Project Management Course Objectives:
To understand the importance of project management in todays world.
To establish the importance of projects in implementing organization
strategy
To understand the rules for creating a Work Breakdown Structure for a
project
To demonstrate the importance of WBS to the management of projects and
how it serves as a database for planning and control
To develop a network diagram for a project
To understand why estimating project times and costs are the foundation for
project planning and control
To understand the intricacies of project earned value analysis
To illustrate approaches for risk identification, analysis, and assessment
To understand the procurement process and the risks involved in different
contracts
To identify key characteristics of a high-performance project team
To understand the critical success factors in project management
To understand project closure process
Pedagogy
The pedagogy would consist of a combination of interactive classroom
sessions, group exercises, role plays, project presentations and case
studies discussions.
Classroom Sessions: Every class session is suggested to have a 1.5 hour
duration. It will be power point presentation based, focus on elaboration of
key concepts and principles, and extensive illustration of their applications by
way of topical examples.
Group Exercises and Case Studies: The session will be supplemented with
a few group exercises and case studies to apply the theoretical concepts for
understanding practical situations.
PMI
Introduction - Project Management Fundamentals
Project Integration Management
Project Scope Management
Project Quality Management
Project Human Resource Management
Project Communications Management
Project Stakeholders Management
Syllabus
The Executive Programme in Project Management will comprise of the following key
modules.
Module I: Project Management Fundamentals
Project Management overview
Project Life cycle & Feasibility Analysis
Project Evaluation Techniques
Summary Illustrative Review Problems / Incidents
Module II: Project Network Techniques PERT/CPM
Project Planning & Scheduling
Project Work Breakdown Structure & networking
Project Network Techniques PERT / CPM
Time & Cost based calculations using PERT
Summary Illustrative Review Problems / Incidents
Module III: Project Resource Allocation & Risk Management
Project scheduling with Resources
Risk Identification, Management and Planning
Summary Illustrative Review Problems / Incidents
Module IV: Project Human Resource, Procurement & Materials
Management
Project Organization Structure
Leadership Style, Effective Project Teams
Managing Conflicts
Project Total Quality Management
Project Contract Management
Project Procurement & Materials Management
Summary Illustrative Review Problems / Incidents
Module V: Areas of Project Management
Scope
Time
Cost
Communication
Stockholders Management
Module VI: Computer Based Project Management
Project Scheduling
Project Monitoring & Control
Report Generation
What is a project?
Cement Project, power project, refinery project, fertilizer project, etc.
Term project is common - plants are not. In each case the project is for the
plant but as soon as the plant is operational, the project is deemed to be
completed.
Project for method improvement.
The explicit use of the term project is not always necessary - elections,
admission process, road-dam-building construction.
A project, therefore, is not a physical object, nor it is the end result it
has something to do with the going - on in between, which must be the
same, whether we build a high technology process plant or merely hold an
election, to deserve a common name and to be termed as a project.
A project is, thus, initiated to achieve the mission-whatever the mission may
be. A project is completed as soon as the mission is fulfilled.
A combination of human and non human recourses pooled together to in
a temporary organization to serve specific purpose.
A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product,
service, or result.
Operations is work done to sustain the business.
A project ends when its objectives have been reached, or the project has
been terminated.
Projects can be large or small and take a short or long time to complete.
A group of tasks (activities) performed within a definable time period
(schedule) in order to meet a specific set of goals/objectives
(performance) within a budget (cost plan)
A project generally exhibits most of the following conditions:
It is unique
A project is finite
Usually complex
A project is heterogeneous
Non-repetitive
Requires multiple resources from a finite resource pool
It is a one shot, time limited, goal directed, major undertaking, requiring the
commitment of varied skills and resources.
A project is defined to be a task which has a definite beginning-definite
end time and which consists of several activities or jobs.
