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/ 128
Mladen Engelsfeld 2 =
|ROUG
JNVERSATION
HRVATSKI U
RAZGOVORU Mladen Engelsfeld
CROATIAN THROUGH
CONVERSATION
HRVATSKI U
RAZGOVORU
Twelfth edition
Dvanaesto izdanje
©
Mozaik knjiga
GRUPA MLADINSKA KNJIGA PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION
The language course, Croatian Through conversation (third,
revised and enlarged edition), is designed for all those in
English-speaking countries, who want to acquire a basic
knowledge of contemporary spoken Croatian. A phrase-book
has been appended to help the tourist.
Croatian is the dominant spoken and literary language
in western Jugoslavia, including the world-famous Dal-
matian coast and Croatian Littoral. Dalmatia, expecially
Dubrovnik, Split: and Hvar, was the cradle of Croatian
literature, which has had a great and old tradition of five
centuries.
Croatian is not only the Language of the Croats in
Croatia; such language (ijekavian), with some differences,
is also spoken in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosna i Herce-
govina), Montenegro (Crna Gora) and western Serbia (za-
padna Srbija).
It is hoped therefore that this book will be useful both
lo potentially serious students of Croatian culture and lan-
guage and to curious and intelligent tourists. The lessons
consist of situations in which the learner or tourist may very
well find himself.
The book is published by Matica iseljenika Hrvatske
(The Emigrant Center of Croatia), which is interested in
giving people of our descent some information about the
language and country of their ancestors.
The author
Zagreb 1972. PREDGOVOR TRECEM IZDANJU PREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION
The great demand for beginners course in contemporary
literary Croatian written from the point of view of a foreign
language learner has necessitated this fourth and enlarged
edition of my language course Croatian Through Conver-
sation. However, I have always been aware that a complete
language course in contemporary Croatian for both native
and non-native speakers, would require 100-150 lessons,
and not 30, or only 24 short ones, as I was allowed to write
in the first edition of my course. A complete course in
Croatian, which could also serve as a guide through Croatian
culture, civilization and history, remains a task awaiting
some future writer.
Jeziéni tetaj Hrvatski u razgovoru (treée, prosireno i popra-
vijeno izdanje) namijenjen je svima onima iz zemalja engle-
skoga jezi¢nog podrugja koji Zele steci osnove suvremenoga
govornog hrvatskog jezika. Knjizi je pridodan rjetnik fraza
da pomogne turistu pri njegovu prvom susretu sa stranom
zemljom.
Hrvatskim govornim i knjizevnim jezikom preteZno se
govori u zapadnoj Jugoslaviji, ukljucujudi i u svijetu poznatu
dalmatinsku obalu i Hrvatsko primorje. Dalmacija, posebno
Dubrovnik, Split i Hvar, kolijevka je hrvatske knjiZevnosti
koja ima veliku i staru tradiciju od pet stoljeca.
Hrvatski jezik nije samo jezik Hrvata u Hrvatskoj;
takvim se jezikom, uz neke razlike, takoder govori u Bosni
i Hercegovini, Crnoj Gori i zapadnoj Srbiji.
Nadamo se da ¢e knjiga biti korisna potencijalno ozbilj-
nim prouéavateljima hrvatske kulture i jezika, a i radozna-
lom i inteligentnom turistu. Vjezbe se sastoje od situacija iz
svakidaSnjeg Zivota.
Knjigu je izdala Matica iseljenika Hrvatske, koja Matica
Zeli da ljudima naSeg podrijetla pruZi neka osnovna znanja
© zemlji i jeziku njihovih predaka.
The author
Zagreb 1981.
PREDGOVOR CETVRTOM IZDANJU
Velika potraZnja za poéetnicom suvremenoga hrvatskoga knji-
Jeynog jezika napisanom s gledista stranog utenika dovela
je do ovoga Getvrtog i prosirenog izdanja teCaja Hrvatski u
saeyovoru. Medutim, oduvijek sam bio svjestan Cinjenice da
hi cjelovit tetaj hrvatskog jezika i za domac¢eg i za stranog
\icenika zahtijevao 100-150 vjeZbi, a ne 30, ili samo 24 krat-
ke, koliko mi je bilo doputeno napisati u prvome izdanju.
( jelovit teéaj hrvatskog jezika, koji bi mogao posluZiti i kao
yodié kroz hrvatsku kulturu, civilizaciju i povijest, zadatak je
koji ofekuje buduceg pisca.
Autor
Zagreb, 1972.
Autor
/iyreb, 1981. PREFACE TO THE SEVENTH EDITION
The constant demand for this book has occasioned its
seventh impression. Some people use it for learning
Croatian, some for learning English. All of this proves that
there is some secret virtue in the book.
I feel great joy when people of Croatian descent or
people of foreign nationality tell me that they have learnt
Croatian from my language course. This makes me think of
writing another, thoroughly revised and enlarged edition,
in fact, of a completely new Croatian language course.
The author
Zagreb 1993.
PREDGOVOR SEDMOM IZDANJU
Neprestana potreba za ovom knjigom, dovela je, eto, i do
njezina sedmog izdanja. Nekima ona sluzi za uéenje hrvat-
skoga, nekima za uGenje engleskoga. Sve to dokazuje da
knjiga posjeduje i neke skrivene vrline.
Najvecu radost osjecam kada mi Ijudi hrvatskog podri-
jetla ili pak strani drzavljani kaZu da su hrvatski nauéili iz
mog udzbenika. I to me navodi na pomisao 0 novome, po-
pravljenom i proSirenom izdanju, zapravo, 0 posve novo-
me jezit¢nom te¢aju hrvatskog jezika.
Autor
Zagreb, 1993.
SADRZAJ (CONTENTS)
1. vjeZba (Prva vjeZba)
DOBRO JUTRO
1. The Latin Alphabet. 2. Accents. 3. Pronunciation. 4.
Vowels. 5. The vowel a. 6. The vowel 0. 7. Consonants. 8.
The vowel (consonant) r. 9. The consonant r used as a
vowel. 10. The consonant c. 11. The consonant z Exer-
cises.
2. vjezba (Druga vjeZba)
STO RADITE?
1. The vowel e. 2. The vowel u. 3. The vowel i. 4. The
consonant j. 5. The consonant d. 6. The consonant b. 7. The
consonant § 8. The consonant é 9. The consonant ¢ 10.
The consonant g. 11. The consonant ¢. 12. The consonant k.
Exercises.
3. vjezba (Treéa vjezba)
GOVORITE LI HRVATSKI
1. Adjectives. 2. The consonant p. 3. The consonant m. 4.
The consonant vy. 5. The consonant h. 6. The consonant 7.
7. The consonant s. 8. The consonant /. 9. The consonant z.
Exercises.
4. vjezba (Cetvrta vjezba)
DOLAZAK U ZAGREB
1, The Present Tense of the verb biti (to be). 2. TI (thou,
you) and vi (you). 3. Nouns. 4. Absence of the Article. 5
Pronouns. 6. The consonant d. Exercises.
20
31 5. vjeZba (Peta vjezba)
11. vjezba (Jedanaesta vjezba)
71
U HOTELU ,,ESPLANADE-INTERKONTINENTAL“
1. The Present Tense of the verb imati (to have). 2. Nouns.
3. Adjectives. 4. The conjunction i (and). 5. The conso-
nant dz. Exercises.
6. viezba (Sesta vjezba)
OBJED
1. Consonental changes. 2. Mobile a. 3. Prepositions (con-
tinued). Preposition na (on, for, in). Exercises.
