QBank/Biology Form 4

CHAPTER 1
Objective questions
1. Botany is the study on
A microorganisms
B animals
C ecosystem
D plants

2. When formulating a hypothesis, it must be

A accurate
B testable
C observable
D comparable

3. What is the step after planning the experiment?

A Controlling the variables
B Conducting the experiment
C Making a hypothesis
D Collecting data

4. Which of the following can be used to present data?

I Graph II Table
III Chart IV Diagram
A I and III only
B I, II and IV only
C II, III and IV only
D I, II, III and IV

5. When drawing a graph, the y-axis represents the

A fixed variable
B manipulated variable
C responding variable
D controlled variable

6. Which of the following is the correct sequence after conducting an experiment?

A Collect data interpret data analyse data
B Analyse data collect data interpret data
C Interpret data collect data analyse data
D Collect data analyse data interpret data

Subjective Questions
Section A

1. Diagram 1 shows parts of the steps involved in the scientific method.

1
Identifying a problem P Planning the experiment Controlling the variables Q
Diagram 1
(a) Identify steps P and Q. [2 marks]
(b) (i) List the three types of variables when conducting an experiment. [2 marks]
(ii) Explain briefly each type of variable. [3 marks]
(c) A pupil would like to investigate the effect of light intensity on photosynthesis.
(i) Identify the problem statement in this experiment.
[1 mark]
(ii) What hypothesis will be formulated by the pupil?

[1 mark]
(iii) List two science process skills needed by the pupil when carrying out this experiment. [2 marks]
(d) List two scientific attitudes the pupil needs to have when conducting an experiment. [2 marks]
 CHAPTER 2
Objective Questions
1. The diagram shows a plant cell.

Structure X is the
A nucleus
B chloroplast
C mitochondrion
D vacuole

2. Which of the following organelles controls the activity of the cell?

A Nucleus
B Golgi body
C Mitochondrion
D Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

3. The diagram shows a cell.

Which of the following organelles is found in abundance in the cell shown?

A C

B D

4. The diagram shows a type of tissue taken from the human body.

Which of the following organs has this type of tissue in abundance?

A Heart
B Stomach
C Lungs
D Brain

5. The diagram shows a type of plant tissue.

 The tissue is adapted for
A photosynthesis
B gaseous exchange
C transport of food
D transport of minerals

6. Which of the following are chemical factors of the internal environment?

I Blood pressure
II pH
III Osmotic pressure
IV Concentration of glucose
A I and III only
B II and IV only
C I, II and III only
D II, III and IV only

Subjective Questions
1. Diagram 1.1 shows organelles P, Q and R in an animal cell.

R
Q

Diagram 1.1
(a) Name the organelles labelled Q and R.

[2 marks]
(b) (i) State the function of organelle P. [1 mark]
(ii) Explain the abundance of organelle P in muscle cells. [2 marks]
(c) Diagram 1.2 shows an organelle, X, present in a green plant cell.

Organelle X

Diagram 1.2
(i) Identify organelle X. [1 mark]
(ii) Explain why organelle X is present in abundance in the palisade mesophyll cells. [2 marks]
(iii) If there is no organelle X in plant cells, explain what happens to herbivores. [2 marks]

2. (a) Diagram 2.1 shows two cells, X and Y.

 Cell X Cell Y

Diagram 2.1
Identify cell X and cell Y, giving the differences between them. [4 marks]

(b) Diagram 2.2 shows a plant cell, P and an animal cell, Q.

Cell P Cell Q

Diagram 2.2
 Explain why cell P is different from the typical plant cell and cell Q is unlike the usual animal cell. [4 marks]

CHAPTER 3
Objective Questions
1. The diagram shows a model of the plasma membrane. Which of the following labelled structures A, B, C or D in the
carrier protein?

