to the model conversation. 2 4 = @ GROvPS OF 3. student, think of ajob. Students B and C, ask Yes/No questions about the job. When you have enough information, guess what job it is. Keep track of ° the number of questions you ask. Take turns until everyone thinks of a job and 2 everyone asks and answers questions. The person whose job requires the most. questions wins. ; ° ., q 4 Unit 12 Island life . . Listen to the model conversation, , @0 . @ check (7) at least six activities that you have done. (You can use your imagination.) . ? * . + . . + . ‘ | > ‘Take turns asking Yes/No questions to find out what experience your classmates have. > ‘When you find someone who answers yes, write the student’s name in the appropriate ; box. The person with the most names filled in at the end of the game is the winner. ; 57Match each verb with the correct word or phrase, ask_¢_ . brush . feel__ give eo . help puton___ . Say__ ). turn off ___ .. walk around _ a. “yes” b, herapresent ©. hima question d. me-sit down e £ & h. i je the lights toa party - with me wonderful your hair The 70s Ue san The “British invasion” of rack 'n’ roll was in full swing in the 70s. Erie Clapton, Suitar virtuoso, became—and remains one of rock music's most admired stars, OA tren te song. Put the pictures in order,a a a uth meabaalbelsicaittin © GROvPS OF 3. Discuss the questions. iii OR saat at Wonderful Tonight It’s late in the evening. * ‘She's wondering what clothes to wear. She___her makeup and her long blonde hair. ‘And then she me, “Do I look all right?” and |_____, “Yes, you look wonderful tonight.” We____toa party and everyone tose this beautiful lady, who's around with me. ‘And then she me, “Do you feel all right?” and I say, “Yes, wonderful tonight.” 1 feel wonderful because I see the love light in your eyes, and the wonder of it all, is that you just don't realize how much I love you. It's time to home now ‘and I've got an aching head. Sol her the car keys and she___me to bed. ‘And then |__her, as1___the light, I say, “My darling, you were wonderful tonight” “Oh, My darling, you were wonderful tonight.” What is the song about? Tell the story. What do you like about the song (for example, the singer's voice)? 7 Is there something you dontt like?Unit 2, Exercise 6 Student A Make these phone calls to Student B. Apologize and make an excuse. I'm afraid can't come to work. 1 have a terrible headache. 1, You have a headache, and you can't go to work. Call your boss. 2, You want to watch a baseball game tonight, but your friend wants you to go to a movie with him/her. Call your friend, Student B, and make an excuse for not going to the movies. 3. Your boss wants you to go out for dinner with a client, but you have a dentist appointment at 6:00. Call your boss, Student B. ‘Answer these phone calls from Student B. Listen to his/her problems. Show sympathy. That's 100 bad. 4, You're an English teacher. Student B is your student. 5. You're a manager in an office. Student B is an employee in your department. 6. You're going to move into your new apartment tomorrow. Student B is your friend. Unit 6, Exercise 8 Information for pair and group work Review 1, Exercise 10 Student A going on a trip. Take turns asking questions to fill in his schedul Where is he going 10 go on Saturday? What's he going to do on Sunday? EREEEIET 8 ae victes Where /| fly into the city dive do coast drive to the mountains , ye Read the email messages and write replies to each one. || A friend told me that my parti People sit and talk, but that's not very exciting. What can I do to make my parties more fun? iiriatesinieaiiy {ove having parties, but they're a lot of work! ] cook and clean all day long. When the party starts, '¥m so tired, 'm ready to go to sleep! Help! PMRPPPPPPP PPP PPP PP PP PHO PP HN HP NP PPP PP PP PPP ppp: . ° ? ° > _ ° ° ° : ’ : ’ ’ . > > , , . Unit 7, Exercise 6 Student A Student A, begin. Look at these pictures of your colleagues from another office. Give each person a name. Then describe each one to your partner. Your partner will show you the Person in the picture on page 33. Is your partner correct? A: My colleague, Sandra Vazquez is going to arrive on Saturday. Can you meet her at the airport? B: Sure. What does she look like? A: She. Now, switch roles. Look at page 33. . You hurt your back on the