Examples of projects include,but are not limited to:
Developing a new product or service
Effecting a change in structure, staffing, or style of an organization
Designing a new transportation vehicle
Developing or acquiring a new or modified information system
Constructing a building or facility
Building a water system for a community
Running a campaign for political office
Implementing a new business procedure or process
Various elements of project: Based on set of definitions
Projects
Projects
Projects
Projects
are complex, one time processes
are limited by budget ,schedule, and resources
are developed to resolve a clear goal or set of goals
are customer focused
Process
1. Repeat process or product
2. Several objectives
3. On-going
4. People are homogeneous
5. Systems in place
6. Performance, cost, & time known
7. Part of the line organization
8. Bastions of established practice
9. Supports status quo
Project
1. New process or product
2. One objective
3. One shot limited life
4. More heterogeneous
5. Systems must be created
6. Performance, cost & time less
certain
7. Outside of line organization
8. Violates established practice
9. Upsets status quo
Project management
is the application of knowledge, skills, tools,
and techniques (KSTT) to project activities to meet project requirements.*
Project Management are the management activities of planning, directing,
and controlling resources (???????) to meet the technical, cost, and
time constraints of a project.
Importance of PM??????
Fast technological changes: Electronic goods
Narrow product launch windows:
High entropy of system:Expasion
Short life cycle of products: s/w,moblile.
Globalization impact:BRICS
Large organizations
All lead to Customer Focus
Determinants of project success??????
Objectives of PM/ Determinants of project success
1. Scope-cricket, badminton, tennis players have boundaries. People live
in slums ( No of family, no of family members, their income, etc) .
2. Performance (technical)- Water treatment plant- to clean 10000
lts/day.
3. Time- a project has fixed time, completion should be in time.
4. Cost/ Budget- f(P,T,S)
5. Client acceptance
Key indicators of IT project success ???????
1.System quality- easy to use, and they supply quality information.
2.Information quality- the information generated by the implemented IT
project must be the info required by users and be of significant quality that
it is actionable.
3.Use- IT system must be, problem solving, decision aiding, and networking
mechanism.
4.User satisfaction- team must determine user satisfaction.
5.Individual impact- is decision making faster and more accurate. Is info.
more retrievable and more affordable, and assimilated.
6.Organisational impact- positive impact on entire organization.
Information Technology Project Success
Software & hardware projects fail at a 65% rate
Over half of all IT projects become runaways
Up to 75% of all software projects are cancelled
Average cost overrun is 45%; schedule overrun is
63%; with only 67% of originally contracted features
47% of IT projects delivered but not used, 29% paid
for but not delivered; 19% abandoned
Four Dimensions of Project Success
Benefits (organization)
Improved efficiency
Improved effectiveness
Increased profit
Strategic goals
Organization learning
Reduced waste
Benefits (stakeholders)
Satisfied users
Social and environmental impact
Personal development
Professional learning
Capital supplier
Project team
Impact on surrounding community
Understanding success criteria
Iron
triangle
Information
system
Benefits
(organization)
Benefits
( stakeholders)
Cost
Maintainability
Improved
efficiency
Satisfied users
Quality
Reliability
Time
Validity
Information
Quality
Use
Improved
effectiveness
Increased profit
Social and environmental
impact
Personal development
Strategic goals
Professional learning
Organization
learning
Reduced waste
Capital supplier
Project team
Impact on surrounding
community
What is a CMM in a project?????
Project Management Maturity Model:
PMMM allow an organization to benchmark the best practices of successful
PM firms.
Developing Project Management Maturity
Project management maturity models: 4 models
SEIs (Software Engineering Institute Carnegie Mellon University) capability
maturity model integration
Center for business practices
Kerzners project management maturity model
ESI (Education Service Institute) Internationals project framework
Development of PM maturity
PMMM allow an organization to benchmark the best practices of
successful PM firms
Level of sophistication is different - practices (Boeing, L&T)
Purpose of Benchmark- process improvements of project delivery
New org where to start?