B C D

2. Which of the following diagrams shows the observation made after a red blood cell is immersed in 0.5 M salt solution?
A C

B D

3. Which of the following diagrams shows the appearance of a plant cell after it is immersed in distilled water?
A
B

D
4. The diagram shows the observation made on a plant cell after it is immersed in two different solutions, P and Q.
 Solution P Solution Q

0.5 M sucrose solution

Which of the following solutions may be solutions P and Q?

Solution P Solution Q
A Distilled water 1.0 M sucrose solution
B 0.3 M sucrose solution 0.7 M sucrose solution
C 0.8 M sucrose solution Distilled water
D 1.0 M sucrose solution 2.0 M sucrose solution

5. The diagram shows the observation made after a strip of mustard stem is immersed in two different solutions, 1.0 M
sucrose solution and distilled water.
Outer
epidermis

Inner cut part Process X Process Y

Which of the following is true about processes X and Y?

X Y
A Plasmolysis Deplasmolysis
B Deplasmolysis Plasmolysis
C Crenation Plasmolysis
D Plasmolysis Haemolysis

6. The diagram shows an osmometer.

Level P

0.3 M 0.1 M sucrose solution

sucrose
solution
 What happens to level P if 0.1 M sucrose solution is replaced with 0.01 M sucrose solution?
A Decreases
B Increases
C Remains the same
D Increases then decreases

Subjective Questions
1. Diagram 1 shows a model of the plasma membrane.
S

P
R
Q

Diagram 1
(a) Identify the labelled structures P, Q, R and S. [3 marks]
(b) (i) Give two examples of molecules which can pass through R. [1 mark]
(ii) Explain the process that occurs in R. [2 marks]
(c) What is the function of P? [1 mark]
(d) Explain the role of Q in the transport of substances across the plasma membrane. [3 marks]
(e) Based on the model of the plasma membrane, explain the function of the plasma membrane. [2 marks]

Section B
2. (a) Diagram 2 shows the condition of a plant cell which is immersed in a 30% sucrose solution and distilled water.

30% sucrose solution Distilled water

Diagram 2

Explain the observation made in the 30% sucrose solution and distilled water. [8 marks]
(b) A pupil puts red blood cells into two different salt solutions, 0.05 M sodium chloride solution and 0.35 M sodium
chloride solution. Explain the condition of the red blood cells in each sodium chloride solution.
[8 marks]
(c) Mangoes can be preserved using sugar and vinegar. Strawberries can be cooked to make strawberry jam to enable
it to be preserved. Explain. [4 marks]

Written practical
1. A fruit seller puts the cut pieces of guava in water to maintain its freshness but this may cause the guava to lose its
sweetness. Therefore, the fruit seller has to determine the concentration of a solution which is suitable to use. Based on this
information, design a laboratory experiment to determine the concentration of a solution which will maintain the freshness
and sweetness of cut fruits. Using a suitable plant tissue, plan your experiment. The planning of your experiment must
include the following:
Aim of experiment
Problem statement
Statement of hypothesis
Variables
List of materials and apparatus
Technique used
Method
Presentation of data
Conclusion


CHAPTER 4
Objective Questions
1. The diagram shows different structures of an organic compound, X.

What is compound X?
A Protein
B Lipid
C Carbohydrate
D Nucleic acid

2. Which of the following are lipids?

I Steroids
II Waxes
III Glycogen
IV Phospholipids

A I and II only
B III and IV only
C I, II and IV only
D II, III and IV only

3. Which of the following graphs shows the effect of enzyme concentration on the activity of enzymes?
A Rate of
C
reaction
Ra
te
of
re
act
ion

Enzyme concentration Enzyme concentration

B Rate of D Rate of
reaction reaction
 Enzyme concentration Enzyme concentration

4. The diagram shows the basic structure of a chemical compounds, Y.

What is chemical compound Y?

A Carbohydrate C Protein
B Water D Nucleic ac
5. The diagram shows a graph drawn after an experiment is carried out.
Rate of
reaction X
 0 35 Temperature(C)

What happens at X?
A Enzymes are inactive.
B Substrate concentration is too low.
C Enzymes are overworked.
D Enzymes begin to denature.