weekend. You think Bob {another salesperson) can help. Offer to ask Bob. You're going to the sandwich shop for lunch. Your boss asks you to do something. Offer to do the task after lunch. PpPpPPPPePP PPP PPP PP PPP PNP PP NP HP PP PP PPP POD gHReview 7, Exercise 2 Unit 22, Exercise 7 ' Student B Student B Look at the chart. Ask questions to find out how well each athlete could do sports ten years ago. (Don't look at your partner's chart.) . Requests Offers Can you.. Would you like me to. ..? Could you...? Should!...? vie. Use the phrases to make your requests and offers. A: Can you do the filing, please? B: Yes, of course. Il do it this afternoon. var * Situation 1 - You're an administrative assistant at a television Hostin a ++ station, Student A is your boss. Use this information when your boss makes a request: rs a, The fax machine is broken. Offer to send an email instead. Z b. The Lemon Tree Restaurant is closed. Offer to try some other restaurants. iN ee & c. You're busy typing a report. Your boss a a K ra A asks you to do something. Offer to do the task after you finish the report. * Situation 2 You're the manager of a department store. Student A isa salesperson in the shoe department. Ask Student +: Ato: a. put the shoes back in the storeroom. & - b. help you move a large box. c. put Sale signs on certain shoe racks, Simon could....really well | be really good at .. + could ... well bee good at . + could... prety well | be pretty good at - couldn't... very well | be not very good at couldn't...atall_ | be no good at. ..TRUE Ca eller li ice Unit 9, Exercise 7 Review 4, Exercise 13 Students B and C Student B You are customers at Rosie’s Restaurant. Look at ‘Student B, look at the food in the picture. Tell the menu. Decide what you would like and give Student A what food you have at home and suggest your order to your waiter/waitress. what he or she needs to buy. Waiter: Would you like to order? Customer: Yes. like the chicken in herb sauce. Siftch [roles Student 8) you re at the superman Call Student A to ask what you should buy. Write a shopping list. Appetizers ‘Tomato soup (Chicken soup Soup ofthe day Entrées. hae vs ee 5 |) Review 1, Exercise 10 Shrimp with vegetables : Student C Side dishes French tries Dario is going on a trip. Take turns asking questions Garden salad _ to fill in his schedule, “Mixed vesetables Where is he going to go on Sunday? What is he going to do on Saturday? LPP PPP PPMP PO POM O POOP PP POPPY DPD DD». 2p oooDIAIVUVUUEOHDODDADDDDIIIDIIDIIDIDIISALIAIL Grammar reference Unit 1 Simple present and adverbs of frequency + Use how often to ask about frequency. How often do you go to the movies? How often does Mary visit you? + Use adverbs of frequency (never, sometimes, usually, often, always) with the present tense to say how often. something happens. Do they always go out on Saturday? She usually goes to a café. Peter doesn't often watch TV. We sometimes get takeout. Tnever work late. Notes: * Adverbs of frequency go after the verb be, but before all other verbs, It's always noisy. John often runs after work, * The adverb sometimes can also go at the beginning of a sentence. Sometimes we get takeout. Unit 2 Linking words: and, but, so + Use the words and, but, and so to connect ideas. + Use and to connect similar ideas. Thave a headache, and my stomach hurts. (have two problems.) + Use but to connect different ideas. Thave a headache, but my stomach feels okay. (1 only have one problem: a headache.) + Use so to show a result. I took some aspirin, so I feel better. (I feel better because I took aspirin.) Unit 3 ple past: regular and irregular verbs * Use the simple past to talk about completed actions in the past, often with a specific time reference (in 1990, yesterday, last year, etc.). * Add -d or -ed to regular verbs to form the simple past in affirmative statements. A television station hired her. ‘She wanted to be famous. *+ Some verbs are irregular in the simple past. (See the list on page 150.) She got a job in television, People began to notice her. Negative | Subject + didn’t + base form of the verb She didn’t finish college. Her parents didn’t have a ot of money. ‘Question | Did + subject + base form of the verb Did people like her television program? Did she make movies? Short Yes + subject + did answers | Yes, she did. No + subject + didn’t No, she didn’t. Unit 4 Be going to for future + Use be going to to talk about future plans. Affirmative] Subject + be going to + base form of the verb 1'm going to see the Rocky Mountains. Its going to be crowded there. Negative | Subject + be + not + going to + base form of the verb You're not going to travel with me. I'm not going to take a lot of stuff. Question | Be + subject + going to + base form oF the verb Is the weather going to be sunny? Are the markets going to be open? Short answers Yes + subject + be Yes, itis ‘No + subject + be + not No, it isn't, Notes: ‘The form of be must agree with the subject. 