PRE - INTERMEDIATE
Tenses
Present
Past
Future
Going to
Simple
S: aux + verb (s)
U: Habits,
routines and true
things
S: aux + verb in
past
U: completed
actions in the
past
Continuous
S: aux + am/ is/
are + verb ing
U: happening
now
S: aux + was/
were + verb ing
U: situations in
progress in the
past
S: aux + will
(able to) + verb
U: predictions
and ability
S: aux + am/ is/
are + going to +
verb
U: personal plans
S: aux + am/ is/
are + verb ing
U: plans with
another person
Perfect
S: aux + have/
has + PP
U: unspecific
time in the past
S: aux + had +
PP
U: event in the
past that
happend before
another event in
past
Grammar
a. Good at, bad at, interested in,
of, excited about, bored with,
Uncountable
instead of, in spite of
- dont have plural
- some/ any
- a little/ muchModal verbs
Necesary (rules)
- a lot of/ enough
+ must
- some affirmative
+ have to
Present
- any negative
- a/ an with singular
Is not necesary
+ do not have to
Infinitive WITH TO
Obligation
+ had to
after some verbs (agree, arrange,
+ did not have to
Past
decide, forget, hope, learn, manage,
mean, need, offer, prefer, promise,
refuse, remember, try, want, would to)
talk about the purpose of something
Countable/ Uncountable
tired
Countable
- singular or plural
- some/ any with plural
- a few/ many (plural)
- a lot of/ enough (pural)
Possible
+ can
Is not poss
+ can not
Possible
+ could
Is not poss
+ could not
Modal verbs of advice
Futre Clauses
Future Clause
If
When
Before
+ present simple
After
As son as
Uses:
to talk about future predictions
-ing forms
1. Subject of a sentences
a. Working long hours is very
stressful.
2. Object of some verbs
a. love, like, dislike, enjoy, mind, cant
stand
3. After prepositions
Make suggestions Should (not) =
Ought (not) to
Strong suggestions Must
Comparative and superlative
Comparative
+ one syllable er
Modify with a bit or
To make comparisons
Longer adjective not a
+ one syllable - est
Superlativa
Uses:
To compare two things or people
To compare someone or
something in a group with all
the other things
Passive voice
Present
AUX + verb (s) + Obj
+ present simple
+ past simpl
+ present continuous
+ past contin
Simple
+ past perfec
Past
AUX + verb past + + present perfect
+ past simple
+ past perfec
Obj
+ will
+ would
Uses:
+ am/ is/ are going to
+ was/ were
Use the passive voice to focus
Uses:
on the action
To say what another person said
Use the active voice to focus on
Said + (that)
the subject
Told + object pronound
(me)
1st and 2nd conditional
Conditional
if Clause
Main ClauseWords:
Place there
1st
If
+ Present
I/ you + will/
Simple
might (not)/ can
This that
+ verb
Last week week before
2nd
If
+ Past Simple I/ you +
Yesterday day before
would/ could
(not) +
verb
Defining
relative clauses
Reported statements
Direct statement
Who/ that persons
Which/ that objects
Reported statement
Grammar Tense
Present Simple
Affirmative
Negative
Question
I/we/you/they + verb
He/she/it + verb + s
I/we/you/they + do not + verb
He/she/it + verb + does not + s
Do + I/we/you/they + verb ?
Does + He/she/it + verb + s ?
Frequency:
Adverbs: between subject and ver (always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever,
nerver)
Expressions: end of the sentence (every day, twive a week, on Monday, etc)
Uses:
Habits and routines
Thing always true
Present Continuous
Affirmative
Negative
Question
I + am + verb + ing
We/you/they + are + verb + ing
He/she/it + is + verb + ing
I + am not + verb + ing
We/you/they + are not + verb + ing
He/she/it + is not + verb + ing
Am + I + verb + ing ?
Are + we/you/they + verb + ing ?
Is + He/she/it + verb + ing ?
Affirmative
Negative
Question
I/ You/ He/ She/ It/ We/ They + verb in
past
I/ You/ He/ She/ It/ We/ They + did not
+ verb in past
Did + I/ You/ He/ She/ It/ We/ They +
verb in past ?
Uses:
Happening now
Temporary situations
Past Simple
Uses:
Completed actions in the past
Temporary situations
Past Countinuous
Affirmative
Negative
Question
I/ He/ She/ It + was + verb ing
You / We/ They + were + verb ing
I/ He/ She/ It + was not + verb ing
You / We/ They + were not + verb ing
Was + I/ He/ She/ It + verb ing ?
Were + You/ We/ They + verb ing ?
Uses:
Activity or situation in progress in the past
USED TO: regular acction in the past which dont happen now
Future
Hopes and plans
Plans and intentions
Prediction and ability
Future hopes not definite
Definite future plans
Personal plans
Arrangements plans
Predictions or beliefs about future
To talk about ability or possibility
hope, plan, want, would like + to
looking forward + to + verb + ing
Going to
Present Continuous
Will + verb
Will/wont able to + verb
Present perfect
Affirmative
Negative
Question
I/we/you/they + have + verb PP
He/she/it + has + verb PP
I/we/you/they + have not + verb PP
He/she/it + has not + verb PP
Have + I/we/you/they + verb PP ?
Has + He/she/it + verb PP ?
Uses:
To talk about unspecific time in the past
For and Since
For period of time
Since star point of time
Yet and already
Already something happened before now (aux + already + PP)
Yet something that did not happened (aux + PP + yet)
Past perfect
Affirmative
Negative
Question
I/ you/ he/ she/ it/ we/ they + had +
verb PP
I/ you/ he/ she/ it/ we/ they + had not
+ verb PP
Had + I/ you/ he/ she/ it/ we/ they +
verb PP ?
Uses:
To talk about an event in the past that happened before another event in the past