6. The diagram shows a set-up of an experiment to study the effect of pH on enzyme activity.

Thermometer
37C

Water 1 ml of pepsin solution

bath +
5 ml of albumen suspension
 After 10 minutes, the content in the test tube remains cloudy. Which of the following steps can be carried out so that a
clear solution is observed?
A Increase the temperature to 45C
B Add 10 ml of albumen suspension
C Add 1 ml of 0.1 M dilute hydrochloric acid
D Add 1 ml of 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution

Subjective Questions
Section A
1. Diagram 1 shows a process in the formation of fats.
X Y Z

Condensation

+ + 3H2O

Hydrolysis

Diagram 1
(a) Name the molecules X, Y and Z. [2 marks]
(b) State the differences between saturated fats and unsaturated fats. [3 marks]
(c) Fats and oils are examples of lipids.
(i) What is the difference between fats and oils? [1 mark]
(ii) List two other examples of lipids. [1 mark]
(iii) Explain the function of the examples listed in (c)(ii). [2 marks]
(d) How does the secretion of sebum from the skin protect the skin? [2 marks]

Section B
2. (a) Diagram 2 shows the structures of proteins.

Diagram 2
(i) Describe the structures of the proteins shown. [6 marks]
(ii) State the difference between essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids. [2 marks]
(b) We are advised to drink 8 glasses of water per day. Discuss the importance of water to the body. [12 marks]

Written practical
1. An enzyme functions based on the lock and key hypothesis. The active site in which reaction is catalysed may be
altered due to temperature and pH. Design an experiment to study the effect of pH on an enzyme activity. The
planning of the experiment should cover the following aspects:
 Objective of study
Problem statement
Statement of hypothesis
Variables
List of apparatus and materials
Method
Communication of data
Conclusion [17 marks]
 CHAPTER 5
Objective Questions
1. The diagram shows a cell cycle.

Which stage is represented by X?

A G1 phase
B S phase
C G2 phase
D Mitosis

2. The diagram shows a cell undergoing mitosis.

How many chromosomes does the daughter cell have at the end of the cell division?
A 2
B 4
C 8
D 16

3. The diagram shows a stage of mitosis.

Which of the following statements is not true?

A The parent cell has four chromosomes.
B The cell is at metaphase stage.
C The daughter cell has eight chromosomes.
D Division of this cell results in new cells for growth.

4. The diagram shows a cell during anaphase I of meiosis.

Which of the following is not a daughter cell after cell division is completed?
A C
 B D

5. The diagram shows a cell during metaphase I.

How many chromosomes are there in each daughter cell at the end of the division?
A 2
B 4
C 8
D 16

6. The diagram shows a daughter cell X obtained after cell division is completed.
 Cell X

Which of the following is true about cell X?

A Cell X is found in meristematic cells.
B The parent cell of cell X has 4 chromosomes.
C Cell X is a result of mitosis.
D Cell X is a gamete.
Subjective Questions
Section A
1. Diagram 1 shows the stages in mitosis.

P Q Process
P
 Stage I Stage II Stage III Stage IV

Diagram 1
(a) Name stage I to stage IV.
Stage Name of stage
I
II
III
IV
[2 marks]
(b) (i) Draw stage II. [2 marks]
(ii) Describe what happens in stage II. [1 mark]
(c) (i) Describe the process after stage IV. [1 mark]
(ii) What is the difference between process P in a plant cell and an animal cell? [1 mark]
(d) State the importance of mitosis. [3 marks]

Section B
2. (a) Diagram 2 shows two stages in meiotic cell division.

Stage I Stage II
Diagram 2
Describe the processes involved in stage I and stage II. [7 marks]
(b) Explain the differences between mitotic cell division and meiotic cell division. [8 marks]
(c) Explain the importance of
(i) meiosis in producing orchid plants
(ii) mitosis in producing many identical plants at one time
[5
marks]
 CHAPTER 6
Objective Questions
1. An experiment was carried out to determine the energy value of a food sample. The following data was recorded.

