3.1.8.
Kin thc b sung
Edmister method: ASTM-TBP
TBP temperature difference from
ASTM temperature difference for
010%,1030%, 3050%, 5070%,
7090%, 90100%
From established T50(TBP) and
using temperature differences, the
TBP temperatures at 0, 10, 30, 50,
70, 90,100% are obtained.
Lecture / Dr. Thanh Hai Ngo / Oil Refining Technology
Page 1
3.1.8. Kin thc b sung
Maxwell method: TBP-Flash
TBP reference line (DRL): T10
and T70
Determine T50 of the flash
reference line (FRL): T50 (DRL FRL) and DRL slope
T (Flash - FRL) / T (TBP DRL) at each percent volume
Flash curve (1atm) is drawn.
Lecture / Dr. Thanh Hai Ngo / Oil Refining Technology
Page 2
3.1.8. Kin thc b sung
Probability chart (Thrift)
Estimating ASTM temperatures
from any two known values of
ASTM temperatures.
The product ASTM curve would be
a straight line from 0% to 100% on
this graph
Lecture / Dr. Thanh Hai Ngo / Oil Refining Technology
Page 3
AN INTRODUCTION TO CRUDE OIL AND ITS PROCESSING
15
ASTM Temperature Difference F
210
10
20
30
40
50
60
80
70
90
100
110 120
130
140
150
160
170
180
200
190
ASTM Temp Diff
vs
TBP Temp Diff
180
170
Reference:
Edolater-Okanato, Pet, Ref. 38.
Number 3, pp 117-129 (1965)
160
150
130
ur
100
n
la
60
50
40
10 70%
0% t
o
60
90 50
% % 30
to %
70 to
% 50
til
is
fD
Se
gm
en
to
80
70
70
tio
90
30
90
to
50
ASTM 50% Temp
vs
TBP 50% Temp
40
20
30
10
Reference:
Edolater & Pollack, CEP,
qs. pp 907 (1948)
20
10
0
F (Add to ASTM 50% to Obtain TBP 50% Temperature)
110
ve
0% , Vo
to lum
10 e
10
% Pe
%
rc
to
en
30
t
%
120
TBP Temperature Difference F
140
0
10
20
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
ASTM 50% Temperature F
Figure 1.6. ASTMTBP correlationEdmister method.
are given as Figures 1.6 and 1.7. In this exercise Edmisters method and correlation
will be used.
The ASTM distillation is tabulated as the temperature for IBP, 10%, 20% through
to the FBP. IBP is the Initial Boiling Point (equivalent to 0% over) and the FBP is
the Final Boiling Point (equivalent to 100% vol over). The multiples of 10% reflect
the volume distilled and the temperature at which each increment is distilled. Using
Figure 1.6 the 50% vol TBP point (in degrees Fahrenheit) is calculated from the 50%
vol point of the ASTM distillation.
16
CHAPTER 1
Slope of Flash Reference Line (FRL) F/%
8
Prediction of Flash Reference Line
From Distillation Reference Lines
7
6
BP
5
y
sa
4
Fl
de
As
Reference:
S. D. Maxwell, "Data on Hydrocarbons"
pp 222-228, Van Hostrand Company.
New York, 1950.
1
0
vs
as
u
Cr
(T
10
11
12
11
12
110
120
Slope of Crude Assay (TBP) Distillation Reference Line F/%
t'50 (DRL-FRL)
60
Prediction of FRL
50% Point
40
20
t'50DRL>300F
t'50DRL<300F
0
0
10
Slope of Crude Assay (TBP) Distillation Reference Line F/%
**t' (Flash)/ t' (Assay Dist.)
0.8
Prediction of Flash Curve
from its Reference Line
0.6
0.4
Crude Assay (TBP) Distillation
0.2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Percent off
NOTE: * Flash and distillation reference lines (FRL and DRL) are straight lines through the 10%
and 70% points. The temperature of the 50% points refer to these reference lines.
** t' is the deparature of the actual flash and distillation curves from their respective
reference lines. While the individual (t')'s may be either plus or minus, the ratio
is always poistive.
Figure 1.7. EFVTBP correlationMaxwell method.
