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Beam Column Joint1

Beam-column joints are classified as either Type 1 (non-seismic) or Type 2 (seismic) based on their ability to dissipate energy through inelastic deformation. Requirements for beam-column joints include avoiding failure within the joint, possessing strength not less than demand, and responding elastically in moderate earthquakes. Common poor practices that can lead to joint failure include incorrect bending of beam bars, inadequate anchorage, and poor concrete quality. Joint behavior depends on factors like concrete strength, reinforcement arrangement, axial loads, and bond between concrete and bars.

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Rajalakshmi Murugesan
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127 views7 pages

Beam Column Joint1

Beam-column joints are classified as either Type 1 (non-seismic) or Type 2 (seismic) based on their ability to dissipate energy through inelastic deformation. Requirements for beam-column joints include avoiding failure within the joint, possessing strength not less than demand, and responding elastically in moderate earthquakes. Common poor practices that can lead to joint failure include incorrect bending of beam bars, inadequate anchorage, and poor concrete quality. Joint behavior depends on factors like concrete strength, reinforcement arrangement, axial loads, and bond between concrete and bars.

Uploaded by

Rajalakshmi Murugesan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Beam-Column Joint

Joint Geometry as per ACI committee 352

Typical beam-column joints grouped as per ACI 352

 Type 1 joints - : These joints have members that are designed to


satisfy strength requirements without significant inelastic
deformation. These are non-seismic joints.

 Type 2 joints - These joints have members that are required to


dissipate energy through reversals of deformation into the
inelastic range. These are seismic joints.

Requirements of Beam-Column Joint

 failure should not occur within the joints.


 joint should possess strength not less than the maximum demand
corresponding to the development of the structural plastic hinge mechanism
of the structure.

 respond elastically during moderate earth quakes.

 joint configuration should ensure ease of fabrication and good access for
placing and compacting concrete in the joint region.

Poor Practices

 incorrect bending of beam reinforcement into the beam-column joint for


anchorage

 inadequate anchorage of beam bars into the beam-column joint

 poor quality concrete at the critical region of the joint, obviously due to
poor quality formwork coupled with inadequate compaction

 kinking of column bars near beam-column joints

moments, shears, axial loads acting on joint

corner knee joint

knee joint subjected to opening moment

 before cracking of an opening corner knee joint

 Large tensile stresses occur at the re-entrant corner and the middle of the
joint
 Due to these stresses, cracking will be developed.

 If reinforcements are not provided crossing these cracks, the joint will fail
immediately after the development of the diagonal crack.

Knee joint subjected to opening moment


T - joint

 shear force in the joint gives rise to diagonal cracks, thus requiring
stirrups in the joint.

 detailing of longitudinal reinforcement - affects the efficiency of the joint


Mechanisms of failure of a beam-column joint

 Shear failure within the joint

 Anchorage failure of bars, if anchored within the joint

 Bond failure of beam or column bars passing through the joint

Joint Shear

 Joint shear is a critical check and will govern the size of the columns of
moment-resisting frames.

 For ductile behaviour,

- beams framing into the column will develop plastic hinges at the ends

- develop probable moment of resistance at the column faces.

Joint Shear Resistance Mechanisms

 assumed that the strength of the diagonal strut controls the joint
strength before cracking

 joint shear – large

- diagonal cracking occurs in the joint core and the joint reinforcements
come into play

- fails by the crushing of the concrete in the joint core


Concrete strut mechanism

Concrete truss mechanism

 large amount of transverse reinforcement - to resist joint shear,

- relying on the good bond stress transfer along the longitudinal reinforcement.

 real behaviour of the structure - combined effect of the diagonal strut & truss
mechanisms with the bond deterioration of longitudinal reinforcement to a
certain degree during cyclic loading.

Joints Confined by Beams

behaviour of a beam-column joint is influenced

 concrete strength

 arrangement of joint reinforcement

 size and quantity of beam or column reinforcement

 bond between concrete and longitudinal bars in the beam or column

axial load in the column

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