Qt Essentials - Fundamentals of Qt Module

Training Course

Visit us at http://qt.digia.com
Produced by Digia Plc.
Material based on Qt 5.0, created on September 27, 2012

Digia Plc.

Module: Fundamentals of Qt
The Story of Qt
Developing a Hello World Application
Hello World using Qt Creator
Practical Tips for Developers

2/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Module Learning Objectives

Learn ...

... about the history of Qt

... about Qt's ecosystem
... a high-level overview of Qt
... how to create rst hello world program
... build and run a program cross platform
... to use Qt Creator IDE
... some practical tips for developing with Qt

3/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Module: Fundamentals of Qt
The Story of Qt
Developing a Hello World Application
Hello World using Qt Creator
Practical Tips for Developers

The Story of Qt

4/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Meet Qt
Qt Development Frameworks founded in 1994

Trolltech acquired by Nokia in 2008

Qt Commercial business acquired by Digia in 2011
Qt business acquired by Digia from Nokia in 2012
Trusted by over 6,500 companies worldwide

Qt: a cross-platform application and UI framework

For desktop, mobile and embedded development
Used by more than 350,000 commercial and open source developers
Backed by Qt consulting, support and training

See
Qt Services
.

The Story of Qt

5/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Qt is used everywhere

The Story of Qt

6/31

Fundamentals of Qt

The Qt virtuous cycle

.See Qt Licensing

The Story of Qt

7/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Why Qt
Write code once to target multiple platforms
Produce compact, high-performance applications
Focus on innovation, not infrastructure coding
Choose the license that ts you
Commercial, LGPL or GPL

Count on professional services, support and training

Take part in an active Qt ecosystem

.
.15 years of customer success and community growth

The Story of Qt

8/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Why Qt Commercial
Improved development tools for increased productivity and tangible

cost savings
Qt Commercial SDK
All Qt Commercial libraries and tools
Additional tools and components

Qt Creator Embedded Target

Deploy directly to embedded Linux target

RTOS toolchain integration

Visual Studio Add-On

The Story of Qt

9/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Qt5
Awesome graphics capabilities
OpenGL as a standard feature of user interfaces
Shader-based graphics effects in QtQuick 2

New modular structure

Qt Essential modules available on all platforms
Add-on modules provide additional or platform-specic functionality

Developer productivity and exibility

More web-like development with QtQuick 2, V8 JvaScript engine, and Qt

JSON DB
Cross-platform portability
Qt Platform Abstraction (QPA) replaces QWS and platform ports

The Story of Qt

10/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Qt5 Modules

The Story of Qt

11/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Qt5 Highlights
QtCore

JSON parser and speed optimized binary format for JSON

Compile time checked signal/slot connection syntax
New plugin loader - no need to load plugnis to see what they implement
Re-written QMap for optimized performance

QtGui

Printing and widgets moved into their own libs

Platform ports based on QPA
QApplication split into QApplication and QGuiApplication
QWindow to reprsent a top-level surface
Touch improvements (device capabilities like pressure)

QtQuick 2

Support for touch gestures

Locale API to QML
Particle system
RTL support

The Story of Qt

12/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Qt Demo
Let's have a look at the QtDemo Application
Comes with every Qt installation

Technology
Painting
Widgets
Widgets
Graphics View
OpenGL
WebKit

The Story of Qt

Demo
Demonstrations/Path Stroking
Demonstrations/Books
Demonstrations/TextEdit
Demonstrations/40.000 Chips
Demonstrations/Boxes
Demonstrations/Browser

13/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Module: Fundamentals of Qt
The Story of Qt
Developing a Hello World Application
Hello World using Qt Creator
Practical Tips for Developers

Developing a Hello World Application

14/31

Fundamentals of Qt

``Hello World'' in Qt

// main.cpp
#include <QtWidgets>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication app(argc, argv);
QPushButton button("Hello world");
button.show();
return app.exec();
}

Program consists of
main.cpp - application code
helloworld.pro - project le

Developing a Hello World Application

.Demo fundamentals/ex-helloworld

15/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Project File - helloworld.pro

helloworld.pro le
lists source and header les
provides project conguration
# File: helloworld.pro
SOURCES

= main.cpp

HEADERS +=
QT

# No headers used

= core gui widgets

Assignment to variables
Possible operators =, +=, -=
.See qmake tutorial Documentation

Developing a Hello World Application

16/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Using qmake
qmake tool
Creates cross-platform make-les

Build project using qmake

cd helloworld
qmake helloworld.pro # creates Makefile
make

# compiles and links application

./helloworld

# executes application

Tip: qmake -project

Creates default project le based on directory content
See
qmake Manual Documentation
.

