Blue boxes indicate concepts that were not formally associated with
Erikson
0 - 4 weeks
Trust vs. Mistrust
Can I trust the people around me?
Quality of care: improtant role in shaping personality
Consistancy of care: VITAL
Inconsistent = emotionally unavailable or mistrusting
Results in fear/belief that the world is unpredictable
4 weeks - 4 monthsTrust vs. Mistrust
4 - 10 months
Trust vs. Mistrust
10 -16 months
Trust vs. Mistrust
12 months
12 - 15 months
16 - 24 months
Trust vs. Mistrust
1.5 - 3 years
2 - 3 years
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Can I do things by myself or am I reliant on others?
Enough sense of self to master new experiences
Important in development of autonomy and self-control
Potty training helps to establish sense of self/autonomy
3 years
3 - 5 years
GE
Initiative vs. Guilt
Am I good or bad?
Self initiated actions
Asserting power/control over actions
Play and imagination = important role at this stage
Praise = helps to develop sense of purpose
Discouragement = embarrassment and ashamed feelings
about self initiated actions
5 - 12 years
Industry vs. Inferiority
How can I be good?
SCHOOL: success vs. failure in new and complicated tasks
Social development at school - more time relating to peers
Development of competency and self confidence
6 years
Pube
11 - 14 years
12 - 18 years
14 - 17 years
Keep secrets (diary) - de
Social media = more vulnera
Guidance is blurred - children
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Who am I?
Feel confused or insecure as to how they fit in
Develops sense of self, identity, and sense of direction in life
Dating, indi
Rebellion is less - m
RISK TAKING - do not have a clear concep
Parents give children more auto
Have their own
Respon
17 - 20 years
Driving = autonomy but a
Shift in child where they are n
More anxious about the future
Independence and ac
20 years
Dec
Establishing
20 - 40 years
30 years
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Will I be loved or will I be alone?
Imtimacy and and relationships are crutial part of this stage
Fully formed sense of self is ESSENTIAL to being able to
form successful intimate relationships with others
Physical de
Reapp
Tasks include work out unresolved issues with family, finding perm
40 years
At
Unique social
Having to take care of
40 - 60 years
MIDLIFE CRISIS
60 years - death
65 years
Generativity vs. Stagnation
How can I contribute to the world?
Strive to create/nurture things that will outlast them
Achieved by having children or contributing to positive changes
that benefits other people
MAKING YOUR MARK ON THE WORLD
Stagnation could be intimacy neglected, never married, absent
father, woman with no children, etc
Triggered by: death of parent, empty-nes
Males = more external = starting to exercise, unc
Females = more internal = depression, weight
Ego Integrity vs. Despair
Did I live a meaningful life?
Reflecting back on life
Sense of fulfillment or regret/despair
Mental health iss
Increased rates of suicide, espe
ot formally associated with any one psychologist, but rather concepts that were discussed i
Freud
Mahler
Oral stimuation
Feeding is primary concern
Autistic and Equilibrium
Not connecting with others
Establishing equilibrium with outside world
Oral stimuation
Symbiotic
SOCIAL SMILE
Dim awareness of caretaker
Functions as if he and caretaker are fused
Oral stimuation
Separation-Individuation
Differentiation
STRANGER ANXIETY
Curiosity and fear
Comparing what is and what is not mother
Oral stimuation
Practicing
SEPARATION ANXIETY
Able to walk and uses mom as home base
FIRST WORDS
STARTS WALKING
Rapprochement
TEMPER TANTRUM
Helpless frustration
Child wants to be soothed by mother but does not
want to accept her help
Anal stimuation
Potty training
Ability to control things
(eating, sphincters)
POTTY TRAINING
Object Constancy
Relationship
More comfortable with absences - mom will return
Internalization/Representation of mother as reliable
and stable
Anal stimulation
GENDER IDENTITY SET BY AGE 3
Phallic Oedipal Complex
Dreams and nightmares
(Dad is monster because when
asked, boys say they want to marry
their mom)
Latency
Relative stability
Phallic Oedipal Complex dissolves
CONCEPT OF DEATH
Puberty, peer groups, argues, diary
Associate with social circles
Keep secrets (diary) - developing identity and want to feel like they are unique
