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Petrochemical Conversion Insights

The document discusses polymerization processes that convert light olefin gases like ethylene and propylene into higher molecular weight hydrocarbons that can be used as gasoline blending stocks. Polymerization combines two or more identical olefin molecules into a single molecule to form polymers. It occurs over a phosphoric acid catalyst at various pressures and temperatures, requiring cooling systems. The process produces about 0.7 barrels of high-octane polymer gasoline per barrel of olefin feedstock, with lower capital and operating costs than alkylation.

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430 views13 pages

Petrochemical Conversion Insights

The document discusses polymerization processes that convert light olefin gases like ethylene and propylene into higher molecular weight hydrocarbons that can be used as gasoline blending stocks. Polymerization combines two or more identical olefin molecules into a single molecule to form polymers. It occurs over a phosphoric acid catalyst at various pressures and temperatures, requiring cooling systems. The process produces about 0.7 barrels of high-octane polymer gasoline per barrel of olefin feedstock, with lower capital and operating costs than alkylation.

Uploaded by

Tusenkrish
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Petrochemical & Petroleum

Refining Technology
Conversion Process
(Unification)
Conversion
 Change the size and/or 2. Unification (combining)
structure of hydrocarbon
molecules - alkylation & polymerization

1. Decomposition (dividing) 3. Alteration (rearranging)

- hydro, thermal & catalytic - isomerization & catalytic


cracking, coking and reforming
visbreaking
Polymerization Process
Polymerization Process
 Combines two or more identical olefin molecules to form a single
molecule with the same elements in the same proportions as the
original molecules.

Product : Polymer gasoline


Polymerization Process
 Polymerization is the process of combining two or more unsaturated
organic molecules (olefins) to form a single, heavier molecule with the
same elements in the same proportion as the original molecule.
It converts gaseous olefins, such as ethylene, propylene and butylene
converted by thermal and fluid cracking units, into heavier, more
complex, higher-octane molecules, including naphtha and
petrochemical feedstocks.
The olefin feedstock is pretreated to remove sulphur compounds and
other undesirables, and then passed over a phosphorus catalyst, usually
a solid catalyst or liquid phosphoric acid, where an exothermic
polymeric reaction occurs.
Polymerization Process
This requires the use of cooling water and the injection of cold
feedstock into the reactor to control temperatures at various pressures.
Acid in the liquids is removed by caustic wash, the liquids are
fractionated, and the acid catalyst is recycled.
The vapour is fractionated to remove butanes and neutralized to
remove traces of acid.
Polymerization
 Convert light olefin gases including ethylene, propylene, and butylene
into hydrocarbons of higher molecular weight and higher octane
number that can be used as gasoline blending stocks.
Polymerization
 Propene & butene can be polymerized to form a high octane
product boiling in the gasoline boiling range.
 The product is an olefin having unleaded octane numbers of
RON 97 and MON 83.
 This process produces ~0.7 barrels of polymer gasoline per
barrel of olefin feed as compared with ~1.5 barrels of alkylate by
alkylation.
 But the product has high octane sensitivity, low capital &
operating cost compared to alkylation – polymerization are being
added to some refineries
Polymerization

Schematic Diagram of Polymerization Unit


Polymerization

UOP Solid Phosphoric Acid Polymerization Unit


Polymerization

DIMERSOL Polymerization Unit


Thank You

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