Volume of water used = 20 cm3

Mass of food sample = 1.5 g
Initial temperature of water = 2.8C
Final temperature of water = 88C
Specific heat capacity of water = 4.2 J g1C1

Calculate the energy value of the food sample.

A 189 J g1
B 378 J g1
C 1050 J g1
D 3360 J g1

2. An experiment was carried out to determine the concentration of ascorbic acid in a sample of lime juice. It was
found that 2.4 cm3 of lime juice was needed to decolourise 1 cm3 of DCPIP solution. 1.2 cm3 of 0.1% ascorbic acid
was needed to decolourise 1 cm3 of DCPIP solution. The concentration of ascorbic acid in the sample of lime juice
is
A 0.3 mg cm3
B 0.5 mg cm3
C 2.0 mg cm3
D 5.0 mg cm3

3. Which of the following is the result of lack of calcium in the diet?

A Rickets
B Pellagra
C Scurvy
D Anaemia

4. The diagram shows part of the human alimentary canal.

B
A

Which of the labelled parts A, B, C or D does the initial digestion of lipid take place?

5. The diagram shows part of the human alimentary canal.

Which of the following takes place in X?

A Absorption of water
 B Absorption of faeces
C Assimilation of absorbed nutrients
D Digestion of maltose

6. Light energy absorbed during photosynthesis is used to

A break down oxygen molecules
B split water molecules
C reduce carbon dioxide molecules
D synthesise glucose

7. The diagram shows a chloroplast.

C
A

Which of the parts A, B, C or D does dark reaction of photosynthesis take place?

Subjective Questions
Section A
1. Diagram 1 shows the human digestive system.

Diagram 1
(a) Choose the letter that labels the part where each of the following reaction takes place.
(i) Protein polypeptides
(ii) Lipid fatty acids glycerol [2 marks]
(b) (i) State the projections found in T. [1 mark]
(ii) State the process which occurs in the projections in T. [1 mark]
(iii) List two characteristics of the projections found in T. [2 marks]
(c) (i) What is the function of U? [1 mark]
(ii) What is the role of U in the process of defaecation? [1 mark]
(d) A patient suffering from stones in the organ Q has organ Q removed due to extensive damage in Q. What suitable
advice would you give to the patient regarding his diet and give reasons for your advice? [2 marks]
Section C
2. The table shows the types of food taken by Fatimah for lunch.
 Rice 1 plate
Boiled vegetables 1 scoop
Boiled egg Half egg
Plain water 1 glass
(a) State whether Fatimah is eating a balanced diet. Give your reasons. [2 marks]
(b) Explain how an unbalanced diet may cause health problems to a person. [12 marks]
(c) Describe what happens to the rice taken by Fatimah. [6 marks]

Written Practical
1. Good eating habits involve wisely choosing the type of food we eat taking into consideration the
total energy per serving.
Plan a laboratory experiment to investigate the energy value in two food samples. Your experimental
planning should include the following:
Statement of problem Technique used
Objective of study Procedure
Variables Presentation of data
Statement of hypothesis Conclusion
List of materials and apparatus [17 marks]
 CHAPTER 7
Objective Questions

1.
Glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water + energy

Which of the following is true on the above equation?

A Aerobic respiration in plants and animals
B Anaerobic respiration by yeast
C Anaerobic respiration by plants
D Anaerobic respiration in muscle tissue

2. Why does a person suffer from muscle cramps during intense exercise?
A Rat of transport of carbon dioxide is too slow
B Production of ethanol in the muscles
C Accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles
D Supply of oxygen is higher than demand of oxygen in the muscles

3. The diagram shows the human respiratory system.

Q
R

Which of the following represents P, Q and R

P Q R
A Bronchus Bronchiole Alveolus
B Bronchiole Trachea Lung
C Trachea Bronchus Alveolus
D Trachea Bronchiole Alveolus

