NOTING AND

DRAFTING
"Wlie11 ideas fail, words C<>me in very handy."
- Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe

19 .1. INTRODUCTION
communication is a recognized medium of exchange of thoughts, deeds and views.
Written communication plays a vital role in an office, whether it is a government
department, public undertaking or private organizations. The working of the government
office is a continuous affair. The officers may come and go, but the policy of the
government has to remain uniform in a given set of circumstances. It is therefore,
necessary to have a written record of the reasons for adopting a particular course of
action in a case so as to ensure identical treatment to a similar case coming up in future .
The 'note' thus helps in maintaining consistency and continuity to the actions and decision
of the government.
Noting and drafting is the most common and well established procedure for submission,
examination and subsequent communication for final order on a particular subject. There
is a well established and standard procedure followed in regard to noting and drafting.
The procedure may vary from one department to another but the basic remains the
same.

l9.2. MEANING Of NOTING AND A NOTE

'Noting' means preparing a note for taking a decision on a case.
Communic a t·ion m · t h e orgamza· t ion
' flows according to .the. formal channels
. in
. the
organizat·ion 1.e.• from top to b ottom. l 'h'1s communication md1cates the lme of action h to
bc taken · . Notmg. is• a written remark recorded on a note s eet
in a particular case. . , ,
rtchquiring a communication under consideration. This written rem_ark ~s dcalledt ~ote atnhd
c pro d . lled 'Noting' . Noting 1s one o 1ocus e
·1 cc ure followed in preparing a note ca ·
n1port . . , . nder consideration. It may also mclude
ant points of a J)articular commumcatwn u
.uncx1, .
, P anation, if required. . .
Note' . . t facilitate its disposal, and mcludes a
Pree· means the remarks recorded on a case
ise ot) previous
. t
°.
an ana1ys1s o
f the questions requiring decision
,
papers, a statemen or
 \ I•)-'.l ~ - --· - --- ----- NOTING ANo o~'"'c
stl)'.)'.L'Stioiis regarding tile crnirsc oractio11_~~11d final orders passed thereon. The 'Note'
:dso providr :i wry uscl'ul guide to tile 01!1cers who may have to handle the same
si1111 1:ir r:ist·s 111 r11 i°1II\' 111 as 11111 cli :1s t119 r~·vea I the I'._nc of thought and logic behind 1:;
dri'. ist1it1 l:ikrn e:irlirr. /\ ' Note ' co11tai11s lacts and l1gurc.:s, rules, l_aw, p_roceduresan
prrn·drnts. ir :ri iy, :,s also views of' ot lll.: r se<.:t_ion_s/Jep_artmcnts'. ~h1ch might have bee~
const1IIL·d. 11 liL·lps tlic decision taking authority 1_11 tak111g a dec1s1on. Jt_should norman
roinpnsL·s :t hnef' resume or the case. 1_h_e a11a lys1s/stalcmcnt of the po1_nts at issue, rul~
pos1tior1 . hcst colll'sc or action, orders ii any already passed on the subject. It maybe in ,
a11y ol'tltc li1llowi11g forms :
I. S11111111:1ry or the case.
2. /\11 analysis of' the questions requiring decisions.
J. S11ggcs1io11s regarding the course of action.
4. 1-'inal ortkrs passed there on.
Thus the main aim of' an office note is to inform and guide the officers who have to
decide the case and help them to dispose it. The note also serves as conclusive proof for
lixing respo11sibility lex delays or inactions.

19.3. HOW A NOTE SHOULD BE WRITTEN

I . Recorded 011 a Note sheet.
2. Even at least one word should be carried over to the next page, instead of ending
the note at the extreme bottom of the page.
3. At least one blank courtesy sheet should be added for further action.
The practice or note in the offices serves a very useful purpose as it helps the higher
officers to dispose of a case promptly by going through the note in which the main
question or questions on the case and the course of action are clearly stated. The dealing
hand who writes the first not on a communication should put up a case properly, by
slating the main points of the case, explaining its intricacies, analyzing the issues involved,
citing the laws or conventions and lastly, making suitable suggestions regarding the course
of action or orders.