MM provide necessary frame work to first, analysis and evaluate current
practices, and second compare them with chief competitor? Industry
standards, and third, define a systematic route for improving these
practices
MM- continuous improvement in practices, MM offer the template for
defining and then achieving such a progressive improvement.
MM chart both set of standards currently accepted and as well as
process for achieving significant movement towards these benchmarks.
Spider Web Diagram
Project Scheduling
4
Personnel Development for Projects
Structural Support for Project Management
Networking Between Projects
Project Stakeholder Management
Coaching, Auditing and Evaluating Proejcts
Control Practices
Ring level
Meaning
Not defend or poor
Defined but substandard
Standardized
Portfolio Management
Industry leader
Ring level
Meaning
Not defend or poor
Defined but substandard
Standardized
Industry leader
High
m aturi
ty
Institu
tionali
zed
seek
contin
ues
Moderate
maturity
impro
vem
en
Defined practices
t
Training program s
Organizational support
Low maturity
Ad hoc processes,
no com mon language,
little support
Overview of Project Management Knowledge Areas and
Project Management Processes
`
Success is contextual: Depends on
(1) Strategy
(2) Organizations culture and
(3) Structure
Project and organizational strategy: (strategic mgt) SM is the science of:
Formulating,
Implementing and,
Evaluating cross functional decisions that enable them to achieve its
Objectives.
SM consists of
Developing vision statement and mission statement: where you want
to be.
Formulating, implementing, and evaluating: based on SWOT, and
resources.
Making cross functional decisions: All the departments.
Achieving objectives: market leadership through cost, innovative
product, superior quality, other means.
Projects Reflect Strategy
Projects are stepping stones of corporate strategy
The firms strategic development is a driving force behind project
development
Some examples include:
A firm wishing to
may have a project
redevelop products or processes
to reengineer products or
processes.
to create new product lines.
changes strategic direction or product
portfolio configuration
improve cross-organizational
communication & efficiency
Strategy
to install an enterprise IT
system.
Project
Redevelopment of products for greater mkt. share
New business processes for greater streamlining
REP
REP
Creation of new strategic alliances
Improving cross org. communication
New distribution strategy
SCM
?????
???
Relationship of strategic elements: harmony
Mission
Objectives
Strategy
Goals
Program
Mission
The company is in business of supplying system components to
worldwide non residential AC mkt.
Objectives
15%ROI, Non decreasing dividends , More socially conscious image
Strategy
Focus on existing market and
products
Oppurtunities in foreign market
New Product line in existing
market
Goals
8% ROI
9% and So
on.
Program
Product cost improvement
program work Cap (WCIP)
Image Assessment Program
Product Development
Program
Organization structure consists of three key elements
1. Organizational structure (OS) designates formal reporting relationship,
including no of levels, span of control of managers and supervisors.
2. OS identifies the grouping together of individuals into departments and
departments into total origination.
3. OS includes the design of systems to ensure effective communication,
coordination, and integration of efforts across departments.
Project Family Tree
Plan
National/ Corporate plan with targets for growth.
Programme
Health programme, education programme, Sc&Tech. prog.
Project
Hospitals, schools, power plants
Work packages
Water supply & distn , power supply and distrn packages
Task
foundations.
Award of water supply contract, construction of
Activity
specs.
Excavation, laying of cable, preparation of drawings, and
Work Breakdown Structure
Hierarchical organization of work to be done on a project
Project broken down into modules
Modules subdivided into subcomponents, activities, and tasks
Identifies individual tasks, workloads, and resource requirements
Hierarchical organization of work to be done on a project
Project broken down into modules
Modules subdivided into subcomponents, activities, and tasks
Identifies individual tasks, workloads, and resource requirements
Forms of organizational structure
Internal and external organization environment?
Functional organization: grouping people performing similar activities
into departments
Project organization: grouping people into project teams on temporary
assignments
Matrix organization: companies are structured by creating a dual
hierarchy in which functions and project have equal prominence by