12. vjezba (Dvanaesta vjeZba)
78
DORUCAK +n U PRODAVAONICI GRAMOFONSKIH PLOCA
1. Declension of masculine nouns. 2. The noun cvijece 1. The Present Tense of the verb SE et Oe eA poss
(flowers). 3. The Present Tense of the verb voljeti (to like). 4. sesive pronouns. 3. Prepositions (continued). Prepositio'
Adjectives. 5. Pronouns. 6. The consonant nj. Exercises. (about). Exercises.
"7. vjezba (Sedma vjezba) 13. yjeZba (Trinaesta vjeZba)
49 85
NA PUTU DO »MATICE« U BANCI
1. Plural of monosyllabic masculine nouns, 2. Mobile a. 1. The Present Tense of the verb modi (to be able). 2. Verbs
(repetition). Exercises.
8. vjezba (Osma vjezba) i
53 14. vjezba (Cetrnaesta vjezba)
HRVATSKA MATICA ISELJENIKA 91
U »SAMOBORCU«
1. Declension of feminine nouns, 2. Neuter nouns. 3. The
infinitive. Exercises. 1. Reflexive verbs. 2. Adjectives. Exercises.
9. vjeZba (Deveta vjeZba) 15. vjeZba (Petnaesta vjezba)
58 = 98
RAZGOVOR U »MATICI« NA BALKONU BAKINE KUCE
1. The Present Tense of the verb i¢i (to go). 2. Feminine 1. Indefinite adjectives. 2. Declension of indefinite adjec-
nouns. Exercises. tives. Exercises.
10. vjeZba (Deseta vjezba) 16. vjezba (Sesnaesta vjeZba)
65
U AUTOMOBILU
1. Declension of neuter nouns. 2. Adjectives. 3. Prepo-
sitions. Preposition u (in, to, into). Exercises.
eo 108
U PRODAVAONICI NARODNIH RUKOTVORINA
1. Declension of definite adjectives. 2. The usage of the in-
definite and the definite adjective. Exercises. 17. vjeZba (Sedaranaesta vjeZba)
U RESTORANU »LAVICA«
1. The Present Tense of the verb Ayjeti (to want, to wish for).
Exercises.
18. vjeZba (Osamnaesta vjeZba)
ISELJENICKI PIKNIK U SAMOBORU
1. Future Tense. 2. The interrogative conjunction zar. 3.
Prepositions (continued). Preposition za (for, behind).
Exercises.
19. vjeZba (Devetnaesta vjezba)
NA POVRATKU IZ KINA
121
1. Declension of feminine nouns (continued), 2. Prepo-
sitions (continued). Preposition iz (from). Exercises.
20. yjezba (Dvadeseta vjezba)
SETNJA SAMOBOROM i
1. The Perfect Tense of the verb biti (to be). 2. The active
past participle. 3. The pronouns one (they) i ona (they). 4.
The infinitive base. 5. Verbs with irregular participles. 6.
Prepositions (continued). Preposition do (to, as far as, till,
untill). Exercises.
21. vjezZba (Dvadeset prva vjezba)
IZLET U HRVATSKO ZAGORJE *
1. The use of the Perfect Tense. 2. The active past participles
of the verbs redi (to say) and jesti (to eat), Exercises.
22. vjezba (Dvadeset druga vjeZba)
NA BLAGAJNI KAZALISTA
1. Personal pronouns and the reflexive pronouns sebe or se.
2. The declension of personal pronouns and of the pronoun
sebe (se). 3. The Accusative singular of the personal pro-
nouns on and ona. 4. Prepositions (continued). The prep-
osition nasuprot (opposite, facing). Exercises.
23. vjeZba (Dvadeset treéa vjeZba)
NA OPERI U HRVATSKOM NARODNOM
KAZALISTU
1. Enclitics. 2. Order of unstressed personal pronouns und
the reflexive pronoun sebe used in the context. 4. The re-
flexive pronoun sebe or se. Exercises.
24. vjeZba (Dvadeset etvrta vjezba)
SETNJA GORNJIM GRADOM
1, Assimilation caused by j. 2. The adjective stem. 3. The
comparative. 4. The superlative. 5. Irregular adjectives. 6.
The declension of the comparative and the superlative. 7.
Than after a comparative or ‘superlative. 8. Prepositions
(continued). Preposition s, sa (with). Exercises.
25. vjeZba (Dvadeset peta vjeZba)
VOZNJA JADRANSKOM MAGISTRALOM
|. The Present Conditional. 2. Prepositions (continued).
Preposition kraj (near, beside). Exercises.
26. vjeZba (Dvadeset Sesta vjezba)
HRVATSKA BRATSKA ZAJEDNICA
1. Verbal aspect. 2. Imperfective and perfective verbs. 3.
Voiced and unvoiced consonants. 4. Consonental changes.
Exercises.
138
145
164 27. vjezba (Dvadeset sedma vjezba)
171
DUBROVNIK
1, The imperative. 2. Negative imperative. 3. The imperative
of reci (to say) and pomodi (to help). 4. The active past parti-
ciple of the verb ici (to go). 5. Adjectival adverbs. 6. Prepo-
sitions (continued). Prepositions od (from, of, than), kod
(at), duz (along), and osim (besides). Exercises.
28. vjezba (Dvadeset osma vjezba)
177
HOTEL ,,CROATIA* U CAVIATU
1. Affirmative and negative forms of the verb biti (to be). 2.
Demonstrative pronouns ovaj, taj and onaj_ Exercises.
29. vjezba (Dvadeset deveta vjezba)
183
OJ, BUDI SVOJ!
1. Four different stems of the verb biti (to be). 2. The
imperative of biti (to be). The possessive pronoun svoj, a, e.
4. The declension of the possessive pronoun svoj, a, e. The
word sam. Exercises.
30. vjezba (Trideseta vjezba)
189
DO VIDENJA IDUCE GODINE
PHRASE-BOOK FOR TOURISTS
(RJECNIK FRAZA ZA TURISTE)
1. GREETINGS — EVERYDAY EXPRESSIONS
— SHOPPING (POZDRAVI — SVAKIDASNIJI
IZRICAJI — KUPOVANIJE) 195
2. FOOD AND DRINK (HRANA I PICE)
In the restaurant: Breakfast, Lunch and Din-
ner (U restoranu: Dorutak, objed i vetera). 197
. IN THE HOTEL (U HOTELU) 203
4. IN THE BANK (U BANCI) 205
. TIME - THE DAYS OF THE WEEK - THE
NAMES OF THE MONTHS - SEASONS
AND POINTS OF THE COMPASS — THE
WEATHER (VRIJEME - DANI U TJEDNU
— IMENA MJESECI - GODISNJA DOBA I
STRANE SVIJETA — VRIJEME) 206
. NUMERALS (BROJEVI)
a) Cardinal Numerals (Glavni brojevi), b) Ordi-
nal numerals (Redni brojevi) 209
. Dictionary (Rjeénik) 213
. Index (Kazalo) 249 1. vjéZba (Piva vjézba)
DOBRG JUTRO
Mary: Dobro jiitro, djéco.
Jane: Dobro jutro, mama.
Joseph: Dobro jutro.
Edward: Dobro jiitro, tata.
Mary: Kako ste, djéco?
John: Dobro.
Jane: Vilo dobro.
Joseph: Std radite?
John: Ucimo.
Joseph: Sto?
John: Uvéimo hivatski jézik.
15
Words and phrases
prva (f.) — first
vjezba (f.) — lesson
dobro — good, well, fine
jutro (n.) — morning
dobro jutro — good morning
djeco — children; djeco is the vocative plural of the
word dijete (n.)
mama (f.) - mother
tata (m.) — father
kako ste? — how are you?
kako ste, djeco?
dobro
vrlo dobro
Sto?
Sto radite?
ucimo
hrvatski (m,)
jezik (m.)
ucimo hrvatski
jezik
— how are you, children?
— well, fine
— very well, just fine
— what?
— what are you doing?