19.4. KINDS OF NOTING

Mainly there arc two types of Noting. They are :
I . General Noting
2. Office Noting.
General Noting.
Whrnever an individual requests for some information or permission which is not verY
·
1111porlant · nalun,;,
111 · I1e wntes · of paper and sends to the cone erned
· a sI1ort note on a piece
person.
-1 A,VQ
. 0~
,.Q
n. The,~..,
:: th l'f(.)te,
. e sallle
~1c heh· Or
,~A ND~D:RAF~T=
ti
• e Notang.
IN:..G
::'--_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _j
~ - -.
19-3
llld 0ffJC .
ocectur . the remarks are written on note sheet re . d'
es ,vnene sent to h1g . her aut11onties
.. gar mg com . .
;ht have bat-id for api)ro . 1 . . municat1on under consideration
U}d no een daf • • va s, this 1s called 0 /Ti •
30 k . office noting 1s also meant for , tt · · 1cc noting. fn addition to
at . rtnany en1ar • r ge mg some · ·
issue r tives. This 1s a tormal written noting co t . . . · permission or approval from
, fUle ,xecu I n a111111g mformat' f.
I
. t n-iayb . ~, fjjce note a compete back ground of th . . ion o important nature. In
ell} I an ° undcr tand the issues · ·
tnvolved at one e1case is given , so
' tiiat the executives· may
c1ear ly • g ance and may be abl t · h • ..
. 1·ently. An office note should correct the _ . e ogive t cir dec1s1on
etl1c en ors remove the de fi1•1· , .· I ·
•tion completely and clearly, so that the ex . t.' c enc1cs, exp am the
p0s1 . . d' l . . ecu tves can reach a correct conclusion or
eCl. 10111 cgar mg t 1e question or questions unde r cons,•derat1.on. ·
d
office note can be of three types :
I. Simple Not_ing- Noting which is simple and short in nature.
vho have to 2. Detailed Noting - Noting which is explained and written in details.
ve prooffot 3. Routine Noting - Noting which is done in routine manner.

19.5. IMPORTANCE OF NOTING

The files in government offices, public sectors and some other organization often contain
two parts namely the left hand side is a noting section and the right hand side is
correspondence section. Its importance is as follows :
j of ending
I. Noting reduces the time at each level of formal communication while passing the
orders or instructions.
2. It keeps a regular track of all the developments and comments on a particular
the higheE. case.
1 the main ·· t ccurate decision on the basis of noting without devoting
3. The authont1es come o an a
he dealing
a lot of time on it.
operly, by . . . f h ht and idea about how the case has taken shape .
; involved, 4. Notmg provides a lme o t oug
the course
l9.6. PRINCIPLES Of NOT~NG 1use within the organisation. Therefore,
Anote is a piece of writing intended for mt~lal ed in wiring notes. Thus, a note should
the Principles
· · · should be 10 ow
of effective wntmg
be
. that have been raised and all other
11 quest10ns .
1. Complete, i.e., it should ans~er wahile considering the case. A~swers ~o ;uestions
·bl • that may anse d Who will help m makmg the note
Poss1 e quest10ns Wh Where an
such as What Why, How, en, .
comp1ete. ' 'bl
f: as posst e, choosing short, familiar
. . words,
2 . . db written, as ar fi rring concrete expression mp1ace
· Clear, 1.e., 1t shoul e_ active voice, and pre e
using short sentences, 111
of abstract ones.
 ,------, NOTING AND DltA,
19-4 I . . ~
3. Concise and to the point, i.e., it should not contam wordy expressions, or tnte or
· and should include only relevant statement. It should a] so
unnecessary expression,
avoid repetitions either of words or ideas.
• 1-1 shou Id be logically arranged , striking to one idea for each paragraph
4. Coherent, 1.e,
and linking together sentences and paragraphs.
5. Correct, i.e, it should be factually correct, figures should be free from mistakes
and the writing should be grammatically correct.
•'
6. Courteous, i.e., it should express ideas tactfully, without_hurting anybody's feelings,
C·
and emphasize positive facts . If apparent errors or mcorrect statements in an
case have to be pointed out or if an opinion expressed therein has to be criticised
care should be taken to couch the observations in courteous and temperate languag~
free from personal remarks. p

