Section 2A Name: Index Number: Class: } Ni CATHOLIC HIGH SCHOOL. ws Preliminary Examination 3 Secondary 4 PHYSICS : 5059/02 Paper 2 Theory 15 September 2014 1 hour 45 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST \Wiite your name, index number and class on all the work you hand in, Write In dark bue or black pen on both sides ofthe paper. You may use a soft pencl for any diagrams or graphs. Do not use paper cis, highlighters, glue or correction fluid Section A Angwer all questions. Section B ‘Answer all questions, Question 11 has a choice of parts to answer. Candidates are reminded that all quantitative answers should include appropriate units. ‘The use of an approved scientific calculator is expected, where appropriate, Candidates are advised to show all their-working in a clear and orderly manner, as more marks are awarded for sound use of Physics than for correct answers. ‘At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. ‘The number of marks is given in brackets {at the end of each question or part question. For examiners use only: Section 2A 750 Section 28 730 Total 1 80 Overall weightings Mark, % Paper 1 40 Paper 2A, 50 Paper 28, 30 “This document consists of 22 printed pages. [Turn overSectionA eaters : Answer all the questions in this section. ‘A swimming pool is filed with 450 m® of water at 12°C. ‘The density of water is 1000 kg / m® and the specific heat capacity of water is. 4.2.31 (9 °C). {@) Calculate the mass of water in the swimming pool. mass = 2] (®) () Calculate the thermal energy (heat) needed to raise the temperature of the water to 27°C. —— (2) (li) Suggest one reason why the thermal energy supplied to the water by the heating system, when raising the temperature of the water 1027 °C, differs from the value calculated in (I).2 (@)- A gitl of weight 550 N is playing on a see-saw with her brother. Fig. 2.1 shows her brother of weight W siting 1.1 m to the right of the balance point. Fig. 241 (not to scale) ‘The see-saw is balanced when the gitl sits 0.86 m to the left of the balance point. The gravitational field strengthis 10 N/ kg. (i) Stata what is meant by the gravitational field strength Is 10 N/kg. tt (i) Calculate the mass of the brother. mass = 2 (iil) The girl and her brother slide equal distances along the see-saw away from each other. Describe and explain what happens.{b) Fig. 2.2 and 2.3 below illustrate the rest position and the displaced position of a toy. G is its centre of gravity. Fig, 2.2 Fig. 2.3 () Explain briefly why the toy retums to its rest position when displaced and reteased.3 5 Fig. 3.1 shows an elevator (it) that is supported by a cable. Fig. 3.1 (not to scale) ‘The cable passes around the axle of an electric motor and over a pulley. The cable is then attached to a concrete block that has the same mass. as the empty elevator. As the elevator moves up, the concrete block moves down. (a) Explain why very fle work is done by the electric motor when lifting up the empty elevator. Sle sane ive TunenerTTDE net CER Teneo Te ettew reson (2]) (b) Several people of total weight 4500 N are travelting upwards at constant speed in the elevator. They rise through a distance of 24 m in 28 s, Calculate the minimum power output of the electric motor. power: @ tee4 Fig. 4.1 shows a skydiver, of weight 700 N, falling towards the Earth at Constant speed, a long time after jumping from an aeroplane. At time ¢ = 0, he receives a radio signal. He opens his parachute 12 s later. Fig. 4.2 is the speedstime graph for the skydiver. 0 speed m/s 40 20 0. 