— we are learning (studying)
— Croatian
— language
— we are learming Croatian Conversational expressions 4. Vowels
There are 5 vowels in the Croatian language: a, e, i, 0, u. The con-
sonant r may also be used as a vowel.
All the vowels are pronounced very clearly. The pronunciation of
the vowels is not affected by their position in the word or by the
stress of the word.
Remember: Jn Croatian there are no diphthongs.
dobro jutro
Sto radite?
ucimo hrvatski jezik
— good morning
— what are you doing?
— we are learning Croatian
Grammatical explanation
1. The Latin Alphabet
In the Croatian language there is one alphabet: the Latin. It is cal-
led abeceda or alfabet_
A,B, C, C, G D, DZ, D, E, FE, G, H, L, J, K, L, LJ, M,N, NJ,
OMP MR Sie Sault Un varzntze
In the Croatian language there are 5 vowels and 25 consonants.
Vowels: a, e, i, 0, u
Consonants: b, c, ¢, ¢, d, dz, d, f, g, h, ji, k, 1, Ij, m, n, nj, p, r,s, § t,
Vine
2. Accents
The Croatian accent system is not simple; in rural regions it is
especially complicated, involving word tone and vowel length after
the accented syllable. The accent can fall on any syllable, but
usually occurs on the first and only very rarely on the last.
For the sake of simplicity two accents are used in this book:
the short (*), e.g. djéco, and the long (’), e.g. Zagreb. The accent
makes the syllable on which it falls short or long. Short and long
syllables in Croatian roughly correspond to short and long syllables
in English, e.g.: 10k (m.) - onion, luk (m.) — bow, arch; fit (be the
right measure for), feet (plural of foot).
The sign — is used to denote the lenght of a vowel after the
accentuated syllable, e. g. razglédam (I am having a look
around).
3. Pronunciation
In the Croatian language almost every letter is pronounced. There
are no silent letters as in English.
Remember: Jn Croatian almost every letter is pronounced as it is
written.
5. The vowel a
The vowel a is similar to the first element of the English diph-
thong aw (out, shout). Vowel a is more closed than English a in
father and more open than English a in fat.
Exercises:
tata (father)
mama (mother) kava (coffee)
tama (darkness) ucenica (pupil)
Amerika (America) sad (now)
baka (grandmother)
kako (how)
17
6. The vowel o
The vowel o is similar to the first element of the English diph-
thong ou (know, though). The pronunciation of the vowel o is
somewhere between the corresponding vowels in the English
words hot and ought (roughly like American »ought«).
Exercises:
dobro (well, fine) kasno (late) more (sea)
ovo (this) soba (room) vino (wine)
ovdje (here) pod (floor) kako (how)
7. Consonants
lhe pronunciation of the consonant is approximately the same
is that of their English equivalents. The difference between Cro-
tian and English consonants is that the consonants in Croatian are
pronounced as they are written. 8. The vowel (consonant) r
Rolled or trilled r(prva, Zagreb) is pronounced like Scottish rin
berry; it is not like the English sound but more like the German 7;
it is trilled (rolled) with one »tap«. The tip of the tongue should
‘be pressed against the teeth ridge (the upper gum ridge). The
tongue vibrates against the teeth ridge.
Exercises:
prva (first) dobro (well, fine)
jutro (morning) raditi (to work)
vrlo (very) hrvatski (Croatian)
9. The consonant r used as a vowel
REVS
The consonant , may be used as a vowel when it occurs:
a) between two consonants e. g.
vrlo (very) krv (blood)
vit (garden) smrt (death)
prst (finger) trg (square)
b) initially, i. e. at the beginning of a word before
another consonant e.g.
rt (headland, promontory)
rda (rust)
rdav (bad)
10. The consonant c
C is always pronounced fs (cats, lots). It is never pronounced k o:
w
Exercises:
djeca (children) blagovaonica (dining—room)
crven (red) cvijece (flowers)
crn (black) starac (old man)
11. The consonant z
The consonant Z is pronounced like the s in measure or leisure.
Exercises:
vjeZba (lesson)
muz (husband)
Zivjeli (cheers)
Zena (woman)
Zeljeti (to want)
zedan (thirsty)
Exercises
Translate into Croatian:
1
Good morning.
. How are you?
. Very well.
. What are you doing?
. We are learning Croatian.
19 Jelite li?
cigareta (f.)
Yelite li cigaretu?
hesto
popiti
Zeolite li nesto
popiti?
2. vjéiba (Driga vjézba)
§TO RADITE? aeyrsno
pa
vi
ved
Dobar dan, djeco. pa vi veé
Svi: Dobar dan. fovorite hrvatski
Joseph: Sto rddite? da
Edward: Ucimo all
Joseph: Std cite? i : malo
Edward: Uéimo hivatski. Ucimo svaki dan. da, ali malo
Jane: Dobar dan. Dobro jutro. Dobar véter. Kako ste?
Sto radite? Laku ndéc.
Edward: —Izvolite sjésti. Jéste li dmorni?
John: Zélite li cigarétu? Zélite li n&Sto popiti?
Mary: Izvrsno, djéco. Pa vi véé govorite hivatski.
Da, ali malo. dobar dan
avaki dan
dobar veéer
liku noé
ievolite
Jelite li cigaretu?
Jolite li nesto
popiti?
malo
Words and phrases
druga (f.)
dobar dan
— second
— good day (literal translation); the Croats sa!
dobar dan practically the whole day except
early in the morning, when they say dobre
jutro, or in the evening, when they say do:
bro veée or dobar vecer or dobra vece (th
noun evening can be masculine (veter), fe
minine (veée) or neuter (veée)
do you want?; would you like?
— cigarette
— do you want a cigarette?
— something
— drink
— would you like something to drink?
— excellent
— then, so, and, but
= you
already
— but you already speak Croatian
~ yes
— but
— a little
— yes, just a little
Conversational expressions
— good day (literal translation)
— every day
— good evening
— good night
— please (do) sit down; take a seat, please
— do you want a cigarette?
- would you like something to drink?
21
—a little
Grammatical explanation
— all
— what are you learning (studying)?; ucite i
the second person plural of the verb wdéiti
(to learn, to study)
svi
Sto utite?
please (do) sit down; take a seat, pleas vie
are you tired?
izvolite sjesti
jeste li umomi? = —-
svaki — every
dan — day hed.
svaki dan ~ every day ‘a
dobar veéer — good evening Exercises:
laku noé — good night med (honey)
a (lesson)
djeca (children)
1. The vowel e
Ihe vowel e is similar to the English vowel e in words like men or
zena (wife)
sestra (sister)
uéenica (pupil) 2. The vowel u
The vowel u is similar to the corresponding English vowel in
words like room, two, new, or few. But it is shorter.
Exercises:
luk (onions)
student (student)
kruh (bread)
jutro (morning)
ucimo (we are learning)
umorni (tired)
3. The vowel i
The vowel / is similar to the corresponding English vowel in words
like she we or key. However, it is shorter.
Exercises:
l mi (we) izvolite (please)
pivo (beer) ucimo (we are learning)
| govoriti (speak) popiti (to drink)
4. The consonant j
The consonant j is always pronounced like the » in yes or you.
Exercises:
jutro (morning)
djeca (children)
jezik (language)
sjesti (to sit down)
jo8 (still)
lijepo (nice)
5. The consonant d
The consonant d is somewhat different from its English counter-
part. It is pronounced by pressing the tip of the tongue against the:
back of the upper teeth, and not against the teeth ridge (the upper
gum ridge) as in English.
Exercises:
dobro (well, fine)
djeca (children)
da (yes)
druga (second)
doruéak (breakfast)
gladan (hungry)
6. The consonant b
The consonant 6 is similar to the corresponding English consonant
in words like bell, bill, and book.