7. Organized properly, i.e, it should put ideas in the best order_for i~pact, reflecting
clear thinking. The first paragraph should state the mam pomt followed by
paragraphs giving evidence and discussing it, and the final paragraph should contain
recommendations.
8. Visually attractive, i.e., it should be made attractive by diving the note in serially
numbered paragraphs, using heading liberally, and keeping the paragraphs of six
to ten lines each. Where possible use bullets and other lists, and leave a small a
small margin of about one inch on all sides (left, right, top and bottom).

19.7. GUIDELINES FOR NOTING

The important points to be kept in mind are
(a) All notes should be concise and to the point. Excessive noting should be avoided.
(b) A simple and direct style of writing should always be adopted.
(c) Notes should normally be recorded on the note sheets.
(d) Notes should not be recorded on the receipt itself except in very routine matters.
(_e) Wherever a running summary of the facts is available on the file, it should be
referred to without repeating any part of the facts in the note.
(j) Notes should always be worded in a courteous and temperature language, free
fro~ any personal remarks even when some apparent errors have to be pointed
out m the notes recorded in another section.
(g) Any_remarks recorded by the ·immediate superior officer, or other senior on the
receipt should first be reproduced before the note is recorded.
(h) An officer should confine his/her note to the actual points he/she proposes to
make. He/she should not repeat or reiterate the ground already covered in the
previous notes. If he agrees to the line of action suggested in the preceding note,
he/she should merely append is signature.
_ _ ____________________,,- ,
 19-5
pRAfTING
0
~011rJG ""' aper under consideration raises several major points which requi re dctai led
~. W
hen a p, . . . . . ·11
(i) V . ation and respective orde rs on each pomt or group of related points, it wi ·
,aintn l . . I
t::-.• d upon separate y m secttona notes.
be note . .
. ~ dealing hand has to append his/her full signatures with date on th e left below
(;) 1 \w 1~ j\n o ffi ~cr wi ll append hi. /her full ignaturc on the right hand s ide of the
the: no l . .
. ,ith d~signation and the date .
no\l; ''
MEANING OF A DRAFT
19,8\ ., 8 roui-rh sketch of a commun ication to be issued after approval by the officer
. ' ir;1td~ ' o . . .
,\ l -d· Draft can be of any format of the commu111cat1on mtcnded to send, may be
• •t1lt: ·
·tiHllnorandum, letter, D .O . letter, proceed ing etc . This depends on the cir cumstance .,.
a~ne:eyer i the type of communication, certain skills are required in preparin g it. The
\\ ha ·ng of a drah:-.. 1s. kn own as dra f tmg.
.
prcparl
Arough copy ofa communication emanating from section/departments is called a draft.
it i the first and the preliminary sketch of any writing, subject to revision o r copyi ng.
Toe process of preparing such a draft is known as drafting. In the official work draf ing
means the process of writing rough sketches of communication which may be issued
after modification and alterations, if any, by executives. In other words, it can be said
that drafting is the art of writing communications for the approval of higher officers . A
draft is issued only after the same has been approved by the officer under whose signature
the communication is to be dispatched. After approval, it is typed neatly and dispatched
to the person or department to whom it is addressed.

19.9. ESSENTIALS OF A DRAFT

l. A good draft is always clear, concise, brief and to the point. Too much qualification
disqualifies a draft.
2. It should be complete with facts, direction and guidance.
3. It should clearly explain the purpose and the subject matter.
• . A good draft should contain small and crisp sentences. Language used should be
correct and simple.
5- Lengthy drafts are d ivided into small passages and the main point should be
highlighted.
6· It should be written in correct and courteous language. Even if a proposal is
rejected or a request is refused or turned down, the reply should be dra fted in a
courteous language.
19 1
· 0. PROCEDURE FOR DRAFTING
1
· It is not always necess·ary to await the approval of the proposed line of action and
the draft should be put up simultaneously along with the notes by the initiating 1
1
officer. The higher officer may revise the draft if it does not confonn toe;~
~ v e d course of action.
L " ~rv I NO TING AND ORA, r,JI
v

