Oracle Cheat Sheet
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http://software.clapper.org/cheat-sheets/oracle.html#if-database-is-hung-...
Oracle Cheat Sheet
Getting a list of indexes
The query
SELECT INDEX_NAME FROM DBA_INDEXES
will list the names of all non-system indexes. Also, from
http://technet.oracle.com/docs/products/oracle8i/doc_index.htm
System index views USER_INDEXES, ALL_INDEXES, and
DBA_INDEXES indicate
bitmap indexes by the word BITMAP appearing in the TYPE
column. A bitmap
index cannot be declared as UNIQUE.
Must have system privileges to issue the query.
Getting a cross-reference of tables and
their indexes
Table of Contents
Getting a list of indexes
Getting a cross-reference of
tables and their indexes
Determining the indexes on a
table
Getting the names of indexes
for a table
Determining the columns on
which an index is based:
Other useful metadata queries
Creating a user
Changing users password
Sharing tables between two users
Creating a public synonym for a
table
Granting DBA privileges to a user
Creating a rollback segment:
If database is hung shutting down
or starting up
Dumping and Restoring an Oracle
Database
Dump:
Restore
Oracle 9.2.0 Intermedia
Problems:
CTX_DDL must be declared
Error during stored procedure
definition
Insufficient privilege error
EXPLAIN PLAN and Autotrace
Managing statistics for the
cost-based optimizer
After bringing up database, cant
connect via SQL*Plus.
SELECT table_name, index_name FROM dba_indexes WHERE table_name = 'TABLENAME'
Must have system privileges to issue the query.
Determining the indexes on a table
Getting the names of indexes for a table
SELECT INDEX_NAME name FROM USER_INDEXES
WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'table_name' AND GENERATED = 'N';
Determining the columns on which an index is based:
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Oracle Cheat Sheet
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http://software.clapper.org/cheat-sheets/oracle.html#if-database-is-hung-...
SELECT aic.index_name,
aic.column_name,
aic.column_position,
aic.descend,
aic.table_owner,
CASE alc.constraint_type
WHEN 'U' THEN 'UNIQUE'
WHEN 'P' THEN 'PRIMARY KEY'
ELSE ''
END AS index_type
FROM all_ind_columns aic
LEFT JOIN all_constraints alc
ON aic.index_name = alc.constraint_name
AND aic.table_name = alc.table_name
AND aic.table_owner = alc.owner
WHERE aic.table_name = 'TEST2'
-- table name
--AND aic.table_owner = 'HR'
-- table owner
--AND aic.index_name = 'TEST2_FIELD5_IDX' -- index name
ORDER BY column_position;
Other useful metadata queries
See http://www.alberton.info/oracle_meta_info.html
Creating a user
In SQL*Plus, connect as SYSTEM/MANAGER@dbname. Then, issue the following
SQL:
CREATE USER user IDENTIFIED BY password
DEFAULT TABLESPACE users TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp
QUOTA UNLIMITED ON users;
For example:
CREATE USER user1 IDENTIFIED BY mypassword
DEFAULT TABLESPACE users TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp
QUOTA UNLIMITED ON users;
Next, grant appropriate privileges to the new user:
GRANT connect, resource TO user1;
In SQL*Plus, connect as user1/mypassword@dbname. Create tables, indexes,
etc Theyll be owned by the new user.
Changing users password
ALTER USER user IDENTIFIED BY password
Sharing tables between two users
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Oracle Cheat Sheet
http://software.clapper.org/cheat-sheets/oracle.html#if-database-is-hung-...
Create a second user, user2. (See above) Then, connect as user1, and
issue this command:
GRANT insert, update, delete, select on user1.table1 TO user2;
Do this for all appropriate tables/indexes.
Now, if user2 logs in, he can access user1.table1, but he must
refer to it as user1.table1. You can create a public synonym for
the table to make this easier. See below.
Creating a public synonym for a table
Log in as the tables owner (user1, in this example), and issue this SQL:
CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM table1 FOR user1.table1
Granting DBA privileges to a user
In a word: Dont. Instead, grant the appropriate privileges on the
appropriate tables to an unprivileged user.