Exercises:
dobro (well, fine)
dobar dan (good morning)
Zagreb (Zagreb)
yjeZba (lesson)
brat (brother)
soba (recom)
7. The consonant §
The consonant § (sto) is pronounced sh (show, shed).
Exercises:
Sto (what)? —_ poSta (post-office)
Sest (six) Stap (walking-stick)
jo8 (still) naS (our)
8. The consonant ¢
23
The consonant ¢ is popularly called ard é (ucimo) and is pro-
nounced ch (archer, church). It is. pronounced with tongue pres-
sure against the teeth ridge (the upper gum ridge.)
Exercises:
ucimo (we are learning)
doruéak (breakfast)
€aj (tea)
Gist (clean)
sunéan (sunny)
ploénik (pavement)
9. The consonant ¢
The consonat ¢ is popularly called soft ¢ (Juranié, noé) and is pro-
ounced like ¢ in tne. More precisely, the sound ¢ is somewhere
between ch of chalk and ww of tune. To pronounce the sound cor-
tectly the tip of the tongue should be lightly pressed against the
front palate (gum).
Exercises:
noé (night) evijece (flowers)
veé (already) komadié (small piece)
kéi (daughter) kuéa (house) 10. The consonant g Exercises
The consonant g is similar to the corresponding English sound
It is pronounced like the g in get, and never like the g in gen ‘['ranslate into Croatian:
le. (D
ises: |. Good day. Good morning. Good evening. Good night.
Exercises: ). Take a seat, please. Are you tired?
druga (second) Zagreb (Zagreb) \, Do you want a cigarette? Would you like something to drink?
cigareta (cigarette) supruga (wife)
ae 4, But you already speak Croatian.
govoriti (to speak) grad (town) §, We are learning Croatian.
Translation from Lesson 1:
11. The consonant ¢ (1)
|, Dobro jutro.
The consonant ¢ in Croatian is not quite the same as its corre-§ ?. Kako ste?
sponding sound rin English. It is not pronounced with the strong }. Vrlo dobro.
puff of breath (aspiration) which is found in the English sound§ 4, Sto radite?
t. It is therefore less emphatic. 5, Utimo hrvatski.
Exercises:
jutro (morning) Sto (what)?
24 tata (father) Sto radite (what are you 25
doing)?
hrvatski (Croatian) neSto (something)
12. The consonant k
The consonant k is not quite the same as its corresponding soun
k in English. It is not pronounced with the strong puff of breat
(aspiration) often found in the English sound k. It is therefore less;
emphatic than in English.
Exercises:
kako (how)? laku noé (good night)
hrvatski (Croatian) svaki (every)
jezik (language) cigareta (cigarette) 26
Hismo umormi =
tizbudeni smo a
jer ei
sutra ct
3. yjeZba (Tré¢a vjézba)
putujemo =
jer sutra putujemo =
GOVORITE LI HRVATSKI? Zagreb ¢
wovorite li hrvatski? =
Dobar dan djéco. Kako ste? Sto radite? dit, malo 2
Dobar dain, mama. Kako si ti? Izvoli sjésti. povorim malo hrvatski —
Hvala, dobro. mnogo 7
inalo govorimo, mnogo
icimo
nisam a
tiybudena (f.) sam Bs
Sutra putujemo u Zagreb —
Dobar dan, mama, John, Edward i ja u¢imo hivat-
ski.
Dobar dan, mama. Kako si? Jési li tmorna?
A jési li ti tmoran? Johne i Jane, jéste li vi tmorni?
Nismo umorni, uzbudeni smo. — jer sutra putujem
u Zagreb.
Mary: Govorite li hrvatski. nas ic
Edward: Da, malo. Gdvorim malo hivatski. Malo govorimo,
mnogo U¢imo.
Mary: Nisam Umorna, uzbudena sam — jer sutra putujem:
u Zagreb. Nas Zagreb.
kuko si (ti)? =
iyvoli sjesti a
Word and phrases hivala, dobro -
jesi li (ti) umorna (f.)? -
treca (f.) — third jest li (ti) umoran (m.)? -
ti — you (thou); ¢i is the first person J !!8mo umom| ii
\izbudeni smo -
fovorite li hrvatski? =
da, malo fe
govorim (m.) malo -
hrvatski
Nisam =
‘\itra putujemo u Zagreb —
singular of the pronoun 4. It is
used in addressing relatives,
friends, and children.
how are you?
take a seat, please; izvoli is the
second person singular of the verb
izvoljeti, the form izvoli is used in
addressing close friends or rela-
kako si (ti)?
izvoli sjesti =
we are not tired
we are excited
because
tomorrow
we are travelling
because we are travelling
to Zagreb tomorrow
do you speak Croatian?
yes, a little
I speak a little Croatian
a lot
- we speak a little, we
learn (study) a lot
I am not
I am excited
we are travelling to Zagreb
tomorrow
our
Conversational expressions
how are you?
take a seat, please
thank you, very well; thanks, fine
are you tired?
are you tired?
we are not tired
we are excited
do you speak Croatian?
yes, a little
I speak a little Croatian
27
I am not
we are travelling to Zagreb
tomorrow
Grammatical explanation
tives.
hvala, dobro — thank you, very well; thanks, fine
i — and
ja -1
umoma (f.) — tired
jesi li umorna? — are you tired? Meecuiine
umoran (m.) — tired a
jesi li umoran? — are you tired? Jesi li umoran?
vi — you Da, umoran sam.
nismo — we are not Ne, nisam umoran.
1. Adjectives
Are you tired?
Yes, I am tired.
No, I am not tired. 28
Feminine
Jesi li umorna?
Da, umorna sam.
Ne, nisam umorna.
Are you tired?
Yes, I am tired.
No, I am not tired.
Plural
Jeste li umorni?
Da, umorni smo.
Ne, nismo umorni.
Are you tired?
Yes, we are tired.
No, we are not tired.
2. The consonant p
The consonant p in Croatian is not quite the same as its correspond:
ing sound p in English. It is not pronounced with the strong
puff of breath (aspiration) often found in the English sound p (pot
part, pipe). It is therefore less emphatic.
Exercises:
prva (first) lijepo (nice)
popiti (to drink) plav (blue)
prijatelj (friend) supruga (wife)
3. The consonant m
The consonant m (mama) in Croatian is similar to its corre:
sponding sound m in English (man).
Exercises:
mama (mother)
ucimo (we are learning)
umoran (tired)
malo (a little)
moj (my)
hvala vam (thank you)
4. The consonant v
The consonant v (prva) in Croatian is similar to its corresponding
sound v in English (vast).
Exercises:
vjezba (lesson) izvolite (please)
vrlo (very) veé (already)
veter (evening) govoriti (to speak)
5. The consonant h
\)e Croatian A is somewhat different from the English h. To pro-
‘ounce this sound, the student should prepare his organs of
apeech for the pronunciation of the English sound & and then let
ihe air »scrape« over the back of the tongue. The sound A is simi-
lar to its German equivalent in ach but it has much less force.
Exercises:
hrvatski (Croatian)
Hrvatska (Croatia)
Hrvat (Croat)
hotel (hotel)
hvala vam (thank you)
juha (soup)
6. The consonant n
he consonant n (dan) in Croatian is similar to its corresponding
sound vn in English (ton).
Exercises:
dan (day)
noé (night)
ne&to (something)
Zena (woman)
ucenica (pupil)
student (student)
29)
7. The consonant s
Ihe consonant s (svaki) in Croatian is similar to its corresponding
sound s in English (pass). It is always pronounced s (sir), and
Never z or sh.