~
2. After a 0na_l decision is ~ak~n by competent ~ut~or_ity, he may have the fai
communication made for hts signature and authonze its issue ; otherwise, he sho r
prepare a draft and submit it to the appropriate higher officer for approval. Uld
3. The officer approving the issue of a draft should append his initials with the d
of draft. It is al so expected of him that he passes order on the file simultaneou:~e
whether the draft so approved should be kept on the file (along with the o[fi y
copy of the communica tion issued in fair) or not. ice
4 . Initial drafting should be done in hlack or blue ink. Modification in the draft at th
subsequent level s may be made in green or red ink by the officers so as to distinguis~ \
the coITcctions made .

19.11. GUIDELINES FOR DRAFTING

Some points should be kept in mind while drafting. They are : \
1. A draft should carry the exact messages sought to be conveyed.
2 . It should be clear, concise, and incapable of misconstruction.
3 . A draft should result in the desired response from the receiver.
4 . Lengthy sentences, abruptness whether of words, observations and ideas should
be avoided .
5. Care should be taken to see that length communications concluded with a summary.
6 . The number and date of the last communication on the subject should invariable I
be referred to. I
7. All drafts put up on a file should bear the file number. I
8 . The name, designation and telephone number of the officer under whose signature
the communication is being issued should be indicated.
9. While submitting a draft, care should be taken to see that there is sufficient space
between line so that words/ideas can be incorporated in the draft later on, if found
necessary.
10. Urgency grading like 'IMMEDIATE' or 'PRIORITY' should also be noted as
required.
11 . The officer concerned will initial the draft in token of his approval.

19.12. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR DRAFTING

1. A draft should carry the message sought to be conveyed in a language that is
clear, concise and incapable of misconstruction.
nd
2 . Lengthy sentences, abruptness, redundancy, circumlocution, superlatives a
repetition, whether of words, observations or ideas should be avoided.
th
3 · Official communication emanating fron1 a department and purporting to coveybeene
laws or orders of the Government must specifically be expressed to have
 pllAfTING
c; p.ND . .
~0111' . ·n under the d1rect1ons of Government. This requirement docs not, however,
,vnttc . .. . . . . d , ,
. that each commu111cc1t1on should start with the phrase , I am d1recte to say
111
01
~~)tl;c
1
undersigned is directed to convey' , which has the effect of distanc ing the
1 unicator from the reader at the very outset. A more direct and to-the-point
~~ ~:~~;11 is tn be prcl~rre~l if_somc degree ol'rnpport is to be establi shed with the
1
l • · , ·r of the commun,catton.
rcCLI\ (.;
, unications of some length or complexity should generally conc lude with a
.!_ ( lltl1111
st1111 111ary.

~- l)cpcnding up~n the fo1111 of com1~1tmication, the subject should be mentioned in it

· (including remmders)
The number and date of the last communication in the series, and i r thi s is not from
6
· the addressee, his last communication on the subject, should always be referred
to . Where it is necessary to refer to more than one communication or a series of
communications, this should be done in the margin of the draft.
7. All drafts put up on the file should bear the file number. When two or more
communications are to issue from the same file to the same addressee on the
same date, a separate serial number may be inserted before the numeral identifying
the year to avoid confusion in reference.
8. A draft should clearly specify the enclosures which are to accompany the fair
copy. In addition, short oblique lines should be drawn at appropriate places in the
margin for ready reference by the typist, the comparers and the dispatcher. The
number of enclosures should also be indicated at the end of the draft on the
bottom left of the page.
9. If copies of an enclosure referred to in the draft are available and are, therefore,
not to be typed, an indication to that effect should be given in the margin of the
draft below the relevant oblique line.
10. If the communication is to be dispatched by post is important or encloses a valuable
document, instructions as to whether it should be sent through registered post or
speed post or in an insured cover, should be given on the draft by the Superintendent/
Section Officer concerned with its issue.
l 1. Urgent communications with bulky enclosures to far-flung areas like Andaman &
Nicobar Islands should be arranged to be dispatched by Air Parcel though Indian
Airlines . The addressee should also be advised through wireless to take delivery
of the consignment. Instructions to this effect should be given by the Division
Bead/Branch Officer/Section Officer at the time of approval of draft.
12
· The name, designation, telephone number, fax number, and e-mail address of the
?fficer, over whose signature the communication is to issue, should invariably be
1r.dicated on the draft.
13
· ~n ~riting, or typing a draft, suffic~e_nt spac_e should ~e left on the margin and
~ e n successive lines so that add1t10ns or interpolation of words may be made,
~-.a
~ t liil
CT._il'!O_ _ _ _SII)- - - - --- -

