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Notebook 4

This notebook entry describes key concepts in electric circuits including: Ohm's law which relates current, voltage, and resistance. A battery converts chemical energy to electrical energy to provide voltage. Capacitors can store electrical charges on insulated plates. Diodes only allow current to flow in one direction. Resistors reduce current flow. Transformers induce current in a secondary coil through a primary coil. Switches and circuit breakers interrupt circuits. Generators convert mechanical energy to electrical current through magnets and coils. Solar panels and atomic reactors also convert other forms of energy to electricity.

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33 views2 pages

Notebook 4

This notebook entry describes key concepts in electric circuits including: Ohm's law which relates current, voltage, and resistance. A battery converts chemical energy to electrical energy to provide voltage. Capacitors can store electrical charges on insulated plates. Diodes only allow current to flow in one direction. Resistors reduce current flow. Transformers induce current in a secondary coil through a primary coil. Switches and circuit breakers interrupt circuits. Generators convert mechanical energy to electrical current through magnets and coils. Solar panels and atomic reactors also convert other forms of energy to electricity.

Uploaded by

api-338661748
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Notebook #4: Electric Circuit

Sammy Puccini

Symbol/unit

Formula
V=IR
V- potential
difference in
volts
I- current in
amperes
R- resistance
in Ohms

Definition
Notes
Describes the
relationship
between current and
potential difference
as the current along
a conductor that is
proportional to the
potential difference

Voltage/electric
potential

Volt
V

Current

Ampere (amp)
A
1 ampere=1
coloumb/1second
Ohm
(ohmega)

1 volt= 1
joule/1
coulomb
6.24x10^18
electrons per
second pas ta
given point

The force of
strength of electron
flow
quantity or number
of electrons flowing

Does not have to be an


actual flow of current for
the difference to exist
Milliamperage is found
on almost all x-ray
machines

The amount of
opposition to the
current in the
circuit

Ohm is resistance to a
flow of current provided
by a column of mercury
106.3 cm long with a
diameter of 1mm62 at )
degrees celsius

Ohms law

Resistance

Battery

Capacitor

Diode

Convert chemical
energy to electrical

Farad
f

C= q/v
c- capacitance
in farads
q- charge on
either plate in
coulombs
v- potential
difference
between plates
in volts

Device capable of
accumulating and
storing an electrical
charge

Two insulated plates


with opposing charges
which is called dielectric

Rectifying
semiconductor,
made by
sandwiching a ptype crystal with an
n-type to form a p-n
junction

Electrons flow from the


n to the p side of the p-n
unction and conventional
electrical current moves
from the p to the n side

Protective devices

Fuses- if current exceeds


rating of fuse it blows,
circuit breakers- switch
off when overload
detected, residual current
device- detect current
imbalance

Resistor

Resist and reduce


flow of circuit

Transformer

Composed of two
coils placed near
one another.
Current supplied to
one coil, the lines
of force induced
will pass through
the other coil and
induce flow of
electrons
Interrupt flow of
circuit
Converts
mechanical energy
to electrical

Switch
Generator

Solar converters
Atomic reactors

Coil supplied with


current is primary, coil in
which current is induced
is secondary

Composed of conductor
and magnets

Convert solar
photons to electrical
energy
Convert nuclear
energy to electrical

References
Category, B. (n.d.). LATEST. Retrieved September 19, 2016, from
http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/digital/chpt-4/switch-types/
Electrical circuit protection explained. (n.d.). Retrieved September 19, 2016, from
http://www.diydata.com/electrics/fuses_mcb_rcd_rcbo/fuses_mcb_rcd_rcbo.php
Resistors. (n.d.). Retrieved September 19, 2016, from http://www.mouser.com/PassiveComponents/Resistors/_/N-5g9n

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