Exercises:
svaki (every)
kako ste (how are you)?
sjesti (to sit down)
jeste li (are you)?
izvrsno (excellent)
hrvatski (Croatian)
8. The consonant /
The consonant / (lijepa) is similar to its corresponding sound /
(ight) in English. 30
Exercises:
laku noé (good night)
izvolite sjesti (take a seat, please)
Zelite li (do you want)?
malo (a little)
4, yjezba (Cétvrta yjézba)
jeste li (are you)? lijep (nice)
9. The consonant z
The consonant z (Zagreb) in Croatian is similar to its corre. plicpan:
sponding sound z (zip) in English.
Joseph:
Exercises: per
Zagreb (Zagreb) zaista (really) :
zima (winter) razgovarati (to talk) Jane:
dolazak (arrival) zato (therefore)
Exercises
Translation from Lesson 2:
Dobar dan. Dobro jutro. Dobar veter. Laku noé.
DOLAZAK U ZAGREB
Dobro dosli u_ Zagreb! Ja sam Stjgpan Kovatic, a
dvo je moj prijateli Ivan Jtranic.
Ja sam Joseph Smith, a dvo je moja Zéna Mary.
Drago mi je. Ovo su John, Edward i Jane. _
Ja sam John Smith, a ovo je m6j brat Edward. Ovo
sam) tigenica. John je stiident. Edward je tako-
der stiident.
Ovo je hotel »Esplanade—Intercontinéntal«. Izvolite
uci. 7
Hvala. Ovdje je vilo lijépo.
Jéste li umorni? Kasno je.
Da. timormi smo. Hvala vam. Do vidénja stitra.
Do vidénja. Laku noc.
31
Words and phrases
1.
2. Izvolite sjesti. Jeste li umorni?
3. Zelite li cigaretu? Zelite li neSto popiti?
4,
oF
Pa vi veé govorite hrvatski. ee (f)
Usimo hrvatski jezik. ppeba if)
dolazak (m.)
u
Zigreb
dobro do8gli
ji sam
i
ovo je
moj (ms.)
Prijatelj (m.)
moja (fs.)
Jona (£)
draigo mi je
eyo su
brat (m.)
4 a (f)
tucenica (f.)
student (m.)
— fourth
~ lesson
— arrival
- in
— Zagreb, capital of Croatia
— welcome
-Iam
— and
— this is
— my
~ friend
— my
— wife
— I am glad
— here are (literally: those are)
— brother
— sister
— pupil
— student 32
takoder — also, too
hotel (m.) — hotel
izvolite uci — please, con.z in
hvala — thank you
ovdje — here
ovdje je vrlo lijepo — it is very nice here
jeste li umorni — are you tired
kasno je — it is late
hvala vam — thank you
do videnja sutra — so long (till) to-morrow
laku noé - good night
Conversational expressions
dobro do$li — welcome
drago mi je — I am glad
izvolite uci — please, come in
hvala; hvala vam - thank you
kasno je — it is late
ovdje je vrlo lijepo - it is very nice here
do videnja — so long
laku noé = good night
Grammatical explanation
1. The Present Tense of the verb biti (to be)
Affirmative
Short Form
Singular Singular
ja sam jesam lam
ti si jesi you are
on je Jest he is
ona je jest she is
ono je jest it is
Plural Plural
mi smo jesmo we are
vi ste jeste you are
oni su jesu they are
Interrogative
Singular Singular
jesam li (ja)? am I?
jesi li (ti)? are you?
je li (on)? is he?
je li (ona)? is she?
je li (ono)? is it?
Plural Plural
jesmo li (mi)? are we?
jeste li (vi)? are you?
jesu li (oni)? are they?
Negative
Singular Singular
(ja) nisam I am not
(ti) nisi you are not
(on) nije he is not
(ona) nije she is not
(ono) nije it is not
Plural Plural
(mi) nismo we are not
(vi) niste you are not
(oni) nisu they are not
1. verb biti (to be) has two forms of the Present Tense, a Long
Poi and a Short Form.
Hie Long Form is more emphatic. It is used:
(1) When the verb occurs as the first word of the sentence
e.g.
Jesam li Ga) student?
Jeste li (vi) uéenica?
Joste li (vi) umorni?
(11) When the verb stands alone, usually in answer to a
question e.g.
Jeste li student?
Du, jesam.
Am I a student?
Are you a pupil?
Are you tired?
Are you a student?
Yes, 1 am.
33 Jeste li umorni?
Da, jesmo.
Are you tired?
Yes, we are.
The Short Form is used on all other occasions, especially in co!
versation.
2. Ti (thou, you) and vi (you)
Ti corresponds to the older English form thou or to the Frenel
form tu. It is used in addressing relatives, close friends, and chi
dren e.g.
Jane, jesi li (ti) uéenica? Jane, are you a pupil?
Johne, jesi li (ti) umoran? John, are you tired?
Vi 1s the polite form of address e.g.
Jeste li (vi) umorni? Are you tired?
3. Nouns
Masculine nouns usually end in a consonant e.g.
dolazak, Zagreb, prijatelj, brat, student, hotel.
Feminine nouns usually end in - a eg.
Zena, sestra, ucenica.
34
4. Absence of the Article
In Croatian there are no articles e.g.
On je student. He is a student.
Student je ovdje. The student is here.
5. Pronouns
moj (m.), moja (f£.) — my
masculine
moj prijatelj (my friend)
moj brat (my brother)
moj student (my student)
feminine
moja Zena (my wife)
moja sestra (my sister)
moja uéenica (my pupil)
6. The consonant ¢
Ihe consonant d (takoder) is pronounced like the dg in bridge.
Move precisely, the consonant d is somewhere between the dg bf
fyidge and dew of dew, To pronounce this sound, the student
‘ould lightly press the tip of the tongue against the lower tecth.
Exercises:
dak (pupil)
takoder (also)
do videnja (so long)
gospoda (lady, madam)
rodak (relative)
c predgrade (suburb)
1
Exercises (Vie7be)
Head and translate:
(hb
J) sum ucenica. Jesam li ja uéenica? Da, ja sam uéenica. Ti si uée-
Hew. Jesi li ti student? Ne, nisam. Ona je uéenica. Je li ona uéeni-
41) Da, ona je usenica. On je moj brat. Je li on moj brat? Da, on je
Jo) brat. Mi smo umorni. Vi ste takoder umorni. Jeste li vi umor-
i)’ Ne, mi nismo umorni. John i Edward su umorni. Jesu li oni
WHorni? Da, oni su umorni. Jane nije umorna. Je li ona umorna?
Me ona nije umorna. Stjepan i Ivan nisu umorni. Kasno je. Laku
Hu
35 36
5. yjezba (Peta vjezba)
U HOTELU »ESPLANADE-INTERCONTINENTAL«
Stjépan: Dobro jutro.
Joseph: Dobro jutro. Izvolite uci.
Stjepan: Ovo je mdja supruga Ana.
Joseph: Ovo je moja supruga Mary.
Ana: Drago mi je. Kako ste? _ i
Mary: Drago mi je. Vilo dobro, Ovdje je zaista lijépo. Ima-
mo divnu sdbu. Sdba ima vélik balkon.
Jane: Dobro jittro. |
Mary: Ovo je mdja k¢i Jane. :
Ana: Drago mi je, Jane. I ja imam kcér. Ona je jos
malo dijéte. A imam i sina.
Joseph: John i Edward jo3 su u krévetu. Oni su umorni.
Stjépan: A jedi li ti Umomna, Jane?
Jane: Ne, ja nisam tmorna.
Konobar: Molim, dorucak je gdtov.
Jane: Molim vas, Std imamo za dorucak?
Konobar: Za doruéak ima bijéla kava, kruh, maslac i dzém.
Své je na stolu.
Jane: Hvala vam. Ja sam gladna.
Words and phrases
peta (f.) — fifth
u hotelu — in the hotel
dobro (n.s.) — good
jutro (n.) — morning
dobro jutro — good morning
supruga (f.) — wife
kako ste? - how are you?
vrlo — very
vrlo dobro — very well
zaista — really
ovdje je zaista — it is really nice here
lijepo
mamo
ilivna (f.s.)
soba (f)
volik (m.s.)