6 5 15 20 5 20 timess Fig. 4.2 (a) (@ As he jumps from the aeroplane undergoing free-fall. tially, the skydiver is State what is meant by the skydiver is undergoing free-fall. (i) State the initial acceleration of the skydiver, as he initially jumps from the aeroplane. t(b) * State the size of the air resistance acting on the skydiver between t = 0 and t= 12s. a (©) Ashe falls at constant speed, his gravitational potential energy changes into another form. State the name ofthis other form of energy. — $$$. (1) (@) ()_ Using Newton's Laws of Motion, state and explain the effect on the motion of the skydiver of opening the parachute. (ii) As the skydiver is undergoing the motion as stated in (), according to Newton's Laws of Motion, the weight of the ‘skydiver is one of the two forces that form an action-teaction pair of forces, inthe space below, Hutte these two forces by dawg a pal of free-body diagrams. z F5 (a) Fig. 5.1 shows equipment placed on top of a house that uses solar | satay energy to produce hot water. ta coit bot water t coli cold water in 5 Fig. 5.1 () Explain why the solar collector has a black base. (i) State and explain why the hot water in'the solar collector travels to the hot-water tank.(b) One type of renewable eneray source is shown in Fig. 5.2. Fig. 5.2 (0) State the name of the renewable energy source shown in Fig. 6. (li) State what is meant by a renewable energy source. lt)10 6 Fig. 6.1 shows the arrangement of atoms in a solid block. cones +o oeeeee. Fig. 6.41 _ (@ End X of the block is heated, Energy Is conducted to end Y, which becomes warm. () Explain how heat is conducted from X to Y by the atoms. (0) The blocks heated and becomes a liquid, Deseribe the changes that occur to the arrangement and the motion of the atoms." 7 Fig. 7.1 shows a glass lens in alr and its two focal points Fy and Fe. jens ‘three tays Fig. 7.1 ‘Three rays of light pass through F; to the lens. (@) OnFig. 7.1, continue the three rays through the lens and into air. (2) {b) State what happens to the speed of light on ())__ entering the glass lens trom air, 1) (i) leaving the lens and returning to the alr. t) (2) Ute heving wavelength 0.080 nm travels nak at a epeed of 8.0 « 10° mis. (Calculate the frequency ofthis light frequency = t (i) Explain the effect, if any, on the frequency as the light enters the glass from air. tt12 A rmicrowave oven is rated at 650 W and is connected to a 230 V mains | pu. supply. ve (a) Calculate and suggest a rating of the fuse for use with this oven. fuse rating = _a (b) The insulation of the mains cable has worn away. The live wire touches the outer metal casing of the microwave oven. () Explain the hazard that results if the outer metal casing is not earthed. (i) Explain how connecting the earth wire to the outer casing and using a fuse of a suitable rating femoves this hazard.Section ad 2B 30 Name: Index Number: Class: ] WW CATHOLIC HIGH SCHOOL ¥ 4 Preliminary Examination 3 Secondary 4 PHYSICS ‘ 5059/02 Paper 2 Theory 15 September 2014 1 hour 45 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required, Section B ‘Answer all the questions in this section. Answer only one of the two alternative questions In Question 11. 9 Fig. 9.1 below contains data about a real transformer. The load resistor, connected to the secondary coll, is varied to obtain the readings. ‘column 1 2 3 4 5 6 z 8. primary | secondary | input | output | load | input | output | output tums | tens | vottage | vottage | resistance | current | current | power wv yo | ia | ya | iw Tow 1 | 120 | 240 | 600 | os7 | 30 | 116 | 057 | 099 [190-240 [6.00 | ~400|19.00| 0800.40 1.60 '3—[-120 | 240 [- 6.00 -6.00_[ 2000 “| 0.60” | 0.30 [1.80 4[ 120 [240 | 8.00] 7.20 | 300 [04s] 024 [178 =| 120| 249 | 6.00 | 7.66 | 350 | 044 | 022 |-167 & | 120 {240 | 6.00] 120 | verytarge | 0.00 | 0.00_| 0.00 Fig. 9.1 {@) (Inthe space on the following page, draw a labelled