1/18/2011
Dimensioning
January 18, 2011
How many things are wrong with
Dimensioning of Cylinders
this drawing?
Never, call out the radius of the cylinder,
always use the diameter.
An inspector would measure the
diameter with calipers, so the diameter
should be used.
Cylinders Common Dimensioning Symbols
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Dimensioning of Holes Dimensioning Holes
Diameter is always used rather than
radius
Never dimension to hidden lines.
A leader pointing to the center of the
hole is used
Always show centerlines.
Dimensions will be to centerlines.
Dimensioning of Holes Dimensioning of Holes
Counter Bored
Countersunk holes
Holes are shown are dimensioned by
as concentric Callout the diameter
circles in the plan of the thru hole, the
diameter of the to of
view, and the counter sink and
dimensioned the included angle of
using the the countersink.
standard symbols
Spot Faced Holes Drilled Holes
The symbols for Drilled Holes,
spot faced holes are are dimensioned
the same used for by calling out the
countersunk holes. inside diameter,
and depth , and
the specification
for the thread
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Locating Holes Locating Holes
Locating Holes Superfulous dimensions
Dimensioning of Chamfers Dimensioning of Knurl Finishes
A knurl is a
roughened
surface
intended to
provide a
better hand grip
or press fit
between two
parts
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Coordinate Dimensioning
The use of Coordinate or baseline dimenions
eliminates the effect of “accumulation of
tolerances”, and is useful to the machinist
using a positioning table.
Tabular Dimensions Mating Parts
In instances where a feature on a part
must fit into or onto another part. The
“mating dimension” must be identified.
Used to show dimensions of similar parts,
tabular dimension reduce the number of
drawings required for a series of nearly
identical parts
Mating Parts Mating Dimensions
Most often the dimensions of the mating
features will not be the same, and a
factor will be added to the dimension to
allow for the type of fit intended by the
Designer, (clearance, interference,
etc…)
The Cad Technician must choose the
dimensions keeping the type of fit and
tolerances in mind.
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Key Ways Key Ways
The dimensions for standard key ways
are found in The Machinists Handbook
The distance from the center of the
recess to the edge and the width of the
recess are always provided.
The distance from the bottom of the shaft
to the bottom of the keyway is always
provided, rather then depth of the recess
Machine and Pattern Dimensions
Machine Pattern and Forging Dimensions
Parts that are machined from castings, will have
a set of dimensions that the casting pattern
maker will work from, and a set of dimensions
that the machinist will work from.
When the part is not complicated enough to
require two drawings, the dimensions for pattern
maker and the machinist may be included on the
same drawing.
Since the machinist will refer to the drawing more
often then the pattern maker the drawing should
be arranged in a manner that is convenient for
the machinist.
Forged and Machined Parts Finish Marks
Separate drawings are typically created A Finish mark is used to identify those
for the forged part detail and the surface that are to be machined or
machined part details. finished, (as on a casting of forged part)
To the diemaker or pattern maker it
indicates that additional material should be
provided to allow for finishing.
If a part is to be finished on all faces a
note such as FINISH ALL OVER would be
used rather than the finish symbol
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Finish Marks Finish Marks
Finish marks are only shown on the
edge view of a finished surface, and are
repeated in all views that show the
finished edge..
If a part is to be finished on all surfaces,
the notation “Finish All Over” or “FAO”
should be used in lieu of a Finish Mark
Surface Finishes Surface Finishes
The need for higher performance power The surface finish symbol alone is not
transmission components and other enough to specify a finish for a high
devices that can withstand heavy loads performance component.
and high speeds has increased the need Symbols for Surface Texture, Lay, and
for accurate control of surface finishes Roughness are used to dimension
surface finish.
Surface Finish Symbols
Surface Finish Specifications
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Surface Roughness
Lay Symbols
Designations
Process Range of Roughness Range of
in Microinches Roughness in
Micrometers
Flame 500 – 1000 12.5 - 25
Cutting
Milling 32 – 250 .80 – 6.3
Grinding 4 – 63 .10 – 1.63
Electro 4 – 32 .10 -.80
Polish
Welds
Welding Symbols
Most Commonly used welds
Fillet
Bevel
V Grove
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V Grove Butt Welds Bevel and Butt Welds