Halkon (m.)
hei (f)
jos
Malo (n.s.)
ilijete (n.s.)
ali
|
i krevetu
tiMorna (f.s.)
Jonobar (m.)
Molim
dorutak (m.)
ilorucak je gétov
fiolim vas
Ho
‘io imamo za
torucak?
7 dorugak ima
Hijela (f.s.)
Kava (f)
Muh (m.)
Wislac (m.)
dem (m.)
ave
Mol (m.)
fii stolu
wlidna (£s.)
(lobro jutro
huko ste?
yilo dobro
Hvdje je zaista
vilo lijepo
(loruéak je gotov
Molim; molim vas
iolimo vas, Sto
imamo za doruéak
— we have
— beautiful, gorgeous
— room
— large, big
— balcony
~ daugther, kcer is the Accusative of kéi
— still
— small
— child
— but
— also, too, and
— in bed
— tired
— waiter
— please
— breakfast
— breakfast is ready
— please
— what
— what have we got for breakfast
~ breakfast consists of
— white
— coffee a7
~ bread
~ butter
— jam
— everything, all
table
on the table
— hungry
Conversational expressions
— good morning
— how are you?
— very well
— it is really very nice
here
— breakfast is ready
— please
— what have we got
for breakfast, please? 38
Grammatical explanation
1. The Present Tense of the verb imati (to have)
ima-ti — the infinitive i”
-ti — the ending of the infinitive
im- — the present tense base
Affirmative
Singular Singular
(ja) imam I have
(ti) imas you have
(on) ima he has
(ona) ima she has
(ono) ima it has
Plural Plural
(mi) imamo we have
(vi) imate you have
(oni) imaju they have
Interrogative
Singular Singular
imam li (ja)? have 1?
imaé li (ti)? have you?
ima li (on)? has he?
ima li (ona)? has she?
ima li (ono)? has it?
Plural Plural
imamo li (mi)? have we?
imate li (vi)? have you?
imaju li (oni)? have they?
Negative
Singular Singular
(ja) nemam I have not
(ti) nemas you have not
(on) nema he has not
(ona) nema she has not
(ono) nema it has not
Plural Plural
(mi) nemamo we have not
(vi) nemate you have not
(oni) nemaju they have not
2. Nouns
Masculine
Feminine | Neuter
Nom. sing.
Acc. sing.
Inanimate — Animate
balkon sin soba
9
balkon sina sobu es
Ihe Accusative is usually used after transitive verbs followed by an
Object.
I the masculine singular the Accusative is as the Nominative if
{he noun is inanimate but has the ending — a (the ending of the
Genitive) if the noun is animate e.g.
Nom. sing. Soba ima balkon The room has a balcony
Acc. sing. Imamo sina. We have a son.
1)) the feminine singular the Accusative is not like the Nominative
Op.
Nom. sing. Ovo je divna soba.
This is a beautiful room.
Acc. sing. Imamo divnu sobu.
We have a beautiful room
\\) the neuter singular the Accusative is like the Nominative e.g.
Nom. sing. Ovo je dobro dijete.
This is a good child.
Acc, sing. Tmate dobro dijete.
You have a good child. 40
The feminine noun k¢i (daughter) 1s regular, Acer is the Accusa-
tive of kci.
3. Adjectives
dobar (m.), dobra (f.), dobro (n.) — good
neuter
umorno dijete
masculine feminine
umoran sin umorna Zena
dobar brat dobra kéi dobro jutro
Sin je umoran. Zena je umorna. _Dijete je umorno.
Brat je dobar. Kéi je dobra. Jutro je lijepo.
4. The conjunction i (and)
The conjunction i may mean (I) and and (II) also, too e.g.
We have a son and a daughter.
(I) Imamo sina i k¢er. r 1
Brother and sister are tired.
Brat i sestra su
umorni.
(II) Imam i sina.
Ali imam i kéer.
I have a son too.
But I have also a daughter.
But I have a daughter too.
5. The consonant dz
The consonant dz (dzem) is a combination of the letters and
sound d and Zand is pronounced like the j in English words John,
jug, jam or job. The tip of the tongue should be pressed against the
upper teeth.
Exercises:
dzem (jam) bridz (bridge)
dZep (pocket) srdZba (anger)
udZbenik (text book) dzungla Gungle)
Exercises (VjeZbe)
oe the following sentences.
It is very nice here. We have a beautiful room. The beautiful room
has a balcony. I have a sister and Jane has a brother. I have a broth-
er too. A nice breakfast is ready. You have tea or coffee for break-
fast. They have a daughter Jane. And have you a daughter? No, I
have not. I have a brother and a sister. Have you (thou) a book?
Yes, I have a book.
(ID
She is still a small child. Edward and John are tired. Are they
tired? Yes, they are tired. Jane is not tired. She is hungry. The child
is hungry. Is the child hungry? Yes, it is hungry. The tired child is
hungry. I am not hungry. Are you (thou) hungry? No, I am not
hungry. Are you hungry? No, we are not hungry. We are tired.
Translation from Lesson 4:
1 ama pupil. Am I a pupil? Yes, I am a pupil. You are a pupil. Are
you a student? No, I am not. She is a pupil. Is she a pupil? Yes,
she is a pupil. He is my brother. Is he my brother? Yes, he is my
brother. We are tired. You are also tired. Are you tired? No, we are
not tired. John and Edward are tired. Are they tired? Yes, they are
lived. Jane is not tired. Is she tired? No, she is not tired. Stjepan
and Ivan are not tired. It is late. Good night.
41 6. viéiba (Sésta vjezba)
DORUCAK
Ana: Ovo je blagovadnica hotéla »Esplandde—Interconti-
néntal«.
Mary: Blagovadnica je lijépa, tdobna i svijétla. Ja volim
svjétlost.
Joseph: A gdjé su John, Edward i Jane?
Mary: “Oni su u vitu. Razglédaju vit i véliku terasu.
Jane: Mama, tamo je krdsan vit. Terasa je puna cvijéca.
I ovdje na stdlu je cvijéce.
Mary: TO su civeni karanfili. :
Edward: Jane, dvo je lijépa slika. T6 je slika jélena.
Stjépan: Doruéak je gotov. Izvdlite sjésti.
Joseph: Hvala vam. |
Konobar: Za doruéak ima bijéla kava ili mlijéko ili Gj.
42 Jane: Edvarde, voliS li bijélu kavu?
Edward: Da, volim bijélu kavu s komadiéem kritha, masla-
cem i dz@mom. To je kOntinentalni dorucak.
Joseph: Edward, o cému razgOvarate?
Edward: Razgdvaramo o doruéku. Ja yolim kéntinentalni
doruéak, ali i éngleski, Mdji prijatelji iz Njématke
vole kontinentalni dorucak.
Words and phrases
Sest (fs.) — sixth
blagovaonica (f.) — dining-room
lijep (m.), — nice, beautiful
lijepa (f.),
lijepo (n.)
udoban (m.), — comfortable, cosy
udobna (f.),
udobno (n.)
svijetao (m.), ~ light, bright
svijetla (1),
svijetlo (n.)
voljeti - to like
ja volim
svjetlost (f.)
gdje
gdje su?
vrt (m,)
razgledati
velik (m.),
velika (f.),
veliko (n.)
terasa (f.)
mama (f.)
tamo
krasan (m.),
krasna (f.),
krasno (n.)
pun (m.),
puna (f.),
puno (n.)
evijece (pl.)
terasa je puna
evijeca
ovdje
stol (m.)
na stolu
crven (m.),
crvena (f.),
crveno (n.),
crveni (m.pl.)
karanfil (m.)
ovo je
slika (£.)
lo je
jelen (m.)
sjesti
izvolite sjesti
bijeli (m.),
bijela (f),
bijelo (n.)
mlijeko (n.)
ili
taj (m.)