diagram of a transformer. Your diagram should show the structure of the transformer, the connection of a suitable power supply, the load resistor, meters that allow the measurements in columns 3, 4, 6 and 7 to be made. Label clearly each meter to show which measurement it makes, 5 ‘ioe14 (ii) Explain briefly how a transformer works. (©) (Explain the effect of increasing the load resistance on the output current. (i) State what effect increasing the load resistance’ has on 1. the Input current, ee |) 2, the output power, el Banners Gee15 (ce) . When the load resistor is 10.0 9, calculate the fraction of the input power that is wasted in the transformer, {fraction of input power wasted = tl (a) Discuss briety whether columns 1, 2, 3° and 4 suggest that the transformer is a step-up or a step-down transformer.10 (@) 6 Fig. 10.1 shows a design for a simple circuit breaker. Fig. 1041 () When there is a large current in the circuit, the circuit breaker + operates. Explain what happens to the soft-iron core, iron lever, spring and contacts. (ii) The current now stops. Explain what happens to the softiron core, ron lever, spring and ‘contacts, (il) State how the current is switched on again after the circuit breaker has operated. a Fe7 (b) A teacher sticks a magnet to the top surface of a match-box cover. The bottom surface is placed in a smal tray of iron paperclips. As the match- box cover is lifted up, a large number of paperclips are held on the bottom surface, as shown in Fig. 10.2. magnet pee smelal sheet ‘cover Fig. 10.2 Fig. 10.3, Sheets of metal are placed inside the match-box cover, between the ‘magnet and the paperciips, as shown in Fig. 10.3. () When a particular sheet X is placed inside, the paperclips stay attached. Suggest what metals the sheet X made from. t) (ii) When a particular sheet Y is placed inside, all the paperolips fall off. 1. Suggest what metal is the sheet ¥ made from. tl 2. By drawing the magnetic field lines of forces below on Fig. 10.4 below, explain why the paperclips fall off when sheet Y is placed inside, cohen ‘Spole rmatch-box, cover Fig. 10.4 2)18 11 EITHER (@) Describe how a simple hydraulic press works. In your account, + give alabelled diagram of the setup, + state the readings that are required, explain briefly the principle behind the simple hydraulic press. _. [4 (b) A student goes for a walk in the mountains. During a storm, she sees lightning strike a hillside in the distance. Several seconds later, she hears the thunder caused by the lightning. () Explain why she hears the thunder several seconds after she sees the lightning.19 (il). The student knows the distance to the hillside. She waits for lightning to strike the hillside again, Describe how she can determine a value for the speed of sound in air. (ili) The student is unsure whether the thunder she heard can be ‘considered as an echo or ultrasound. Explain the difference between an echo and ultrasound. (iv) After the storm, the student sees a rainbow. State the colours of the spectrum of the rainbow in order of increasing wavelength.11 OR @) 20 Describe an experiment to show the difference between an electrical insulator and an electrical condyctor. In your account, + give a labelled diagram of the setup, + explain what will be observed, + name one example of each.a (b) A 600 © resistor and a thermistor are connected in series with an ammeter and a 20 V dec. (direct current) power supply. A voltmeter is in parallel with the resistor. ‘The resistance of the thermistor decreases with temperature. Fig, 11.1 is the circuit diagram, Fig. 14.4 ‘The ammeter reads 0.025 A. 1 OnFl. 11.1, craw th crt eymbo! of themitor in the doted 5 0] (il) Calculate 1. the reading on the voltmeter, reading = __ til 2. the resistance of the thermistor, resistance22 (iii) The temperature of the thermistor increases, Explain what, if anything, happens to the ammeter reading and to the voltmeter reading. arot CATHOLIC HIGH SCHOOL ‘Secondary 4- Preliminary Examination 3 (2014) PHYSICS 5059 1.