1am going to travel. You aren't going to snorkel She's going to speak English We're going to go on a safari They're going to sightsee. + You can use the present continuous going to instead of going to go to talk about traveling, We're going to go to India, We're going to india. 143CET Eases a Unit 5 Modals: should and shouldn't for advice + Use should to give and ask for advice. Affirmative | Subject + should + base form of the verb You should shake hands. She should take a gift Negative | Subject + shouldn’t + base form of the verb We shouldn't take our shoes off. They shouldn't arrive late. Question | Should + subject + base form of the verb Should we shake hands? Should she use first names? Short Yes + subject + should answers | Yes, you should. No + subject + shouldn't No, she shouldn't. Unit 6 Expressions for making suggestions Use why don't, let's (not), maybe... could, and how about to make suggestions. + Why don't + subject + base form of the verb Why don't we have a party? Why don't you come? * Let's (not) + base form of the verb Let's take something. Let's not make salad. + Maybe + subject + could Maybe you could take drinks. Maybe he could get ice. + How about + verb + -ing How about playing some games? How about listening to some music? Unit 7 Be and have with physical descriptions * Use be to talk about people's ages. I'm 34. How old are you? * Use be to talk about people's height. You are short, and he is average height. Use be to talk about people's weight. She ts slim, but her sisters are heavy. * Use have to talk about people's eyes. Ben and Jeff have green eyes, but Ann has blue eyes. * Use have to talk about people's hair. ‘She has long hair, but he has short hair. + Use have to talk about people's facial hatr. Keith has a mustache, but he doesn't have a beard. Exception: Use be with bald, Ken has thick hair, but his father is bald. Unit 8 Say and tell + Say and fell are irregular verbs in the simple past. say> said tell told + Always use an object pronoun (me, you, him, her, it, us, them) or a noun with told. [told you that I saw the movie. You told me that you didn't like it He told John about making movies. + Never use an object pronoun or noun with said. She said that she loved Dr. No. We said that Halle Berry was a great actress. + Use the present after say or fell and the past after said ot told. She says that Casablanca is a good movie, She said that she liked black-and-white films. He tells me that Star Wars is his favorite movie. He told me that he loved the special effects Note: You don’t have to use the word that with say or tell She said she liked black-and-white films. He told me he loved the special effects. PPPP PP PPP KR PP PPP PPD DDD) Dogon» » PP PPP P PP ppUnit 9 Would like/like, would prefer/prefer + Use like and prefer o talk about the things you usually like. Tlike shrimp. He likes going out to dinner. We prefer red wine to white. She prefers small restaurants to large ones. * Use would like and would prefer to talk about the things that you want at this moment or in the future. Would you like a drink? Td likea glass of water, please. Would you prefer the chicken or the shrimp? Weld prefer the chicken tonight, thanks. Notes: '* Use the contraction ‘d for would in affirmative sentences. I'd like the fish. We'd prefer red wine. * Use prefer to shaw a choice between two things. Prefer is usually used in negative sentences. | prefer juice to soda, Unit 10 Will for predicting + Use will and will not (won't) to make predictions about the future. * Also use J think and I don't think with will/won't to make predictions about the future. think we'll use the Internet more. think people won't write