CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the methodology of the study, the respondents and
sampling procedure, the data gathering instruments and their description and the
treatment of the data and statistical tools to be used in the study.
Research Method Used
This study used a descriptive survey method used to assess socio-demographic
characteristics such as sex, age, parent’s educational attainment, parent’s occupation,
size of income. For this research study, the chosen data collection method is
questionnaire.
Special precautionary measures have been taken regarding privacy and security
of students’ information. Only required and most relevant information has been gathered
and the rest will have been filtered. The questionnaire was close ended A questionnaire
comprised of total 30 questions have been asked in order to meet research objectives.
Description of the Respondents
The respondents of the study were carefully chosen by determining their location
and the government programs where COA-CPAs were conducted.
To date, the following programs were audited using the CPA as the methodology:
1. Barangay Health Centers
2. Farm-to-Market-Road (FMR) Project
3. KAMANAVA Flood Control Project of the DPWH
4. Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund (LDRRMF)
5. Solid Waste Management (SWM) Program
6. Tourism Road Infrastructure Project (TRIP)
7. Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Project
The researcher decided to focus on the audit on Barangay Health Centers as
the sample in determining the impact of CPA as a methodology in the audit.
Population Frame and Sampling
Only 30 male and 30 female individuals will be included in the sample. All
respondents will be randomly chosen from two groups. The first group is from the City of
Marikina where the CPA audit was conducted on its Barangay Health Center. The
second group will be randomly chosen from the Quezon City and City of San Jose Del
Monte, Bulacan where no CPA audits were conducted. Thus, the number of
respondents will equally distributed to facilitate analysis.
Instruments Used
The instrument used was a researcher-made questionnaire checklist to gather
the needed data for the respondent’s profile. The draft of the questionnaire was drawn
out based on the researcher’s readings, previous studies, professional literature,
published and unpublished thesis relevant to the study.
In the preparation of the instrument, the requirements in the designing of good
data collection instrument were considered. For instance, statement describing the
situations or issues pertaining was toned down to accommodate the knowledge
preparedness of the respondents. Open-ended options were provided to accommodate
to free formatted views related to the topics or issues. In this way, the instrument is
authorized to obtain valid responses of the respondents.
Data Gathering Procedure
The researcher asked permission from different local government units of
Marikina City, Quezon City and City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan. Perception from
residents of these LGUs will be gathered through the questionnaire to be distributed and
administered.
Statistical Treatment of Data
To determine whether or not the Citizen Participatory Audit gained impact on the
implementation of Programs and projects of the government, the mean score was used
to determine whether the set of data and the item values of the distribution are
considerably concentrated or substantially close to each other.
The mean produced the most reliable estimate as the basis of inferring a useful
measure of this study. The standard deviation was used as a measure of heterogeneity
or unevenness within the set of data. If the standard deviation is numerically big, then
there is heterogeneity in their intelligence. If the standard deviation is small, then there
is a homogeneity in their intelligence. The mean, standard deviation and z-test were
used in the treatment of the test results. The following formulas were used:
IMPACT OF THE CITIZEN PARTICIPATORY AUDIT
OF THE COA ON THE BARANGAY HEALTH
CENTER PROGRAM OF THE CITIES OF
MARIKINA, QUEZON, AND SAN JOSE
DEL MONTE FOR THE YEAR 2017
A Thesis
Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Sta. Mesa, Manila
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree
Master in Public Administration
By
Francis N. Sy
June 2018