[¢]2 181% [AT 4 [eTs [816 [o| 7 18]a [8] 9 [ATI.[A ijehelehs te (4s lise (16 [8 li7[elte [otis | Al20.1b at [ 0 [2823.1] 24. [d [25.1 |26.1c}27.|c]28|A]29.[c | 30. [D 3t.)8 (92 [B}33.f al ad. [o}ss. [6136.16 | 37.18 136.18 139. [0] 40.[c T]@ [e-meVo (1000)¢459 1 9 5.) i 6 = (4.5 = 10° 100014.2)27 - 12) 0 £2635 x 10228: 10°J 2st) i) {i | Thermal energy is lost tothe surrounding ai” pool wale] Wes etc, tf (OR: Thermal energy is lost to evaporation} Z[G)_[M_| The gravitational fore acting per unit mass (OR parka) is ON. ii (i) [M= Fa aking tioments about the balance point, ‘Sum of anticlockwise moments = Sum of clockwise moments (650)(0.88) = W(t.1) => W = 430 N m W=mg => 490 = m({0)=>m= 43kq (2 si) fi) Ti) The see-saw rotates aniclockwise, iO} Both moments due to weighs of both persons increase, i The git's moment increases more. fa) BH [W| When displaced, the line of action of the weight ofthe Toy Nes within the base | [7] ‘area ofthe toy. (Or When displaced, there is a perpendicular distance between the line of action of weight andthe pivot) The weight of the toy thus provides a (clockwise) restoring moment about the | (1) pivot. T_| Stabie equitbrum. ia T [(@) | Theallng block loses GPE, andis converted to he GPE, ofthe levalortoma ft} (OR: Work is done by the motor to lit up the emply elevator! Weight of concrete biock provides the force to pull elevator) However the electic motor needs to do a litle work to overcome air resistance and | [1] {rcion in the moving parts, @) [P=Est=mgh +t (4900 x28) 828 = 117 6003 38 TT =4200W 281) | F[@ [| The skycivers faling wihout alr recletanes hitaly. tt (OR; The. skyciver is faling with constant (gravitational) acceleration (of 19 Wis) Only foree acting is weight) @_ [ome : i (B)_[700N fi {c)_| Thermal energy of ekydiver ar. (OF: KE_ of a) {i (@ [| The skyciver decelerates/ stows down, tt) ‘The air resistance on the skylver is larger than his weight. ti) Henoe by Newton's Second Law of Motion (Fma = ma), there is a negative | [1] resultant force acting downwards. (OR: Resultant force acting upwards.) i WT seer ey Fac on sves by Earth (Ore Welter std Fac on Earth by stysver (HOT ACCEPTED Wot Cath) ea@ 79 o {DO NOT ACCEPT: ‘Good emitters. __| Hence tie cold water in the solar colector is heated up faster by radiation. _| (i {| The hot water travels to the hot-water tank as convection currents occur due fa | [1] density diferences. When the cold water is heated, it ex the hotwater tank. [Note: The colder water at the top is denser and sinks to replace the heated hot water) ids, becomes less dense and rises to | [1] {o) ‘Geothermal, (i) itis an energy source that is infinite (OR: It wll not run out) (OR: Itis being replaced) (NOT ACCEPTED: It can be used agai’ recycled.) T@) |__| When end X is heated, the atoms at X vibrate more, 0) ‘Tho atoms at X then collide more frequently and harder with surrounding | [1] atoms. || [i)_[ The atoms move further apart Th (b) | Arrangement: The atoms are in irregular arrangement. (1) Motion: The atoms move randomly instead of vibrating). i) (OR: The atoms slide over each ot | @ ei {il) [The speed returns to the original value (8.0 x 10° m/s} | 1B) [The speed is reduced. (Note: Stating ‘the speed increases’ is insuiticiont.) {c) W_[ven faved = (80 x10) + (0.060107) =50<108H (2st) {Ty (i)_] The frequency remains the same, as the requency ofthe ight depends on the source. {ip fa) Vv cae ty ‘+ V= 650 +290 = 2.83 =2.8 