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Geology

The document provides an overview of the various subfields that make up the broad field of geology. It discusses areas like mineralogy, paleontology, petrology, sedimentology, structural geology, volcanology, geophysics, geochemistry, petroleum geology, economic geology, hydrogeology, engineering geology, environmental geology, seismology, geochronology, geomorphology, planetary geology, glaciology, and marine geology. It also gives brief descriptions of key concepts in geology like the scientific method, hypotheses, models, theories, and explains why the study of geology is important for revealing Earth's history, informing other sciences, and its economic uses.

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47 views1 page

Geology

The document provides an overview of the various subfields that make up the broad field of geology. It discusses areas like mineralogy, paleontology, petrology, sedimentology, structural geology, volcanology, geophysics, geochemistry, petroleum geology, economic geology, hydrogeology, engineering geology, environmental geology, seismology, geochronology, geomorphology, planetary geology, glaciology, and marine geology. It also gives brief descriptions of key concepts in geology like the scientific method, hypotheses, models, theories, and explains why the study of geology is important for revealing Earth's history, informing other sciences, and its economic uses.

Uploaded by

Gbx Tpzy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Geology the study of earth, its composition, Mineralogy study of minerals

structure, history and process that shaped the


Paleontology study of life of the past geologic
earths past.
period and the evolution of animals/plants whose
Scientific Method process by which problem is remains found in the rocks
identified, gathered and analyze data and formulate
Petrology identification, classification and
a hypothesis.
description of rocks
Hypothesis tentative explanation of a phenomena
Sedimentology / Stratigraphy study of soil
Model visual or statistical simulation that describe specially their depletion and erosion
the hypothesis.
Structural Geology study of the three-
Multiple Hypothesis several possible dimensional distribution of rock units
explanations of a phenomena evaluated
Volcanology - is the study of volcanoes, lava,
simultaneously
magma, and related geological, geophysical and
Theory widely accepted explanation for a group of geochemical phenomena.
facts.
Why is Geology Important?
Geophysics application of the principle of physics
- The study of geology is important for three
in the study of earth.
main reasons: it reveals the deep history of
Geochemistry- study of the chemistry of rocks and the Earth, informs other sciences, and it is
of the waters and atmosphere useful for economic purposes.
Petroleum Geology study of the origin and Age of earth 4.7 billion
occurrence of petroleum and natural gas
Most abundant element in crust silicon
Economic Geology study of the commercial and
Composed of iron and magnesium silicate rock
industrial uses of earths resources.
mantle
Hydrogeology / Hydrology- deals with the
Made up mostly of iron core
distribution and movement of groundwater in
the soil and rocks of the Earth's crust Consist of crust and upper mantle lithosphere
Engineering Geology geology applied to the Zone of easily deformable mantle asthenosphere
building of dams, highways, bridges and other
construction project Asthenosphere and core-mantle boundaries
mesosphere
Environmental Geology application of the
principles of geology in the solving of environmental Composition of continental crust- granite
problems Composition of oceanic crush-basalt
Seismology the study of earthquakes
Geochronology deals with the history of the earth
Geomorphology study of landforms their origins
and development
Planetary geology / cosmogeology the study of
planets composition. Embraces the field of
geomorphology , meteorology etc.
Glaciology the study of ice specifically naturally
occurring glaciers
Marine Geology study of history and structure of
ocean floor.

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