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Drug Study: Date/ Time Ordered Route/Dosage/ Time Interval Precaution Contra-Indications Nursing Responsibilites

The document summarizes information on two drugs: Paracetamol (Biogesic) and Ranitidine (Zantac). Paracetamol is an analgesic and antipyretic with an unknown mechanism of action thought to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis in the CNS. It has a half-life of 1-4 hours and is primarily excreted in urine. Ranitidine is a H2 antagonist that blocks histamine receptors in the stomach to prevent acid secretion. It has an onset of 1 hour, peak effect between 1-3 hours, duration of 1-3 hours, and a half-life of 2.5-3 hours. The document provides details on the indications, dosages

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239 views3 pages

Drug Study: Date/ Time Ordered Route/Dosage/ Time Interval Precaution Contra-Indications Nursing Responsibilites

The document summarizes information on two drugs: Paracetamol (Biogesic) and Ranitidine (Zantac). Paracetamol is an analgesic and antipyretic with an unknown mechanism of action thought to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis in the CNS. It has a half-life of 1-4 hours and is primarily excreted in urine. Ranitidine is a H2 antagonist that blocks histamine receptors in the stomach to prevent acid secretion. It has an onset of 1 hour, peak effect between 1-3 hours, duration of 1-3 hours, and a half-life of 2.5-3 hours. The document provides details on the indications, dosages

Uploaded by

pjcolita
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter XI

DRUG STUDY

DATE/
TIME
ORDERED

11/30/15
5:30 am

BRAND
NAME
Biogesic

GENERIC
NAME
Paracetamol

CLASSIFI
-CATION
Analgesic,
antipyretic

ACTION

INDICATION

Unknown. Mild pain


Thought
or fever
to produce
analgesia
by
blocking
pain
impulses,
probably
by
inhibiting
synthesis
of
prostaglan
din in the
CNS

ROUTE/DOSAGE/
TIME INTERVAL

Orally, 500mg
every 4 hours
PRN
Onset:Unknown
Peak: - 2
hours
Duration: 3-4
hours
HALF-LIFE
1-4 hours

ABSORPTION
Readily
absorbed from

DRUG
INTERACTIO
N
Barbiturates,
carbamazepine,
rifampin,
sulfinpyrazone:
high doses or
long term use of
these drugs may
reduce
therapeutic
effects and
ehanceheptotoxi
c effects of
paracetamol
Drug-food:
Caffeine: May
enhance
analgesic effects
of paracetamol
EXCRETION
Urine 85% -90%

ADVERSE
EFFECT

PRECAUTION
CONTRAINDICATIONS

CV: hemolytic
anemia,
leukopenia,
neutropenia,
pancytopenia,
thrombocytopen
ia

Hypersensitivit
y drugs
snfacute
intoxication
with alcohol

Hepatic:
Liver damage,
jaundice
Metabolic:
hypoglycemia

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITES

Skin: rash,
urticaria

Use liquid
form for
children with
difficulty in
swallowing.
Dont exceed 5
doses in 24
hours
Tell patient that
drug is only for
short term use
Tell patient to
not use for
fever
exceeding
39.5oC or those
exceeding 3
days unless
prescribed
Warn patient
that long term

the
gastrointestinal
tract

use can cause


liver damage

DATE/
TIME
ORDERED

11/30/15
5:30 am

BRAND
NAME

Zantac

ACTION

Ranitidine
blocks
histamine
Generic
H2Name
receptors
ranitidine
the
hydrochlori in
stomach
de
and
CLASSIFIprevents
CATION
histamineH2
mediated
antagonist
gastric acid
secretion.
It does not
affect
pepsin
secretion,
pentagastri
nstimulated
factor
secretion
or serum
gastrin.

INDICATION

ROUTE/DOSAGE/
TIME INTERVAL

Treatment
and
prevention
of
indigestio
n, and
sour
stomach.

Orally, 1 tab 150


mg bid

Prophylax
is of GI
hemorrhag
e from
stress
ulceration

Half-life
2.5-3 hours

Onset: 1 hour

DRUG
INTERACTION

ADVERSE
EFFECT

PRECAUTION
CONTRAINDICATIONS

Antacids: may
interfere with
absorption

CNS:vertigo,
malaise,
headache
EENT:blurre
d vision
Hepatic:
jaundice
Other:
burning and
itching at
injection site

Contraindicate
d to patients
hypersensitive
to drug and
those with
acute
porphyria

Peak: 1 3 hours
Duration: 13 hours

Absorption

Excretion

50% absorbed after


oral administration

Renal,
unchanged

NURSING
RESPONSIBILITES

Use cautiously
in patients with
hepatic
dysfunction

Instruct patient not


to take new
medication w/o
consulting
physician
Instruct patient to
take as directed and
do not increase
dose
Allow 1 hour
between any other
antacid and
ranitidine
Avoid excessive
alcohol
Assess patient for
epigastric or
abdominal pain and
frank or occult
blood in the stool,
emesis, or gastric
aspirate
Nurse should know
that it may cause
false-positive
results for urine
protein; test with
sulfosalicylic acid
Inform patient that
it may cause
drowsiness or
dizziness
Inform patient that
increased fluid and
fiber intake may
minimize
constipation
Advise patient to
report onset of
black, tarry stools;
fever, sore throat;
diarrhea; dizziness;

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