Qt Creator does it all for you

Developing a Hello World Application

17/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Module: Fundamentals of Qt
The Story of Qt
Developing a Hello World Application
Hello World using Qt Creator
Practical Tips for Developers

Hello World using Qt Creator

18/31

Fundamentals of Qt

QtCreator IDE
Advanced C++ code editor
Integrated GUI layout and forms designer
Project and build management tools
Integrated, context-sensitive help system
Visual debugger
Rapid code navigation tools
Supports

multiple
platforms

Hello World using Qt Creator

19/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Overview of Qt Creator Components

Hello World using Qt Creator

20/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Finding Code -Locator

Click on Locator or press Ctrl+K (Mac OS X: Cmd+K)
Type in the le name
Press Return

Locator Prexes
: <class name> - Go to a symbol denition
l <line number> - Go to a line in the current document
? <help topic> - Go to a help topic
o <open document> - Go to an opened document

Hello World using Qt Creator

21/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Debugging an Application
Debug > Start Debugging (or F5)

Hello World using Qt Creator

22/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Qt Creator Demo "Hello World"

What we'll show:
Creation
of an empty Qt project
Adding

the main.cpp source le

Writing of

the Qt Hello World Code

Showing Locator Features

Running the application

Debugging the application
Looking up the text property of our button

Hello World using Qt Creator

23/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Module: Fundamentals of Qt
The Story of Qt
Developing a Hello World Application
Hello World using Qt Creator
Practical Tips for Developers

Practical Tips for Developers

24/31

Fundamentals of Qt

How much C++ do you need to know?

Objects and classes
Declaring a class, inheritance, calling member functions etc.

Polymorphism
That is virtual methods

Operator overloading
Templates
For the container classes only

No ...

... RTTI
... sophisticated templates
... exceptions thrown
...

Practical Tips for Developers

25/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Qt Documentation
Reference Documentation
All classes documented
Contains tons of examples

Collection of Howto's and Overviews

A set of Tutorials for Learners

Practical Tips for Developers

26/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Finding the Answers

Documentation in Qt Assistant (or QtCreator)
Qt's examples: $QTDIR/examples
Qt developer network: http://qt-project.org/
Qt Centre Forum: http://www.qtcentre.org/
KDE project source code
http://lxr.kde.org/ (cross-referenced).

Online communities
http://qt-project.org/wiki/OnlineCommunities

.
Use the source!
.
Qt's source code is easy to read, and can answer questions the reference
manual
cannot answer!
.

Practical Tips for Developers

27/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Modules and Include les

Qt Modules
QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets, QtXml, QtSql, QtNetwork, QtTest ...
.See Qt Modules Documentation

Enable Qt Module in qmake .pro le:

QT += network

Default: qmake projects use QtCore and QtGui

Any Qt class has a header le.
#include <QLabel>
#include <QtWidgets/QLabel>

Any Qt Module has a header le.

#include <QtGui>

Practical Tips for Developers

28/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Includes and Compilation Time

Module includes
#include <QtGui>

Precompiled header and the compiler

If not supported may add extra compile time
If supported may speed up compilation
Supported on: Windows, Mac OS X, Unix
See
qmake precompiled headers Documentation
.

Class includes
#include <QLabel>

Reduce compilation time

Use class includes (#include <QLabel>)
Forward declarations (class QLabel;)

Place module includes before other includes.

Practical Tips for Developers

29/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Questions And Answers

What is Qt?
Which code lines do you need for a minimal Qt application?
What is a .pro le?
What is qmake, and when is it a good idea to use it?
What is a Qt module and how to enable it in your project?
How can you include a QLabel from the QtGui module?
Name places where you can nd answers about Qt problems

Practical Tips for Developers

30/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Questions And Answers

What is Qt?
Which code lines do you need for a minimal Qt application?
What is a .pro le?
What is qmake, and when is it a good idea to use it?
What is a Qt module and how to enable it in your project?
How can you include a QLabel from the QtGui module?
Name places where you can nd answers about Qt problems

Practical Tips for Developers

30/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Questions And Answers

What is Qt?
Which code lines do you need for a minimal Qt application?
What is a .pro le?
What is qmake, and when is it a good idea to use it?
What is a Qt module and how to enable it in your project?
How can you include a QLabel from the QtGui module?
Name places where you can nd answers about Qt problems

Practical Tips for Developers

30/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Questions And Answers

What is Qt?
Which code lines do you need for a minimal Qt application?
What is a .pro le?
What is qmake, and when is it a good idea to use it?
What is a Qt module and how to enable it in your project?
How can you include a QLabel from the QtGui module?
Name places where you can nd answers about Qt problems

Practical Tips for Developers

30/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Questions And Answers

What is Qt?
Which code lines do you need for a minimal Qt application?
What is a .pro le?
What is qmake, and when is it a good idea to use it?
What is a Qt module and how to enable it in your project?
How can you include a QLabel from the QtGui module?
Name places where you can nd answers about Qt problems

Practical Tips for Developers

30/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Questions And Answers

What is Qt?
Which code lines do you need for a minimal Qt application?
What is a .pro le?
What is qmake, and when is it a good idea to use it?
What is a Qt module and how to enable it in your project?
How can you include a QLabel from the QtGui module?
Name places where you can nd answers about Qt problems

Practical Tips for Developers

30/31

Fundamentals of Qt

Questions And Answers

What is Qt?
Which code lines do you need for a minimal Qt application?
What is a .pro le?
What is qmake, and when is it a good idea to use it?
What is a Qt module and how to enable it in your project?
How can you include a QLabel from the QtGui module?
Name places where you can nd answers about Qt problems

Practical Tips for Developers

30/31

Fundamentals of Qt

 Digia Plc.
Digia, Qt and the Digia and Qt logos are the registered trademarks of
Digia Plc. in Finland and other countries worldwide.

Practical Tips for Developers

31/31

Fundamentals of Qt