A (25.4) Suggested ue rang 3. whole no) " (Note: Accept3 A OR 4 A.) ooo ® [@ | Thecasing becomes iver at high volage. i] When aperson touches the outer metal casing, he willbe electrocuted. fi Ti)_| The earth wire will allow any leakage current to flow to the earth, Oy : ‘The fuse wil melt and break the cirout _|tt @) | 0 Teminted el sioner x BN ee N e ae noet eee oa (i) [Analtemating current flows in the primary coll and a changing magnetic field is | [i] peecuca nthe kon core. ‘The secondary coil experiences @ change In magnetic flux linkages and an | {1} em, is induced in ®) [@ [Since IR, if the output vollage remains consiant, increasing R wil cause || [1] to decrease.TW [® [input curentwi decrease. (vote 2-12 = ia) inal 2. | Output power wil increase unt A = 20.0 0, then output power starts to | [i] decrease. (© | lapat power, P = IV = (080/600) = 48 W io ‘Output power = 1.60 W Fraction of input power wasted 21. SumBPeE | HE 967 2st) @ | Columns 1 & 2 suggest tis a step-up transformer. TW Golumns 3 & 4 suggest itis a step-up transformer only when load resistance is larger | 1] than 20.0 0. TLE) | [+ Solviron core: Becomes a sirongerelecvomagnet (OR: more magnetiseg) | [3] + ron ever: Atacted towards the soft iron core (by rotating clockwise). os + Spring: Puls the springy metal away ftom the contacts, : + Contacts: Becomes open. = (W [> Sottiron core: Becomes demagnetised a + Krontever: Falls back. « = + Spring: Remains In position (pulls the springy metal away from the contacts) + Contacts: Remains open. __ (ij_| The reset buttons pressed (towards the le. i BL_[_—[Ary non-magneticmalerial (e.g. copper ete) (i “i)_[1._| Any magnetic material (ron, steel, nickel or cobal). (i 2 ty 0m Sreobeth ea The magnetic field lines of forces will be concentated within’ flow sideways through the magnetic material (and be magnetically shielded from paper cps). Ter @) i) ‘+ Beasinas that are requ Poo Fie Ax where Px: Pressure at point Xin the liquid 0) Fg Force acting at piston 1 ‘Ag: Area of piston 1 + Principle: Pressure is transmitted to every part of the liquid and pressure at Y is equal to | (2) pressure atx ‘Singe P, = Py, hence Fis Ax = Fy + Ay Since Ay > Ax, therefore Fy > Fx Thus a Small force applied on a smalt piston is used to lit a larger load on a bigger piston. )_| 0)_| The speed of sound ic (much) less than the speed of faht i (| Measure the ime delay (between the fghining and thunder). (i) Divide distance by the time delay. th(ii) | Echo: Sound reflec Ty Unrasound: Sound with frequencies above the upper limit of the human range | 1] ‘of audibilty. _ {W) | Violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, red io) (NOTE: ROYGBIV ~ ‘ROY Gave Birth In Vain’ in reverse.) __ (@) [+ Setup: Ty Electrical circuit containing cell/ source, ammeter! lamp/ bell and component under test, connected in series. 4 component ° ncortest | ‘+ Observation and explanation: | Eg: The ammeter wil only show a reading when the electrical conductor is | [21 connected, This s because the resistance of electrical conductors ow enough forthe electtcal ccurent to flow through. | + One example of each: Elecisical conductor - any metal! carbon graphite, a |e Electrical insulator - e.g, plastic, paper, wood etc. oo a T._[VaIR = (0.025 (600) = SV sty = = hit 2. | Wacross thermistor =20- 18 = 5 V ti) Resistance of thermistor, R = V +15 +0025 = 200 2 (281) fa} {OR: Using potential divider, Ve Ve= Ry + Re 5415 =R, +600 Ry = 200 OQ) (i) | [Given Rieriu decreases with temp] TW 1. reading: Iereases. 2 & Overall resistance of circuit decreases (l= V + A) it) 2. Vera reading: Incceases. & Reza is constant and |increases (V = IR) JOR: AS Reman J20r0a865, Vem Jooteases ina potential divider circu.)