8, Sa
komadié (m.)
lo je
kontinentalni (m.),
kontinentalna (f.),
— I like
— light
— where
— where are?
— garden
— to have a look around, inspect
— big, large
— terrace
— mummy, mother
— there
— beautiful, handsome
— full
— flowers
— the terrace is full of flowers
— here
— table
— on the table 43
— red
— carnation
— this is
— picture
— it is
— deer, stag
— to sit down, to take a seat
— please do sit down
— white
= milk
~or
— tea
— with
— small piece
— this is kontinentalno (n.) — continental Inanimate (sofi) Animate (soft)
oO — about a ee
razgovarati — to talk Nskomedte mM prijatelj
o ¢emu — what are you talking about? G. komadié-a G. prijatelj-a
razgovarate? D: komadi¢-u D. prijatelj-u
o dorutku — about breakfast; note that be So e nee
there is no a between ¢ and k Pp eat Pp ari
engleski (m.), Sy I. komadié-em I. prijatelj-em
engleska (f.),
englesko (n,)
moji (m.pl. -m ; ; wit i
iz a = from In the masculine singular the Accusative is as the Nominative if
Njematka — Germany the noun is inanimate but as the Genitive if the noun is ani-
iz Njematke ~ from Germany mate.
In the masculine singular the Vocative ends in -e if the stem ends
in a hard consonant and in -u if the stem ends in a soft conso-
nant.
In the masculine singular the Instrumental ends in -om if the stem
ends in a hard consonant and in -em if the stem ends in a soft con-
Conversational expressions
izvolite sjesti — take a seat, please ;
o éemu razgovarate? — what are you talking about? oe.
Plural
Grammatical explanation Tanirnate, ‘Animate
. . N. karanfil-i N. jelen-i
1. Declension of masculine nouns G. karanfil-a G. jelen-a
u D. karanfil-ima D. jelen-ima
Nouns in Croatian have seven cases in both singular and plural. A. karanfil-e A. jelen-e
They are as follows: Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, V.. karanfil-i V. jelen-i
Vocative, Prepositional or Locative, Instrumental. P. karanfil-ima P. jelen-ima
Nouns may be classified as hard or soft according to the last con- L karanfil-ima I. jelen-ima
sonant of the stem. The noun is soft if the last consonant of the
stem is soft. The soft consonants are: c ¢ & 5, d, dz, Ij, nj, j. All Inanimate Animate
other consonants are hard. Ni komadicu N. prijatelj-i
G. komadi¢-a G. prijatelj-a
S inve uaa D. komadi¢-ima D. prijatelj-ima
oe B i A. komadié-e A. prijatelj-e
Inanimate (hard) ESAs (hard) V. komadié-i V. prijatelj-i
N. karanfil N. jelen P. i P. prijatelj-ima
G. karanfil-a G. jelen-a I. komadié-ima L_ prijatelj-ima
D. karanfil-u D. jelen-u
A. karanfil A. jelen-a
V. karanfil-e P. jelen-u The Genitive plural ending -a is always pronounced as a long
P. karanfil-u V. jelen-e vowel, thus distinguishing it from the -a ending of the Genitive
1. karanfil-om I, jelen-om singular, 2. The noun cvijece (flowers)
The noun cvijece is a collective noun. It is used only in the singular
e.g.
Cvijece je lijepo. The flowers are beautiful.
Cvijece je na stolu. The flowers are on the table.
3. The Present Tense of the verb voljeti (to like)
voljeti — the infinitive
-ti — the ending of the infinitive
vol- — the Present Tense base
Affirmative
Singular
Singular
46 (ja) volim I like
(ti) voli you like
(on) voli he likes
(ona) voli she likes
(ono) voli it likes
Plural Palais teal
(mi) volimo we like
(vi) volite you like
(oni) vole they like
Interrogative
Suineeeu last Singular
yvolim li (ja)? do I like?
voli li (ti)? do you like?
voli li (on)? does he like?
voli li (ona)? does she like?
voli li (ono)? does it like?
volite li (vi)?
vole li (oni)?
Ga)
(ti)
(on)
(ona)
(ono)
Plural
volimo li (mi)?
Negative
Singular Singular
ne volim I do not
ne volis you do not
ne voli he does not
ne voli she does not
ne voli it does not
(mi)
(vi)
(oni)
Plural Plural
ne volimo we do not
ne volite you do not
ne vole they do not
4. Adjectives
erven (masculine singular) — red
crveni (masculine plural) — red
Crveni karanfil je lijep.
Crveni karanfili su lijepi.
The red carnation is beautiful.
Red carnations are beautiful.
5. Pronouns
moj (masculine singular) — my
moji (masuline plural) - my
Moj je prijatelj iz Njemacke.
Moji su prijatelji iz Njemacke.
My friend is from Germany.
My friends are from Germany.
47 48
6. The tonsonant nj
The consonant vj is a palatalized or soft n. It is pronounced like the
ne in the English word news. To pronounce this sound, the stu-
dent should prepare his organs of speech for the pronunciation of
the y in year and then pronunce n; or, he should press the front
part of the tongue against the teeth ridge (the upper gum ridge)
and then pronounce n; the result will be the sound nj.
Exercises:
Njematka (Germany) treSnja_ (cherry)
njegov (his) njihov (their)
nosnja (costume) konj (horse)
Exercises
Translation from Lesson 5:
Ovdje je vrlo lijepo. Imamo lijepu sobu. Lijepa soba ima balkon.
Ja imam sestru, a Jane ima brata. I ja imam -brata. Dobar doruéak
je gotov. Za doruéak imate €aj ili kavu. Oni imaju kéer Jane. A
imate li vi k¢er? Ne, nemam. Ja imam brata i sestru. Ima li knji-
gu? Da, ja imam knjigu.
ad
Ona je jo’ malo dijete. Edward i John su umorni. Jesu li oni
umorni? Da, oni su umorni. Jane nije umorna. Ona je glad-
na. Dijete je gladno. Je li dijete gladno? Da, ono je gladno.
Umorno dijete je gladno. Ja nisam gladan. Jesi li ti gladan?
Ne, ja nisam gladan. Jeste li vi gladni? Ne, mi nismo gladni.
Mi smo umorni.
7. yjéZba (Sédma yjézba)
NA PUTU DO ,,MATICE“
Mary: Kako je vani lijépo i stinéano! Kako je ovdje since
toplo. Volim stince i toplinu. I mj miz voli stince
i toplinu. -
Joseph: Grad Zagreb vilo je Cist. Néki gradovi nisu tako
Gisti. London, na primjer.
Stjépan: Zato je to nas bijéli Zagreb.
John: Gosp6édine Kovagiéu, kakav je 6vo spOmenik?
Stjépan: To je spomenik kralja Tomislava. Kralj Tomislav
prvi je hivatski kralj. Nastiprot spomeniku je k0-
lodvor. Nédaleko od kolodvora je posta. To je nova
zgrada.
Edward: Tata! Plavi tramvaj!
Ana:- To je naS zagrebatki tramvaj. Plava boja bdja je
Zagreba.
Jane: Tata! Gdspoda s maékom! A tko je 6naj starac sa
Stapom na ploéniku?
Joseph: To je stari gospddin, a ne starac. Mnogi stari_ |judi
imaju Stap. Gospoda s bijélim matkom je Engles-
kinja. Stari gdspodin je Englez. Oni razgovaraju na
éngleskom.