Social media = more vulnerable to criticism as they pur more of themselves out there
Guidance is blurred - children seek help primarily from their friends rather than parents
Gential
Sexual and aggressive drive
Sexual pleasure expands outside of
mother and father
Dating, individualizing, risk-taking, omnipotence
Rebellion is less - more developing into who they are as an individual
TAKING - do not have a clear concept of limitations = more prone to injuries as they think they are invicible
Parents give children more autonomy but are concerned because of their risk taking nature
Have their own vocabulary and language, such as "ratchet"
Responsibility, driving, job, self control
Taking more responsibility
Driving = autonomy but also more responsibily (i.e. picking up younger siblings)
Shift in child where they are not just trying to prove themselves but contain themselves
More anxious about the future and what they are going to do after graduation (college, etc)
Early Adulthood
Independence and accountability (i.e. first full time job = paying taxes)
Able to vote and drink legally
Deciding on one's beliefs and values
Establishing a relationship with a partent as an equal
Early Adulthood
Role in society defined
Physical development has peaked (ALL DOWN HILL)
Individual is independent
Reappraisal of one's life (age 30 crisis)
ved issues with family, finding permanent life partner, education/career, facing simultaneous new demands in multiple are
Middle Adulthood
Usually has good health
Attained money, career, authority
Unique social responsibilities (Sandwich generation)
Having to take care of your own children and perhaps your parents as well
ered by: death of parent, empty-nest syndrome, visible signs of aging, boredom with job, hormonal change
external = starting to exercise, uncessary purchases (cars, boats, etc), quit job, new sexul partners or experiences
more internal = depression, weight gain, introspective, question equality of life position, life partner choice, etc
Collect Social Security
Mental health issues: dementia, depression, anxiety disorders
Increased rates of suicide, especially if: lost a spouse, being male, failing heath, living alone
ts that were discussed in general
Piaget
Sensorimotor
Assimilation/Accommodation
Assimilation = sterotyping/pigeon-holing
Accommodation = developing new understanding
Sensorimotor
Primary Circular: Smile
Sensorimotor
Secondary Circular
Awareness of hands/feet and external stimuli
Sensorimotor
Schemas
Teritiary Circular Reactions
(Inhibit grasp reflex)
OBJECT PERMANENCE
Objects continue to exist even if not seen or heard
Sensorimotor
Language
Preoperational
Egocentric
Parallel and Pretend Play
Animism
Preoperational
Egocentric
Parallel VS. Cooperative Play
Concrete Operational
RULE DRIVEN
Syllogistic reasoning, conversation, seriation
Things are more black and white
Children will often play very rule orientated games
re
nts
Formal Operations
Conceptualization
Begin to think for themselves
ey are invicible
ature
ves
etc)
Myelination of brain continues into 30's
(especially frontal cortex)
Deductive reasoning skills in place
Follow formal rules of logic = better judgment
us new demands in multiple areas of life
rmonal change
partners or experiences
e partner choice, etc
alone
Age
Motor
Social
0 - 2 months
Follows objects
Lifts head
Comforted by voice and touch
2 - 3 months
Lifts shoulders
Social smile
4 - 6 months
Turns
Grasps
Reaches
Recognizes faces
Attachment
7 - 11 months
Sits
Crawls
Pulls up
Pincer grasp
Stranger anxiety
Gestures
12 - 15 months Walks
Separation anxiety
1.5 years
Stacks 3 blocks
Throws ball
Climbs stairs
Scribbles
Rapprochement
2 years
Stacks 6 blocks
Kicks ball
Undresses
Utensils
Copies line
Parallel play
Says NO
3 years
Stacks 9 blocks
Rides tricycle
Scissors
Partial dress
Copies circle
Gender ID
Toilet training
Away from pirmary caregiver
4 years
Climb alternating feet
5 years
Catch with 2 hands
6 years
Bike without training wheels
7 years
Cognative
Shapes
Cries
Coos
Repeats
Babbles
Imitate sounds
Responds to name/instrucions
First words
Object permanence
10 words
Says name
250 words
2 word sentences
Names body parts
Pronouns
Circle
(2-3 yrs)
900 words
Complete sentences
ID's color
Cross
(3-4 yrs)
Square
(4-5 yrs)
Triangle
(5-6 yrs)
X
(6-7 yrs)
Diamond
(7-8 yrs)
