Expanded Tertiary Education Equivalency and Accreditation Program (ETEEAP)
Non-formal learning - workplace-based training, workshop
Informal learning - incidental learning, self-directed learning, experiences
Data structure
A data structure is a specialized format for organizing and storing data.
General data structure types include the array, the file, the record, the table,
the tree, and so on. Any data structure is designed to organize data to suit a
specific purpose so that it can be accessed and worked with in appropriate
ways. In computer programming, a data structure may be selected or
designed to store data for the purpose of working on it with various algorithms.
Examples:
1. Data structure is used only for organizing and storing data and types of data
structures
Primitive - way of storing data by the system
Non-Primitive - derived from primary data types
Derived- nanggaling
Linears list – form a sequence like stacks
Non-linear list - data item is connected to several other data items like trees
Array
A collection of data elements
A data static structure
List of data …. Stored temporarily
To be 1 using condition command for loop
Concept of Binary
concept of linked data structures to structure containing nodes
binary tree – fundamental of programming
List
A linked list is a sequence of data structures, which are connected together via links.
Heap
Heap is a special case of balanced binary tree data structure
Object-oriented programming
(OOP)
Standard coding – if there is another programmer to follow know
how to decode the program
type of computer programming (software design) in which programmers
types of operations (functions) that can be applied to the data structure.
Abstraction: The process of picking out (abstracting) common features of objects and
procedures.
Class: A category of objects. The class defines all the common properties of the
different objects that belong to it.
Encapsulation: The process of combining elements to create a new entity. A
procedure is a type of encapsulation because it combines a series of computer
instructions.
Information hiding: The process of hiding details of an object or function.
Information hiding is a powerful programming technique because it reduces complexity.
Inheritance: a feature that represents the "is a" relationship between different
classes.
Interface: the languages and codes that the applications use to communicate with
each other and with the hardware.
Messaging: Message passing is a form of communication used in parallel
programming and object-oriented programming.
Object: a self-contained entity that consists of both data and procedures to
manipulate the data.
Polymorphism: A programming language's ability to process objects differently
depending on their data type or class.
Procedure: a section of a program that performs a specific task.
AVA
JAVA- is language
OOP concepts in Java are the main ideas behind Java’s Object Oriented
Programming. They are an abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance,
and polymorphism.
There are four main OOP concepts in Java. These are:
Abstraction. Abstraction means using simple things to
represent complexity. We all know how to turn the TV on, but
we don’t need to know how it works in order to enjoy it. In
Java, abstraction means simple things like objects, classes,
and variables represent more complex underlying code and
data. This is important because it lets avoid repeating the
same work multiple times.
Encapsulation. This is the practice of keeping fields within a
class private, then providing access to them via public
methods. It’s a protective barrier that keeps the data and code
safe within the class itself. This way, we can re-use objects like
code components or variables without allowing open access to
the data system-wide.
Inheritance. This is a special feature of Object Oriented
Programming in Java. It lets programmers create new classes
that share some of the attributes of existing classes. This lets
us build on previous work without reinventing the wheel.
Polymorphism. This Java OOP concept lets programmers use
the same word to mean different things in different contexts.
One form of polymorphism in Java is method overloading.
That’s when different meanings are implied by the code itself.
The other form is method overriding. That’s when the
different meanings are implied by the values of the supplied
variables. See more on this below.
UML (Unified Modeling
Language) is a standard language for specifying, visualizing,
constructing, and documenting the artifacts of software systems. UML was
created by the Object Management Group (OMG) and UML 1.0 specification
draft was proposed to the OMG in January 1997. It was initially started to
capture the behavior of complex software and non-software system and now it
has become an OMG standard. This tutorial gives a complete understanding on
UML.
JAVA
Java is a general-purpose computer programming language that is concurrent, class-
based, object-oriented, and specifically designed to have as few implementation dependencies
as possible.
JAVA CODE
CONDITION – IF, CASE, DO WILL, FOR, LOOP = WHAT DO YOU WANT TO HAPPEN
CLASSING – FUNCTION, = CALLING
Java was originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems (which has since been
acquired by Oracle Corporation) and released in 1995 as a core component of Sun
Microsystems’ Java platform. The language derives much of its syntax from C and C++, but it
has fewer low-level facilities than either of them.
EXAMPLES:
Java programming examples
Example 1: Display message on computer screen.
1. class First {
2. public static void main(String[] arguments) {
3. System.out.println("Let's do something using Java
technology.");
4. }
5. }
Example 2: Print integers
1. class Integers {
2. public static void main(String[] arguments) {
3. int c; //declaring a variable
4.
5. /* Using for loop to repeat instruction execution */
6.
7. for (c = 1; c <= 10; c++) {
8. System.out.println(c);
9. }
10. }
11. }
Java programming source code
1. class HelloWorld
2. {
3. public static void main(String args[])
4. {
5. System.out.println("Hello World");
6. }
7. }
