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Python Loops for Data Science

This document discusses Python loops and data structures. It covers for loops, while loops, and how to loop over lists, dictionaries, strings, and NumPy arrays. Examples are provided to demonstrate looping over each of these data types and printing or modifying elements. Key concepts explained include using enumerate() to loop over lists with indexes, using items() to loop over dictionary key-value pairs, and how to access elements in 2D NumPy arrays.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

410 views39 pages

Python Loops for Data Science

Uploaded by

Peter Hordijk

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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INTERMEDIATE PYTHON FOR DATA SCIENCE

while loop
Intermediate Python for Data Science

if-elif-else
! control.py
Goes through construct only once!
z = 6
if z % 2 == 0 : True
print("z is divisible by 2") Executed
elif z % 3 == 0 :
print("z is divisible by 3")
else :
print("z is neither divisible by 2 nor by 3")

... Moving on

While loop = repeated if statement

Intermediate Python For Data Science

While
while condition : "
expression

Numerically calculating model

"repeating action until condition is met

Example
Error starts at 50

Divide error by 4 on every run

Continue until error no longer > 1

Intermediate Python for Data Science

While Error starts at 50

Divide error by 4 on every run
Continue until error no longer > 1
while condition :
expression
"

! while_loop.py

error = 50.0

while error > 1 :

error = error / 4
print(error)
Intermediate Python for Data Science

While while condition :

expression
"

! while_loop.py

error = 50.0
50.0
while error > 1 : True
error = error / 4
print(error)

Output:
12.5
Intermediate Python for Data Science

While while condition :

expression
"

! while_loop.py

error = 50.0
12.5
while error > 1 : True
error = error / 4
print(error)

Output:
12.5
3.125
Intermediate Python for Data Science

While while condition :

expression
"

! while_loop.py

error = 50.0
3.125
while error > 1 : True
error = error / 4
print(error)

Output:
12.5
3.125
0.78125
Intermediate Python for Data Science

While while condition :

expression
"

! while_loop.py

error = 50.0
0.78125
while error > 1 : False
error = error / 4 not executed
print(error)

Output:
12.5
3.125
0.78125
Intermediate Python for Data Science

While while condition :

expression
"

! while_loop.py

error = 50.0

while error > 1 : always True

# error = error / 4
print(error)

Output:
50
50
50
50 DataCamp: session disconnected
50 Local system: Control + C
50
50
...
INTERMEDIATE PYTHON FOR DATA SCIENCE

Lets practice!
INTERMEDIATE PYTHON FOR DATA SCIENCE

for loop
Intermediate Python for Data Science

for loop
for var in seq : !
expression

"for each var in seq, execute expression"

Intermediate Python for Data Science

fam
" family.py

fam = [1.73, 1.68, 1.71, 1.89]

print(fam)

Output:
[1.73, 1.68, 1.71, 1.89]
Intermediate Python for Data Science

fam
" family.py

fam = [1.73, 1.68, 1.71, 1.89]

print(fam[0])
print(fam[1])
print(fam[2])
print(fam[3])

Output:
1.73
1.68
1.71
1.89
Intermediate Python for Data Science

for loop for var in seq :

expression
!

" family.py

fam = [1.73, 1.68, 1.71, 1.89]

for height in fam :

print(height)
Intermediate Python for Data Science

for loop for var in seq :

expression
!

" family.py

fam = [1.73, 1.68, 1.71, 1.89]

for height in fam :

print(height) first iteration
height = 1.73

Output:
1.73
Intermediate Python for Data Science

for loop for var in seq :

expression
!

" family.py

fam = [1.73, 1.68, 1.71, 1.89]

for height in fam :

print(height) second iteration
height = 1.68

Output:
1.73
1.68
Intermediate Python for Data Science

for loop for var in seq :

expression
!

" family.py

fam = [1.73, 1.68, 1.71, 1.89]

for height in fam :

print(height)
no access to indexes

Output:
1.73
1.68
1.71
1.89
Intermediate Python for Data Science

for loop for var in seq :

expression
!

" family.py

fam = [1.73, 1.68, 1.71, 1.89]

???

Output:
1.73 index 0: 1.73
1.68 index 1: 1.68
1.71 index 2: 1.71
1.89 index 3: 1.89
Intermediate Python for Data Science

enumerate for var in seq :

expression
!