letters anymore. I don't think there will be hotels in space. ‘Do you think we'll ly private jets instead of driving cars? Note: When using f think with willvwon't, be careful to form negatives and short answers correctly (Think is in the present.) | don’t think I'l go. XI think won't go. Do you think we'll survive? Yes, Ido. Yes, | will Unit 11 Have to/don’t have to + Use have to to say that something is necessary. Thave to get up early to go to work. (Its necessary.) Idon't have to get up early on Sundays. (It’s not necessary.) Do you have to use a computer at work? Affirmative] Subject + haverhas to + base form ofthe verb have to work a lot. She has to travel for her jo. ‘No + subject + won't No, it won't. Negative | Subject + don’tidoesn'’t have to + base Affirmative] Subject + will () + base form of the verb form of the verb People will travel more, Doctors don’t have to sell things. We'll take vacations to the moon. The salesperson doesn’t have to type Negative | Subject + will not (won't) + base form of | | Question | Da/Does + subject have to + base form of the verb the verb People won't use cars as much, Do you have to work on weekends? We won't pollute the environment. Does your boss have to review your work? Question | Will + subject + base form of the verb Short Yes + subject + do/does Will types of transportation change? answers | Yes, she does. Will the population of the world increase? Wo + subject + don'tdoesnt Short Yes + subject + will No, she doesn't answers | Yes, it will. Note: Use do/does (not have/has) in shart answers Do you have to work late? Yes, | do. X Yes, | have. No, i don’t. No, Ihaven't. 145CT a Unit 12 Present perfect for indefinite past: ever, never + Use the present perfect to talk about events that happened at an unspecified time in the past. Affirmative| Subject + have/has + past participle have traveled a lot. He has spent time outdoors. z Subject + haven't/hasn’t + past participle We haven't worked on a farm. She hasn't grown food. Negative Havefhas + subject + past participle Have you lived overseas? Has it rained a lot? Question Short Yes + subject + haveshas answers | Yes, |have. Yes, it has. (No + subject + haven’tihasn’t No, | haven’t. No, it hasn't. + Use ever to make a question with the present perfect. Have you ever traveled overseas? «Use not or never to make a negative statement with the present perfect. No, Thaven't. Ihave never traveled overseas. Note: To form the past participle of regular verbs, add -d ‘or -ed to the base form of the verb. There isa list of irregular verbs on page 150. Unit 13 Review: possessive ’s + Use ‘s after people's names or singular nouns to show possession, They're the family’s photos. It's not Lisa’s jewelry box. Where is James's watch? «Use after regular plural nouns to show possession. That is my grandparents" trunk. The boys’ photos are in the album. «Use ’s after irregular plural nouns. The children’s toys are upstairs. Where are the women’s dresses? 146 Possessive adjectives * Use possessive adjectives (my, your, his, her; its, our, their) to replace a possessive noun in a sentence. This is Pauls guitar. —> This is his guitar That is the dog’s bed. -> That is its bed. Note: it's = itis; its = possessive adjective Possessive pronouns: * Use possessive pronouns (mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs) to replace a possessive adjective and the noun it describes. They're my books. > They're mine. Tes our house, — T's ours. Belong to + Use the verb belong to to talk about things that a person has or owns. The book belongs to me. (I own the book.) The dolls belong to Cindy. (Cindy owns the dolls.) Unit 14 Adverbs of manner; comparative adverbs * Use adverbs of manner to tell how an action is done. You asked rudely, but I answered politely. + Many adverbs of manner are formed by adding -ly to an adjective. proud — proudly polite -» politely kind — kindly suspicious = suspiciously ‘* Use more/less + adverb of manner + than to compare ‘two actions. Mapela talks more quickly than Haneko. Haneko talks more slowly than Mapela. Notes: + For adjectives ending in -y, change the y to J, then add ly. happy —> happily angry + angrily ++ Well is the adverb form of good. Mahala is a good singer. ‘Mahala sings well DAPPPPPPPPPP PPP PPP NP PP HP HPP HP KP HP NP PHP PPP YP DPD DDD DI