4. Which of the following take place during inhalation?

I Outer intercostals muscles relax.
II Rib cage moves downwards.
III Volume of thoracic cavity increases.
IV Diaphragm muscles contract.
A I and II only
B III and IV only
C I, II and III only
D II, III and IV only

5. The diagram shows gaseous exchange between the blood capillary and the body cells.
Y

Z
 Blood
flow
Body cel
X

B
l
o
o
d

c
a
p
i
l
l
a
r
y
Which of the following represents the partial pressure of oxygen in X, Y and Z?
X Y Z
A Low High Low
B Low High High
C High Low Low
D High High Low
6. The graph shows the relationship between the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed and produced by a plant with light
intensity.

Absorption of
CO2 increases
X

Light
intensity

Release of
CO2 increases

Which of the following happens at ?

A No net gain or loss of carbon dioxide
B Photosynthesis reaches maximum rate
C Optimum light intensity for photosynthesis
D Rate of respiration exceeds rate of photosynthesis
Subjective Questions
Section A
1. Diagram 1 shows the human respiratory system.

Diagram 1
 (a) Name the parts labelled P and Q. [2 marks]
(b) Structure Q ends in numerous air sacs. Draw an air sac with its surrounding capillary. [2 marks]
(c) (i) State the process in which gaseous exchange takes place between the air sacs and blood capillary. [1 mark]
(ii) State two adaptive characteristics of the air sac which enable the process mentioned in (c)(i)
to function efficiently. [2 marks]
(d) Explain how gaseous exchange takes place across the air sac and the blood capillary. [4 marks]

Section B
1. (a) A student experiences fatigue and pain in his muscles after running the 200 m race. Explain why. [4 marks]
(b) State the differences between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration. [10 marks]
(c) Explain how oxygen is transported from the lungs to the body cells. [6 marks]

Written Practical
1. Yeast is used in the wine-making and bread-making industries through the fermentation process.
Plan a laboratory experiment to investigate the production of alcohol and carbon dioxide using the fermentation process
by yeast.
The planning of the experiment should include the following aspects.
Statement of problem
Objective of study
Variables
Statement of hypothesis
List of materials and apparatus
Technique used
Procedure
Presentation of data
Conclusion
[17 marks]
 CHAPTER 8
Objective Questions

1. The diagram shows a type of relationship between organisms X and Y.

Organism X is known as
A an epizoic
B an epiphyte
C a parasite
D a saprophyte

2. The diagram shows a food chain.

Producer 10 000 kJ X Y Z

If 90% of energy is lost from one trophic level to the next trophic level, how much energy is received by consumer
Z?
A 10 kJ
B 1000 kJ
C 9990 kJ
D 9000 kJ

3. The diagram shows the population of two organisms, P and Q.

Number of
individuals

Q
 Time
Which of the following represents P and Q?
 P Q
A Plants Cows
B Sharks Remora fish
C Eagles Rabbits
D Rats Owls
4. Which of the following plants succeeds the pioneer species in an abandoned mining pond?
A Hyrilla
B Uticularia
C Lemna
D Fimbristylis

5. The diagram shows a profile of mangrow swamp.

Sea level during hightide

Sea P

Which of the following are the roots of plants in zone P?

A C

B D

6. The diagram shows the classification hierarchy.

Kingdom P Q Order R Genus Species
Which of the following reprsents P, Q and R?