" family.py

fam = [1.73, 1.68, 1.71, 1.89]

for index, height in enumerate(fam) :

print("index " + str(index) + ": " + str(height))

Output:
index 0: 1.73
index 1: 1.68
index 2: 1.71
index 3: 1.89
Intermediate Python for Data Science

Loop over string for var in seq :

expression
!

" strloop.py

for c in "family" :
print(c.capitalize())

Output:
F
A
M
I
L
Y
INTERMEDIATE PYTHON FOR DATA SCIENCE

Lets practice!
INTERMEDIATE PYTHON FOR DATA SCIENCE

Loop Data Structures

Part 1
Intermediate Python for Data Science

Dictionary for var in seq :

expression
!

" dictloop.py

world = { "afghanistan":30.55,
"albania":2.77,
"algeria":39.21 }

for key, value in world :

print(key + " -- " + str(value))

Output:
ValueError: too many values to unpack (expected 2)
Intermediate Python for Data Science

Dictionary for var in seq :

expression
!

" dictloop.py

world = { "afghanistan":30.55,
"albania":2.77,
"algeria":39.21 }

for key, value in world.items() :

print(key + " -- " + str(value))

Output:
algeria -- 39.21
afghanistan -- 30.55
albania -- 2.77
Intermediate Python for Data Science

Dictionary for var in seq :

expression
!

" dictloop.py

world = { "afghanistan":30.55,
"albania":2.77,
"algeria":39.21 }
key value
for k, v in world.items() :
print(k + " -- " + str(v))

Output:
algeria -- 39.21
afghanistan -- 30.55
albania -- 2.77
Intermediate Python for Data Science

Numpy Arrays for var in seq :

expression
!

" nploop.py

import numpy as np
np_height = np.array([1.73, 1.68, 1.71, 1.89, 1.79])
np_weight = np.array([65.4, 59.2, 63.6, 88.4, 68.7])
bmi = np_weight / np_height ** 2
for val in bmi :
print(val)

Output:
21.852
20.975
21.750
24.747
21.441
Intermediate Python for Data Science

2D Numpy Arrays for var in seq :

expression
!

" np2dloop.py

import numpy as np
np_height = np.array([1.73, 1.68, 1.71, 1.89, 1.79])
np_weight = np.array([65.4, 59.2, 63.6, 88.4, 68.7])
meas = np.array([np_height, np_weight])
for val in meas :
print(val)

Output:
[ 1.73 1.68 1.71 1.89 1.79]
[ 65.4 59.2 63.6 88.4 68.7]
Intermediate Python for Data Science

2D Numpy Arrays for var in seq :

expression
!

" np2dloop.py

import numpy as np
np_height = np.array([1.73, 1.68, 1.71, 1.89, 1.79])
np_weight = np.array([65.4, 59.2, 63.6, 88.4, 68.7])
meas = np.array([np_height, np_weight])
for val in np.nditer(meas) :
print(val)

Output: Output (cont):

1.73 65.4
1.68 59.2
1.71 63.6
1.89 88.4
1.79 68.7
Intermediate Python for Data Science

Recap
Dictionary
for key, val in my_dict.items() :
Numpy array
for val in np.nditer(my_array) :
INTERMEDIATE PYTHON FOR DATA SCIENCE

Lets practice!
INTERMEDIATE PYTHON FOR DATA SCIENCE

Loop Data Structures

Part 2
Intermediate Python for Data Science

brics BR
RU
IN
country
Brazil
Russia
India
capital
Brasilia
Moscow
New Delhi
area
8.516
17.100
3.286
population
200.40
143.50
1252.00
CH China Beijing 9.597 1357.00
! dfloop.py SA South Africa Pretoria 1.221 52.98

import pandas as pd
brics = pd.read_csv("brics.csv", index_col = 0)
Intermediate Python for Data Science

for, first try BR

RU
IN
country
Brazil
Russia
India
capital
Brasilia
Moscow
New Delhi
area
8.516
17.100
3.286
population
200.40
143.50
1252.00
CH China Beijing 9.597 1357.00
! dfloop.py SA South Africa Pretoria 1.221 52.98