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Mediums of The Visual Arts

Sculpture involves shaping hard materials like stone, metal, or wood through subtractive processes like carving or additive processes like assembling pieces. There are two types of sculpture: relief, which is attached to a background, and free-standing sculptures. Common sculpting materials include stone, bronze, wood, ivory, and terra cotta. Architecture uses post-and-lintel, arch, cantilever, and other structural elements to support buildings. Key elements of visual arts include line, color, and shape that are used to depict forms and figures.

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1K views66 pages

Mediums of The Visual Arts

Sculpture involves shaping hard materials like stone, metal, or wood through subtractive processes like carving or additive processes like assembling pieces. There are two types of sculpture: relief, which is attached to a background, and free-standing sculptures. Common sculpting materials include stone, bronze, wood, ivory, and terra cotta. Architecture uses post-and-lintel, arch, cantilever, and other structural elements to support buildings. Key elements of visual arts include line, color, and shape that are used to depict forms and figures.

Uploaded by

jefroc
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Mediums of the Visual

Arts
Sculpture
- is three-dimensional artwork created by shaping
or combining hard materials, typically stone such
as marble, metal, glass, or wood, or plastic
materials such as clay, textiles, polymers and softer
metals.
Two major sculptural processes
the process in which the unwanted material is
 Subtractive cut away.
–
an example is the carving of stone and wood.

the construction of a figure by putting


together bits of clay, or by welding together
parts of metal.
 Additive -
the final result is produced by putting together
smaller segments of the material
Subtractive
Subtractive
Subtractive
Subtractive
Subtractive
Additive
Additive
Additive
Additive
Additive
Additive
Additive
Sculpture may be divided in two
types
 Relief – refers to figures which are attached to a ground.

 Free Standing – asides.


free standing figure can be seen from all
Relief
Relief
Relief
Relief
Relief
Relief
Relief
Relief
Relief
Relief
Free-standing
Free-standing
Free-standing
Free-standing
Free-standing
Free-standing
Stone
- durable, resistant to the elements, fire, and
other hazards.
- on the other hand, it is heavy and breaks easily.

- marble is one example, and is the favorite


material in Greece and Italy where it is plentiful
Bronze
- rich color and smooth texture make it one of
the most beautiful media for sculpture.
- relatively light compared to stone.
- tendency to crack when cooled.
- difficult to make intricate sculptures.
Wood
- cheap, readily available, and easy to cut.
- also polishes well and has a smooth shiny surface and
beautiful color.
- limited in size and burns easily.
- wooden sculptures are known to discolor and decay
easily.
Ivory
- like wood, it also cracks.
- expensive
Terra Cotta
- yields to even the slightest pressure and
can be worked and re-worked.
- needs to be cooked with fire in a kiln
for it to be solid.
Architecture
- is the art of designing and
constructing a building.
Post-and-lintel
- consists of two vertical posts for
support (post) and a horizontal one
(lintel).
Pantheon
Pantheon
Pantheon
Pantheon
Stonehenge
Stonehenge
Stonehenge
Stonehenge
Arch
- built from pieces of solid materials
called voussoirs with joints between
them and are arranged in a semi-circle.
- usually made of stone.
Arch
Arch
Arch
Cantilever
-any structural part projecting horizontally
and anchored at one end only.
- needs a beam with a great tensile strength
(stone, wood, concrete, steel ) that can be
securely fastened at the supported end.
Cantilever

Empire State Building – New York


Cantilever

Taipei 101 – Taipei


Cantilever

Empire State Building – New York


Cantilever

Petronas Towers – Malaysia


Cantilever

30 St. Mary Axe – London


Elements of the Visual
Arts
Line
- used to represent figures and
forms.
Lines
 Horizontal lines – lines of repose and serenity. They express ideas of calmness
and quiescence.

lines poised for action. They are poised, balanced, forceful,


 Vertical lines – and dynamic.

lines poised for action and movement. They give animation


to any work more or less instinctively, and they begin to
 Diagonal lines – express themselves more and more through the freedom,
buoyancy, grace of curved lines.

suggests grace, movement, flexibility, joyousness, and grace.


 Curved lines – They are never harsh or stern since they are formed by a
gradual change in direction.
Color
- is the visual perceptual property
corresponding in humans to the
categories called red, green, blue and
others.
Color

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