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99C Silent Letters

The document discusses silent letters in English words. It notes that while pronunciation has changed over time, spelling has remained the same. Several common silent letters are identified, such as 'b' in combinations like 'bomb' and 'debt', 'd' in 'badge', 'k' in words starting with 'kn', 'n' in combinations like 'autumn', and 'p' in words starting with 'ps'. Silent 'h' is also discussed in contexts like after 'r' in 'rhythm' and between vowels. Examples are provided to illustrate each silent letter pattern.

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108 views3 pages

99C Silent Letters

The document discusses silent letters in English words. It notes that while pronunciation has changed over time, spelling has remained the same. Several common silent letters are identified, such as 'b' in combinations like 'bomb' and 'debt', 'd' in 'badge', 'k' in words starting with 'kn', 'n' in combinations like 'autumn', and 'p' in words starting with 'ps'. Silent 'h' is also discussed in contexts like after 'r' in 'rhythm' and between vowels. Examples are provided to illustrate each silent letter pattern.

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Kayabwe Guy
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THE FLATMATES

Language point:
Silent letters
BBC Learning English The Flatmates

The Flatmates Silent letters

There are a lot of silent letters in English. This is because although the pronunciation of
some words has changed over the last two or three hundred years the spelling has
stayed the same.

There aren't many hard and fast rules, it's more a matter of learning which letters are
silent in certain combinations of letters. Here are some of the most common silent
letters.

In the following examples, all silent letters are given in brackets.

Silent 'b'
The 'b' is silent in the combination 'mb' at the end of a word. For example:

bom(b) clim(b) com(b) crum(b)


lam(b) lim(b) plum(b)er num(b)
thum(b) tom(b)

The 'b' is silent in the combination 'bt'. For example:


de(b)t dou(b)t su(b)tle

but not in some words, e.g. 'obtain', 'unobtrusive'

Silent 'd'
The 'd' is silent in the combination 'dg'. For example:

ba(d)ge e(d)ge han(d)kerchief he(d)ge


han(d)some ple(d)ge we(d)ge We(d)nesday

Silent 'k'
The 'k' is silent in the combination 'kn'. For example:

(k)nack (k)nee (k)new (k)nickers


(k)nife (k)night (k)nitting (k)nob
(k)nock (k)not (k)now (k)nuckle
Silent 'n'
The 'n' is silent in the combination 'mn' at the end of a word. For example:

Autum(n) dam(n) hym(n) colum(n)


condem(n) solem(n)

Silent 'p'
The 'p' is silent in the combination 'ps' at the beginning of a word. For
example:

(p)salm (p)sychiatry (p)syche (p)sychology

Silent 'h'
The 'h' is silent at the end of word when it follows a vowel. For example:

cheetah(h) Sara(h) messia(h) savanna(h)

The 'h' is silent between two vowels. For example:

anni(h)ilate ve(h)ement ve(h)icle

The 'h' is silent after the letter 'r'. For example:

r(h)yme r(h)ubarb r(h)ythm

The 'h' is silent after the letters 'ex'. For example:

ex(h)austing ex(h)ibition ex(h)ort

but not in some words, e.g. 'exhale', 'exhume'

Vocabulary:
to throw up:
to be physically sick

to hardly touch a drop:


to not drink much alcohol

to chat up:
to get to know someone and talk to him or her in a romantic way

give me a break:
stop annoying me (in this case, teasing Alice about Dr Laver)

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