JDBC 4.
0 API
JDBC 4.0 API is mainly divided into two package
1. java.sql
2. javax.sql
java.sql package
This package include classes and interface to perform almost all JDBC operation such as creating
and executing SQL Queries.
Important classes and interface of java.sql package
classes/interface Description
java.sql.BLOB Provide support for BLOB(Binary Large Object) SQL type.
java.sql.Connection creates a connection with specific database
java.sql.CallableStatement Execute stored procedures
java.sql.CLOB Provide support for CLOB(Character Large Object) SQL type.
java.sql.Date Provide support for Date SQL type.
java.sql.Driver create an instance of a driver with the DriverManager.
java.sql.DriverManager This class manages database drivers.
java.sql.PreparedStatement Used to create and execute parameterized query.
java.sql.ResultSet
It is an interface that provide methods to access the result row-
by-row.
java.sql.Savepoint Specify savepoint in transaction.
java.sql.SQLException Encapsulate all JDBC related exception.
java.sql.Statement This interface is used to execute SQL statements.
javax.sql package
This package is also known as JDBC extension API. It provides classes and interface to access
server-side data.
Important classes and interface of javax.sql package
classes/interface Description
javax.sql.ConnectionEvent Provide information about occurence of event.
javax.sql.ConnectionEventListener
Used to register event generated by PooledConnection
object.
javax.sql.DataSource
Represent the DataSource interface used in an
application.
javax.sql.PooledConnection provide object to manage connection po
Steps to connect a Java Application to Database
The following 5 steps are the basic steps involve in connecting a Java application with Database
using JDBC.
1. Register the Driver
2. Create a Connection
3. Create SQL Statement
4. Execute SQL Statement
5. Closing the connection
Register the Driver
Class.forName() is used to load the driver class explicitly.
Example to register with JDBC-ODBC Driver
Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");
Create a Connection
getConnection() method of DriverManager class is used to create a connection.
Syntax
getConnection(String url)
getConnection(String url, String username, String password)
getConnection(String url, Properties info)
Example establish connection with Oracle Driver
Connection con =
DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:XE","username",
"password");
Create SQL Statement
createStatement() method is invoked on current Connection object to create a SQL
Statement.
Syntax
public Statement createStatement() throws SQLException
Example to create a SQL statement
Statement s=con.createStatement();
Execute SQL Statement
executeQuery() method of Statement interface is used to execute SQL statements.
Syntax
public ResultSet executeQuery(String query) throws SQLException
Example to execute a SQL statement
ResultSet rs=s.executeQuery("select * from user");
while(rs.next())
{
System.out.println(rs.getString(1)+" "+rs.getString(2));
}
Closing the connection
After executing SQL statement you need to close the connection and release the session. The
close() method of Connection interface is used to close the connection.
Syntax
public void close() throws SQLException
Example of closing a connection con.close();