AN INTRODUCTION TO CRUDE OIL AND ITS PROCESSING
13
1000
900
800
700
600
500
Temperature F
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
IBP
2 345
10
20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Vol Percent Over
90
95
97
EP
Figure 1.4. ASTM distillation probability curves.
Solution:
Yield on crude = 3.9% vol
Cut range = 27.331.2% vol on crude.
90%Vol of cut = 30.81 which is = 430 F
From Figure 1.3, curve B ASTM end point = 432 13 F = 419 F
From Figure 1.3, curve G ASTM 90% point = 430 24 F = 406 F
These two points are plotted in Figure 1.4 and a straight line drawn through them to
define the probable ASTM distillation of the cut. This is plotted linearly in Figure 1.5
12
CHAPTER 1
60
Add to TBP Cut Temperature F
40
C
20
D
G
B
A
0
E
20
40
200
300
400
500
600
700
TBP Cut Point F
A
B
C
D
E
G
End Points Vs TBP Cut Point for fractions starting at 200F TBP or Lower
End Points Vs TBP Cut Point for fractions starting at 300
End Points Vs TBP Cut Point for fractions starting at 400
End Points Vs TBP Cut Point for fractions starting at 500
& F ASTM End Points Vs TBP Cut Point 300 ml STD col & 5 ft Packed Towers.
90% vol temp Vs 90% vol TBP cut (All Fractions).
Figure 1.3. Correlation between TBP and ASTM end points.
An example of this calculation is given below:
It is required to predict the ASTM distillation curve for Kerosene, cut between 387 F
and 432 F cut points on Kuwait crude.
EstimationofRefineryStreamProperties
S ha ng cong:phng php Edmister (ASTM-TBP)
0to10%
o
TBP
ASTMT( F)
T
o
( F)
0.27
0.27
SegmentofDistillationCurve,VolumePercent
50 70%
10to30%
30 50%
90100%
ASTM
T
o
( F)
0.27
TBP
T
o
( F)
0.55
ASTM
T
o
( F)
0.27
TBP
T
o
( F)
0.27
ASTM
T
o
( F)
0.55
TBP
T
o
( F)
1.09
ASTM
T
o
( F)
0.28
TBP
T
o
( F)
0.82
ASTM
T
o
( F)
0.55
TBP
T
o
( F)
1.09
101.70
9.87
1.37
4.37
2.74
4.64
1.93
4.89
3.58
8.16
4.13
7.34
6.32
7.61
141.50
8.75
3.01
8.19
5.21
11.74
5.78
13.05
3.30
7.07
12.10
17.66
14.29
16.30
199.15
7.62
6.03
13.92
10.14
20.74
10.45
18.21
7.97
12.50
17.87
25.00
22.26
26.08
258.17
5.66
8.49
19.65
16.71
31.93
13.75
23.92
20.89
31.52
23.09
30.43
30.23
33.41
310.33
4.26
11.23
25.11
21.10
38.76
18.70
30.44
29.14
42.12
28.31
36.95
36.00
39.66
359.75
2.32
14.52
30.29
26.03
46.13
22.55
36.69
33.54
46.74
32.98
41.30
41.77
44.82
416.04
0.10
18.08
36.57
29.59
51.04
27.22
42.94
38.21
52.99
39.03
48.09
46.16
50.25
464.10
2.11
22.19
42.85
33.15
56.50
31.62
48.10
45.35
59.50
43.97
54.07
51.11
54.87
501.18
4.05
27.12
49.95
38.36
62.24
36.02
53.81
53.32
67.65
51.12
61.40
55.23
60.31
553.37
7.35
30.96
55.14
42.74
66.61
40.14
58.70
58.82
73.36
59.36
69.00
59.08
63.84
595.95
10.37
35.07
60.33
46.85
72.07
44.53
63.04
64.86
79.88
64.30
73.08
65.12
70.90
631.67
13.38
39.73
66.61
50.69
75.90
48.93
67.12
71.45
85.31
69.52
78.51
69.52
75.24
685.26
18.31
43.56
71.79
54.52
80.26
55.52
73.91
77.22
90.47
76.12
85.30
73.37
81.50
725.13
22.96
47.12
76.44
58.90
84.09
60.47
78.79
87.11
98.88
83.26
91.27
78.04
88.83
755.39
27.33
50.69
81.35
63.01
88.19