Words and phrases
sedma (f.) — seventh
put (m.) — way
na putu — on the way
do = lis)
Na putu do Matice - on the way to »Matica«; »Matice« is the
kako
vani
lijepo
Genitive of »Matica« (f.); »Matica« is
the shortened name of the association
»Matica iseljenika Hrvatske« (The Asso-
ciation of emigrants from Croatia)
— how
— outside
— nice
49 ce a on = that
toplo warm. starac (m.) — old man
si ere S, Sa — with
erie a a te Stap (m.) — stick, walking-stick
a (m.) — husband ere) oqpavement
aad an ae star (m.), stara (f.),
ist (m.), dista (f), ~ clean surod(n) — old; stari is the definite form of star
| (m.), a (f.), ne — not
ee (n.) eres ljudi (pl.) = people, judi is the irregular plural of
tako aie dO: Engleskinja (f) Sone
sie ‘ ! Engleskinja (f. ~ Englishwoman, English lady
oe aa - pian for instance ao ~ Englishman
i mes Re. f na engleskom ~ in English
coo (on) Tamu aeauae gentleman oni razeovata na = they talk in English
ee 3 engleskom
spomenik (m.) — monument fren ie .
kakay je ovo — what sort of a monument is this? see roaltlo probably
spomenik? : 2
ral Gre) ere Conversational expressions
Tomislav — Tomislav, the name of the first Ry
Croatian king kakav je a0 what sort of a monument is this?
R Fos spomeni
. first Fi f
pa is ITs} Oni tazgovaraju na — they talk in English
ane (n) engleskom 51
hrvatski (m.), Croatian
hrvatska (f.),
hrvatsko (n.) Grammatical explanation
nasuprot — opposite
kolodvor (m.) — railway-station .
nedaleko od — not far off (away) from 1. Plural of monosyllabic masculine nouns
Y,
posta (f.) — post-office ‘ .
nov (m.), nova (f.), - new Most monosyllabic masculine nouns form their plural by inserting
novo (n) the infix -ov or -ev between the noun and the plural ending -i. The
zerada (f.) ~ building infix -ov is added to hard stems and the infix -ev to soft stems (i.e.
tata (m.) ~ daddy, father lo stems ending in one of the following consonants: c, 6 é 5, d@
d’, Uj, nj, j). Such nouns are declined regularly in the singular.
!xamples: grad (town), muzZ (husband), stol (table), Stap (stick).
plav (m.), plava (f.), — blue; p/avi is the definite form of play
plavo (n.)
tramvaj (m.) — tram, street-car
zagrebacki (m.), — Zagreb
zagrebatka (f.),
zagrebatko (n.)
Singular
zagrebatki tramvaj - Zagreb tram
boja (f.) — colour
gospoda (f.) — lady
matak (m.) — male cat, tom-cat
tko who ed
A. grad A muda
V. grad-e ¥. muz-u
P. grad-u P. muz-u
I. grad-om I. muz-em
Plural
Hard Soft
N. grad-ov-i N. muzZ-ey-i
G. grad-ov-a G, muzev-a
D. grad-ov-ima D. muz-ev-ima
A. grad-ov-e A muz-ev-e
V. grad-ov-i V. muzev-i
P. grad-ov-ima Ee muz-ev-ima
J. grad-ov-ima I. muz-ev-ima
2. Mobile a
There are many words in Croatian which have the vowel a be-
tween the last two consonants, e.g.: starac, matak. The vowel is
inserted between the last two consonants so that such words can
be pronounced easily. As this a appears only in some forms of the
same word, it is called mobile a. It often occurs in the Nominative
‘singular and the Genitive plural of some masculine nouns.
Singular Plural
N. starac N. stare-i
G. starc-a G. starac-a
D. starc-u ete. D. starc-ima etc.
‘Tajnik:
Stjépan:
Tajnik:
Joseph:
Tajnik:
Mary:
Tajnik:
John:
PAjnik:
8. vjézba (Osma vjézba)
HRVATSKA MATICA ISELJENIKA
Débro désli u »Hivatsku maticu iseljenika«. Dé-
bro dééli u Zagreb.
Ovo je géspodin Joseph Smith, a ovo je gdspoda
Mary Smith.
Ja sam tajnik »Hivatske matice iseljenika«. Mdje
je ime Pétar Markovié. Izvolite éi u méj ured.
Ovo je moj sin John, advo je Edward. Ovo je md-
ja kéi Jane.
Izvolite sjésti.
Imate zaista lijépu zgradu. U zgradi je posvuda
cvijéce.
TO je naSa nova zgrada. Kraj zgrade je nova kén-
certna dv6rana. ;
Zagreb je vélik miziéki céntar. Dvorana izgleda za-
nimljivo. ,
Zélite li likéra, vérmuta, rakije? Ovo je podznati
liker »Maraschino«. Rakija je hivatsko nacionalno
pice. Ovo je domaéa rakija, Sljivovica. Izvolite i
cinu_ kavu.
Jé li t6 turska kava?
Da, t6 je tirska kava. A sada: Zivjeli!
Ziyjeli!
I joS j¢dnom: ddbro dé8li u »Hivatsku maticu ise-
ljenika«! Dobro dodli u Zagreb!
Words and phrases
Hama (£)
- eighth
Watien (f.) — queen bee, mother bee, hive, bee-hive —
this is the literal translation of the word
matica; in the name »Hrvatska matica
iseljenika« the word matica iz used as a
metaphor and means: centre, core, pith
teeljenik (m.) — emigrant
Tryiataka
(f) — Croatia
HVitwki, a, oO — Croatian
53) 54
Hrvatska matica
iseljenika
tajnik (m.)
gospodin (m.)
gospodin
Joseph Smith
gospoda (f.)
gospoda
Mary Smith
ime (n.)
udi
izvolite u¢i
u
ured (m.)
izvolite uci u moj
ured
posvuda
na§ (m.), naga (f.),
nage (n.)
pokraj
koncertni (m.),
koncertna ({.),
kKoncertno (n.)
dvorana (f.)
koncertna dvorana
muzicki (m.),
muziéka ({.),
muziéko (n.)
centar (m.)
izgledati
zanimljiv (m.),
zanimljiva (f.),
zanimljivo (n.)
yZelite li likera?
liker (m.)
vermut (m.)
rakija (f£.)
poznat (m.),
poznata (f.),
poznato (n.)
nacionalan (m.),
nacionalna (f.),
nacionalno (n.)
pice (n.)
domaéi (m.),
domaéa (f.),
domaée (n.)
— Croatian Heritage Foundation
- secretary
— mister; sir (in address)
— Mr. Joseph Smith
— lady; madam (in address)
— Mrs. Mary Smith
— name
— to come in
— please come in; will you please come in
— in
— office g
~ will you please come into my office
— everywhere, all over
— our
— beside, near
- concert
— hall
— concert hall
— musical
— centre
— to look
— interesting
— would you like a liqueur?
— liqueur
— vermouth
— brandy
~ well-known
— national
— drink
~ home-made
Sljivovica (f.) =
izvolite i crnu =
kavu
je li to? =
turski (m.), -
turska (f.),
tursko (n.)
kava (f.) -
sada =
Zivjeli -
SVL a
jos jednom -
plum-brandy
please have some black coffee too
is this?
Turkish
coffee
now
cheers
all
once more
Conversational expressions
izvolite uéi
Zelite li likera,
vermuta, rakije?
je li to turska kava?
jo& jednom
please come in; will you please
come in
would you like a liqueur, a ver-
mouth, a brandy?
is this Turkish coffee?
once more
55
Grammatical explanation
1. Declension of feminine nouns
Most feminine nouns end in -a. In this declension there is no dis-
linction between hard and soft stems nor between animate and
inanimate nouns. Examples: Zena (woman), gospoda (lady), dvo-
tana (hall), rakija (brandy), kava (coffee).
Singular
Zena
Zen-e
Zen-i
zen-u
Zen-o
Zen-i
zen-om
=3