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Satellite History

This document discusses the history and types of satellites. It begins by defining satellites and providing examples of natural and artificial satellites. It then describes five main types of satellites: 1) communications satellites, 2) navigation satellites, 3) weather satellites, 4) military satellites, and 5) scientific satellites. Key early satellites are identified for each type. The document focuses on the development of communications satellites, providing details on early experimental satellites from the 1950s-1960s and the introduction of commercial satellites through Intelsat in the 1960s. It concludes with brief discussions of weather satellites and space exploration.

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99 views18 pages

Satellite History

This document discusses the history and types of satellites. It begins by defining satellites and providing examples of natural and artificial satellites. It then describes five main types of satellites: 1) communications satellites, 2) navigation satellites, 3) weather satellites, 4) military satellites, and 5) scientific satellites. Key early satellites are identified for each type. The document focuses on the development of communications satellites, providing details on early experimental satellites from the 1950s-1960s and the introduction of commercial satellites through Intelsat in the 1960s. It concludes with brief discussions of weather satellites and space exploration.

Uploaded by

vicbuen76
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SATELLITE

DR. VICENTE Y. BUENCONSEJO JR., PECE


FACULTY, COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
COLEGIO SAN AGUSTIN - BACOLOD

SATELLITES
CHARACTERISTICS
natural or artificial object that revolves
around a larger astronomical object
moon 1st natural satellite
All planets except mercury & venus
Saturn 18 moon
Sputnik 1 1st artificial satellite
Oct. 4, 1957 - Soviet Union
Explorer 1 Jan 31, 1958 Van Allen Belts
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TYPES OF SATELLITES
1. Communications Satellites
First telephone and television satellite
 AT&Ts Telstar 1 1962 - NASA
1st Communications Satellites
 Syncom 3 1964 - US DOD
Geostationary orbit

TYPES OF SATELLITES
2. Navigation Satellites
1st Navigation Satellite
 Transit 1B 1960 US NAVY
Locate ships, aircrafts, automobiles
 GPS (NAVSTAR) US AIR FORCE
 GLONASS Russian Federation
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TYPES OF SATELLITES
3. Weather Satellites
1st Weather Satellite
 TIROS 1960 NASA
 GOES series NASA
 METEOSAT 3 Europe
 NOAA Long-term Weather
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TYPES OF SATELLITES
4. Military Satellites
Sends encrypted data
 DSCS 5 spacecraft Geo
 DSP Early warning missile launch
 Persian Gulf War (1991) Scud
 DMSP Global weather info
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TYPES OF SATELLITES
5. Scientific Satellites
Provide data to map
 Sun, Moon, other planets
 Comets, Stars & Galaxies
 Hubble Space Telescope - 1990
 General Purpose Observatory
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SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
Provide telephone, TV & data

Rx signals, amplifies & Tx


via microwave signal LOS space
SHF 3 to 30GHz
ITU Frequency assignment
C 6/4 GHz Ku 14/11 GHz
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SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
Transponder extend coverage
 Rx - uplink, Freq Shifter - downlink
 Power Amplifier - TWT
Power Source Solar cell - NiCd - NiH
Signal Strength
 Tx power
 Antenna size Narrow Beam - Disc
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SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
Satellite Launching
 Boosters
 Geostationary orbit 22,300 mi
1. 1st stage boost stage
2. 2nd stage parking stage
3. 3rd stage perigee stage
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HISTORY OF
COMMUNICATION SATELLITES
SCORE 1st Comm Satellites Exp
 Dec 18, 1958 13 days elliptical
ECHO 1 Aug 12, 1960
 Baloon Mylar Aluminum Coating
Telstar 1 July 10, 1962
 1st Tx Live TV & Telephone - Atlantic
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HISTORY OF
COMMUNICATION SATELLITES
Syncom 2 July 26, 1963
 1st geostationary Comm Satellites
Syncom 3 Aug 19, 1964
 1st Transpacific TV picture
Intelsat I Early Bird April 6, 1965
 1st Commercial Comm Satellite
 High BW Telcom US & Europe
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HISTORY OF
COMMUNICATION SATELLITES
Intelsat II & III -1969
 Full coverage Atlantic & Pacific
 > 1200 voice channels
Intelsat IV 1971
 6,000 voice channels
Note: All Intelsat were in US under ITSO

ITSO
Canada
Indonesia

India
Japan
EU
France
Brazil

Australia
Mexico
China
UK
Open Skies 1972 - FCC

Arab League
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SPACE EXPLORATION
Comstar, Satcom & Westar - US

Anik - Canada
Marisat - US
Symphonie France & West Germany
Skynet Comsat UK
Molniya - Soviet
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WEATHER SATELLITES

TIROS 1st Weather Satellites


 Global coverage 12hrs
GOES Oct 1975
 24 hr US weather coverage
GMS 1977 - Japan
Meteosat 1977 - ESA
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WEATHER SATELLITES

Meteor 1969 Soviet


GEOS 1 1965 - NASA
GEOS 2 1968 - NASA
Seasat Spacecraft 1978 - 100 days

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END
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