65.14
83.41
92.88
104.59
90.95
98.88
82.99
96.44
787.03
32.51
56.16
87.90
68.49
92.29
69.81
87.49
99.20
110.02
96.45
102.68
85.74
101.88
818.68
38.23
61.10
93.09
72.05
95.84
74.48
91.83
105.79
116.54
98.92
105.94
89.32
108.40
847.60
44.50
66.03
99.65
75.34
98.57
80.25
96.99
113.76
123.60
104.69
111.10
92.34
114.38
869.64
49.67
70.41
105.65
75.34
98.84
85.47
102.42
120.35
129.84
111.01
117.35
94.82
119.82
897.23
58.37
75.62
111.39
90.14
111.68
91.24
106.77
125.30
134.73
118.70
124.68
97.02
125.80
81.37
117.94
94.25
115.23
95.36
110.84
131.07
140.17
125.57
131.47
85.21
123.40
97.81
117.42
103.60
118.17
135.46
145.05
130.24
135.81
89.04
128.04
102.47
122.06
108.54
122.52
140.68
149.40
137.11
143.96
106.85
125.62
114.59
127.95
144.81
154.56
142.60
148.85
110.41
128.90
120.63
133.38
150.58
161.08
147.00
153.47
114.79
132.45
127.23
139.90
157.72
167.33
150.30
156.73
119.45
137.09
131.35
143.43
162.39
173.85
153.87
160.80
124.93
141.74
137.12
149.68
167.62
182.00
156.34
163.79
129.32
146.11
143.44
156.47
172.29
187.98
159.92
168.41
133.15
150.20
148.11
160.81
175.31
191.78
163.76
171.67
138.90
155.39
153.05
166.52
179.43
196.13
167.61
177.65
144.38
160.58
158.27
173.04
178.06
198.31
170.63
182.00
150.14
167.41
162.67
177.93
175.03
187.43
155.34
173.96
166.79
183.09
178.33
191.51
160.82
180.52
169.54
186.89
166.03
187.07
174.22
192.87
172.60
194.99
176.97
197.22
179.45
203.45
179.71
200.21
Table2.20:ASTMTBPcorrelationdatafromEdmistermethod.
39
70 90%
ASTM50%to
TBP50%
TBP
ASTM
50%
50%
Temp Temp
o
o
( F)
( F)
EstimationofRefineryStreamProperties
S ha ng cong: Phng php Maxwell (TBP-Flash)
Maxwellscorrelation1
Maxwellscorrelation
2
o
T50(DRL)<300 F
T50(DRL
FRL)
STBP
Maxwells
correlation2
o
T50(DRL)>300 F
STBP
T50
(DRL
FRL)
Percent
off
STBP
SFRL
0.02
7.74
0.02
7.74
2.00
0.65
1.08
0.33
0.48
7.71
0.48
7.71
2.46
3.33
3.49
0.37
0.88
7.69
0.88
7.69
2.84
5.62
7.49
0.39
1.34
7.27
1.34
7.27
3.09
8.32
13.47
0.38
1.76
8.02
1.76
8.02
3.39
11.39
18.66
0.35
2.16
9.15
2.16
9.15
3.65
14.47
24.64
0.34
2.58
11.06
2.58
11.06
3.91
19.10
30.63
0.34
3.00
12.19
3.00
12.19
4.17
23.34
35.23
0.34
3.31
14.11
3.31
14.11
4.61
28.73
40.02
0.34
3.67
17.96
3.67
17.96
4.97
32.97
45.21
0.34
3.97
22.20
3.97
22.20
5.25
34.50
50.80
0.34
4.37
27.20
4.37
27.20
5.53
36.03
54.19
0.34
4.85
31.82
4.85
31.82
5.79
36.40
60.19
0.34
5.23
34.50
5.23
34.50
6.13
37.93
66.57
0.34
5.69
36.79
5.69
36.79
6.39
38.30
71.17
0.34
6.19
37.92
6.19
37.92
6.61
39.06
75.36
0.34
6.91
39.04
6.91
39.04
6.95
39.42
79.35
0.35
7.43
39.39
7.43
39.39
7.21
39.41
83.75
0.34
7.87
38.98
7.87
38.98
7.55
39.77
87.54
0.34
8.39
39.33
8.39
39.33
8.05
39.74
91.13
0.34
8.95
39.68
8.95
39.68
8.63
39.31
94.93
0.34
9.54
39.64
9.54
39.64
9.26
40.05
98.92
0.34
10.14
39.60
10.14
39.60
9.78
39.63
10.74
39.95
10.74
39.95
10.40
39.97
11.24
39.53
11.24
39.53
10.88
39.94
11.68
39.89
11.68
39.89
11.44
39.91
11.98
39.87
11.98
39.87
11.78
39.50
9.60
6.45
11.78
39.50
9.88
6.71
7.01
10.18
Table2.24:EFVTBPcorrelationdatapresentedbyMaxwell(1950).