Creating a rollback segment:
Connect as SYSTEM/MANAGER, then:
CREATE ROLLBACK SEGMENT segname TABLESPACE USERS;
Then, add the rollback segment name to the initXXX.ora file for the
instance.
If database is hung shutting down or starting up
As Oracle user:
$ svrmgrl
Oracle8i Enterprise Edition Release 8.1.5.0.2 - Production
With the Partitioning and Java options
PL/SQL Release 8.1.5.0.0 - Production
SVRMGR>
SVRMGR>
SVRMGR>
SVRMGR>
connect internal
shutdown
startup force
^D
If that fails, try killing the Oracle processes. Then, since Oracle uses
two of the three evil sisters, semaphores and shared memory, ipcrm the
Oracle-owned one after the kill -9 and it should restart.
Dumping and Restoring an Oracle Database
Dump:
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Oracle Cheat Sheet
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http://software.clapper.org/cheat-sheets/oracle.html#if-database-is-hung-...
sqlplus system/manager <<EOF
grant dba to user1;
EOF
exp user1/password@instance # accept defaults, except for "Export entire
# database". Choose "1" for that.
When prompted with
(1)E(ntire database), (2)U(sers), or (3)T(ables): (2)U >
accept the default (U), and enter the appropriate user name (i.e., the
owner of the tables) when prompted.
sqlplus system/manager <<EOF
revoke dba from user1;
EOF
Restore
Drop all existing tables and indexes in same db first.
sqlplus system/manager <<EOF
grant dba to user1;
EOF
imp user1/password@instance
sqlplus system/manager <<EOF
revoke dba from user1;
EOF
May have to restore SYSTEM accounts password afterwards.
Oracle 9.2.0 Intermedia Problems:
CTX_DDL must be declared
If this error occurs:
PLS-00201: identifier 'CTX_DDL' must be declared
then the user doesnt have appropriate privileges. This seems to cure the
problem:
sqlplus system/manager@instance <<EOF
grant ctxapp to user1
EOF
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Oracle Cheat Sheet
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http://software.clapper.org/cheat-sheets/oracle.html#if-database-is-hung-...
Error during stored procedure definition
If the above error occurs during definition of a stored procedure, then:
sqlplus system/manager@instance <<EOF
grant create any procedure to user1
EOF
Insufficient privilege error
If you THEN get:
PLS-00904: insufficient privilege to access object CTXSYS.CTX_DDL
try:
sqlplus system/manager@instance <<EOF
grant execute on CTXSYS.CTX_DDL to user1;
EOF
EXPLAIN PLAN and Autotrace
Create the relevant tables in the schema, e.g.:
sqlplus user1/password@instance @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utlxplan.sql
Create the PLUSTRACE role, etc.:
sqlplus /nolog <<EOF
connect / as sysdba
@$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin/plustrce.sql
EOF
Grant the PLUSTRACE role to the user who owns the DB:
sqlplus system/manager@instance <<EOF
grant plustrace to user1;
EOF
Can now run EXPLAIN PLAN (see Oracle docs) or autotrace.
sqlplus user1/password@instance
SQL> set autotrace trace|on|off
SQL> <statement(s)>
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Oracle Cheat Sheet
http://software.clapper.org/cheat-sheets/oracle.html#if-database-is-hung-...
trace says to run the statement(s) and print the plan(s), but avoid
displaying any results.
on prints the plan(s) and the results.
Managing statistics for the cost-based optimizer
Creating statistics for the cost-based optimizer
sqlplus system/manager@instance <<EOF
EXEC DBMS_UTILITY.analyze_schema('IACCEL', 'COMPUTE')
EOF
Deleting those statistics:
sqlplus system/manager@instance <<EOF
EXEC DBMS_UTILITY.analyze_schema('IACCEL', 'DELETE')
EOF
After bringing up database, cant connect via SQL*Plus.
Try waiting a minute or two.
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