P Q R
A Family Class Phylum
B Class Phylum Family
C Phylum Family Class
D Phylum Class Family

7. Which of the following diseases are transmitted through air?

I SARS
II Pneumonia
III Cholera
IV Chicken pox
A I and IV only
B II and II only
C I, II and III only
D I, II and IV only
Subjective Questions
Section A
 1. Diagram 1 shows two types of microorganisms.
Nucleus

Bud

Chloroplast
X Y
Diagram 1
(a) Name the type of organisms in Diagram 1.
X:
Y: [2 marks]
(b) Explain briefly the method of feeding of organisms X and Y.
X:
Y: [2 marks]
(c) State how organism X reproduces. [1 mark]
(d) Explain the effect of light intensity on organisms X and Y. [2 marks]
(e) Organism X is useful in the food industry. Explain by giving examples. [3 marks]

Section B
2. (a) Diagram 2.1 shows an organism P.
Cell wall

DNA

Flagella
Organism P

Diagram 2.1
Explain the role of organism P in the food processing industry and in the field of medicine. [7 marks]
(b) Diagram 2.2 shows three types of interactions between organisms. Describe the interaction shown by organisms
X, Y and Z. [13 marks]

Organism X

Organism Z
Tree Organism Y
Cra
b
Nodules

Diagram 2.2
Written Practical
1. A housewife found that bread turns mouldy faster at room temperature compared to if it is kept in a refrigerator.
Based on this information, design a laboratory experiment to investigate the effect of temperature on the activity of
a microorganism, using a named example. The planning of your experiment must include the following aspects:
Statement of problem
Objective of study
Variables
Statement of hypothesis
List of materials and apparatus
Technique
Procedure
Presentation of data
Conclusion
[17 marks]
 CHAPTER 9
Objective Questions
1. An increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can lead to
A an increase in the rate of photosynthesis on plants
B a decrease in the transport of oxygen in the human body
C an increase in the atmospheric temperature
D a decrease in the penetration of ultraviolet radiation

2. The diagram shows a human activity near a residential area.

What are the pollutants found in this area?

I Mercury
II carbon dioxide
III Nitrates
IV Smoke
A I and III only
B II and IV only
C I, II and III only
D II, III and IV only

3. Which of the following is the cause of melting of polar ice caps?

A Global warming
B Thinning of the ozone layer
C Water pollution
D Discharge of sewage

4. An increase in thermal pollution causes

A an increase in aquatic organisms
B a decrease in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
C an increase of algae in lakes and ponds
D a decrease in dissolved oxygen in the water

5. Which of the following are effects of deforestation?

I Flash floods
II Soil erosion
III Eutrophication
IV Global warming
A I and II only
B III and IV only
C I, II and IV only
D II, III and IV only

6. The loss of biodiversity is due to

A preservation efforts
B deforestation activities
C greenhouse effect
D restoration programmes
 Subjective Questions
Section A
1. Diagram 1 shows a map of an area.

Vegetable
farms

Sewage treatment
Pond X plant
Z
Housing area

Factory
Y

Diagram 1
(a) State the main problem faced by residents in housing area Y. Give reasons. [2 marks]
(b) The pond is covered with algae and can hardly find any fishes. Explain why. [2 marks]
(c) It is suggested that a school be built at X.
(i) Is it a good suggestion?
(ii) Give reasons for your answer. [2 marks]
(d) The sewage treatment plant breaks down and discharge from the treatment plant enters the river at Z. Describe the
effect of this incident on the organisms in the liver. [3 marks]
(e) A student collected rain water from this area and is found to be acidic. Suggest the cause of this and explain the
effects of acid rain on the vegetable farms. [2 marks]

Section C
2. (a) Diagram 2 shows human activities carried out in an area.

Housing area

Factory

Diagram 2
Describe the activities carried out in the area shown in Diagram 1 and the effects of the activities on human health
and the ecosystem. [15 marks]
(b) Development projects must not be carried out if the environment is to be sacrificed. Suggest how development
projects can be carried out bearing in mind the need to protect the environment. [5 marks]

Written Practical
1. The headmaster of a school wants to find out the air pollution level in places around his school. Design an experiment
that can be carried out to compare the amount of air pollutants in different places around the school.
Your experimental planning needs to include the following aspects.
Aim of study
Problem statement
Statement of hypothesis
Variables
List of materials and apparatus
Technique used
Experimental procedure
Communication of data/Observation
Conclusion
[17 marks]
R spiration
e
Chap
ter 8

.

Chap
ter 9