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Equilibrium Static Equilibrium:: X X y y Z Z

1. Static equilibrium occurs when the net force and torque on an object are both equal to zero. This ensures the object's center of mass remains stationary. 2. Static equilibrium equations were used to calculate unknown forces in examples involving a board supported by two people, a suspended non-uniform bar, and a hinged beam with a supporting wire. 3. For a wheel trying to roll over an obstacle, taking the torque about the point of contact with the ground allowed calculating the minimum horizontal force needed to raise the wheel.

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63 views6 pages

Equilibrium Static Equilibrium:: X X y y Z Z

1. Static equilibrium occurs when the net force and torque on an object are both equal to zero. This ensures the object's center of mass remains stationary. 2. Static equilibrium equations were used to calculate unknown forces in examples involving a board supported by two people, a suspended non-uniform bar, and a hinged beam with a supporting wire. 3. For a wheel trying to roll over an obstacle, taking the torque about the point of contact with the ground allowed calculating the minimum horizontal force needed to raise the wheel.

Uploaded by

pokaime
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

13. Equilibrium
Static Equilibrium:
An object is in static equilibrium if its center
of mass is stationary.
There is no net force or torque acting on it:
Fx = 0
x = 0
Fy = 0

y = 0

Fz = 0

z = 0

The torque can be measured about any point.


The study of static equilibrium is essential in
structural engineering, e.g. buildings, bridges.
Example:
A 71.0 N boulder is placed 1.4 m from one
end of a 2.00 m long board. Cliff and Will
support the board at each end so that it is
horizontal.
Cliff is nearest the boulder.
Neglecting the weight of the board, what forces
does each apply to the board?

Fc

Fw

y
x

Fg

Lg

Lw

Fy

= Fc + Fw Fg = 0
z

=0

The torque is along the z direction because the


force is in the y direction.
Pick a point where some of the forces have
zero torques to simplify problem.
z = 0 + Fw Lw Fg Lg = 0
Fw =

Fg Lg
Lw

= 21.3 N
Fc = Fg Fw
= 49.7 N
Example:
A nonuniform bar of weight W is suspended
at rest in a horizontal position by two massless

cords. One cord makes the angle = 36.9 with


the vertical; the other makes the angle = 53.1
with the vertical. If the length L of the bar is 6.10
m, compute the distance x from the left-hand end
of the bar to its center of mass.
y

T1

L
x

T2

Fx

= T2 sin T1 sin = 0

(1)

Fy

= T2 cos + T1 cos W = 0

(2)

Take the torque around the left end of the bar:


z = Wx + (T 2 cos )L = 0
T2 cos )L
(
x=
W

(3)

(1):
(2):

(3):

sin
T1 = T2
sin

sin
0 = T2 cos + T 2
cos W
sin
W = T2 (cos + sin cot )
1
T2
=
W cos + sin cot
L cos
x=
cos + sin cot
= 2.93 m

Example:
One end of a uniform beam that weighs 50.0
lbs and is 3.00 ft long is attached to the wall with
a hinge. The other end is supported by a wire.
(a) Find the tension in the wire. What are the (b)
horizontal and (c) vertical components of the
force of the hinge on the beam.

Fy

60
Fx
T
30
30
W

Take the torque about the hinge:

T
Fx

L
= T (sin30 )L W(cos30 )
2
W cot 30 o
=
= 43.3 lbs
2
= Fx T cos60 o = 0
o

Fx = T cos60 o = 21.7 lbs


Fy = Fy + T sin 60 o W = 0
Fy = W T sin 60 o = 12.5 lbs
Example:
In the figure below, what magnitude of force,
F, applied horizontally at the axle of the wheel is
necessary to raise the wheel over the obstacle of

height h? Take r as the radius of the wheel and W


as its weight.
When the wheel is just starting to rotate, the
normal force N2 will be zero.
The step exerts a normal force that is directed
towards the center of the wheel.
r
F

N1
W
h

N2

Take the torque about the point of contact


with the step:
= WL F(r h ) = 0
WL
F=
rh
=

W r (r h )

r h

W 2rh h
=
rh

1
2

1
2

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