65
Maxwellscorrelation3
EstimationofRefineryStreamProperties
S ha ng cong: Phn ct cui TBP v kt thc ASTM
A
o
T( F)
126.4
316.4
324.1
334.4
343.0
351.5
360.1
369.5
378.1
385.8
395.2
404.6
B
( F)
41.1
2.1
3.6
5.4
7.0
8.4
10.0
11.5
13.0
14.4
15.9
17.5
o
T( F)
413.2
421.7
432.0
442.3
455.1
466.3
474.8
486.8
495.4
504.8
516.8
355.8
363.5
371.2
380.7
390.1
396.9
402.9
409.8
417.5
428.6
437.2
444.9
455.1
454.3
464.6
474.8
481.7
488.5
496.2
504.8
511.6
519.3
524.5
532.2
545.9
553.6
560.4
569.0
578.4
587.0
599.0
615.2
628.1
640.9
652.1
C
( F)
18.9
20.2
21.6
22.3
21.6
20.3
19.1
17.5
16.7
15.6
14.8
4.5
5.6
6.1
7.3
8.2
8.9
9.6
10.5
11.2
12.8
13.8
15.1
16.8
17.0
18.2
20.3
21.7
23.3
25.4
27.5
29.3
31.2
32.6
34.4
37.7
39.8
41.7
43.9
45.4
45.8
45.4
42.1
37.9
35.1
33.0
o
T( F)
476.5
453.4
460.3
471.4
480.8
490.2
498.8
515.1
521.9
531.3
543.3
550.2
559.6
565.6
576.7
584.4
593.0
639.2
D
( F)
7.0
6.1
7.4
9.0
10.5
11.9
13.5
16.3
17.9
19.7
21.9
23.9
25.6
27.7
30.5
32.3
34.2
40.5
o
T( F)
470.5
482.5
494.5
513.4
531.3
545.9
559.6
572.4
589.6
601.5
612.7
622.1
628.9
637.5
646.1
652.9
659.8
666.6
672.6
682.0
688.9
E
( F)
2.6
1.7
0.8
1.1
3.4
4.8
7.1
9.0
12.2
14.3
16.4
18.5
20.4
22.0
23.7
25.7
27.2
29.2
30.7
32.7
35.1
o
T( F)
504.8
208.6
222.3
236.0
258.2
280.5
307.9
328.4
345.5
367.0
386.6
406.3
426.9
446.6
466.3
486.0
504.8
522.8
544.2
565.6
585.3
602.4
620.4
648.6
662.3
677.7
690.6
( F)
13.3
6.6
8.0
8.9
11.0
12.2
14.7
15.9
17.3
19.3
20.7
22.4
23.5
24.9
26.6
28.2
29.5
30.7
32.6
34.2
35.8
37.0
38.6
40.6
41.6
42.8
43.9
o
Table2.19:EndpointcorrelationdatapresentedbyGood,Connelet.al.Datasetsrepresentfractions
whosecutpointstartsat200 oFTBPorlower(SetA);300 oF(SetB);400 oF(SetC);500 oF(SetD);90%
voltemperatureofthecutVs.90%volTBPcutforallfractions(SetE).
37