NOTING ANO O
~~t
19-8
if neccss:1ry. _. rova I' should be attached to the d
. . . 1._ •l)ratt torapp . ,11, th . Taft i•
14. I\ S, 11·nt lK"ll"llH! tlw \\l)tO, t" l • the dralts as we as e shps att . I
• ~ ) on a I L • , ach
two l)r nwn.' dr;il'ts arc pu 1 u1 _ , · l)F/\ II', ' DFJ\. Ill and so on. Cd
tl· 111 ·1rkcd ' Pi•/\I . . ,
thnctn :-hlHtll K ' -. •• or ' Prionty should be
. , ·ssul·d :1:- • \mi net11' 11L . .· so ll'lark
1·-i · l)nt'ts which :1rl' ll) IK 1. • , 1• 1·n rank than a Supe11ntendent1s Cd
· · .
unlkr the l)nkr:- l)I an l)t tLLl
y . • · 1wt 1nwL ecrton
Offin·r.

KEY TERMS _
, , f ·mal assembly for a common purpose
Com·,•11tio11s : l!L'lll'ral agrccmu1t. ,l ot
1.t•mperatc . 1",,od•~t·atc.
-. self-restrained
Trttricacies : complicated
Reiterate : say or do again, repeatedly
Purporti11g : profess. be intended to .
· · t · conversation
Interpolatio11 : insert in a book, mteJeC ma

SOLVED QUESTIONS
Q. 19.1. \Vhat is noting and drafting? (RGPV, Bhopal, June, 2008)

OR

What is the importance of noting ? (RGPV Bhopal, Nov./Dec. , 200~

Ans. Note and drafting is an important academic activity that not only helps you to
remember what you have learnt but also helps you to review material for re-use in
revision and assignments. In order to grasp and retain what all one has come across as
information, one must take notes. Notes are an aide memorie. Besides noting and drafting.
even otherwise, is important, as the instructors may share such information in their_
lecture that has not been covered in the textbooks. So notes are a unique store houseot
rare information compiled in an easily comprehensible manner. The efficient strategies
for noting and drafting are crucial to success.

REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. What is the importance of Noting?
2. What five features or characteristics of effective Noting?
3. What is a draft ?
4. ~hat points s~ou~d be kept in mind while drafting?
5. Give some gmdelmes for preparing a draft.
 - - - --....-,A\_

G ~D NOTE MAKING 19-9

f~IN .
cft ··) If the notes are important as a memory aid then it will be hard to 'picture'
l'' them in your head afterwards.
ru 11 otcs
y11ttC . .
I, (i) Anange notes m a pattern, not ma linear sequence.
'fhe other methods involve making notes in ah. h
(ii) . 1erarc y.
...) It is worth trymg new methods such as a spray diagram
(111 ·

0v. ) This is also called a spider diagram/mind-map.

·ps to make effective pattern notes
;ontC ti . . .
(i) Begin by placmg the topic m the centre of the page.

(ii) . Using only si~gle w?rds or phrases, link the key words and ideas to the main
point by drawmg a lme.
(iii) Link supporting detail to the key words in a similar w_ay.
(iv) Ideas radiate out from the main topic in a way which may look messy but
which is very concise and quick to read as well as visually memorable.
(v) The links between the ideas will be obvious because of their physical proximity
and connection - put more important ideas nearer the centre and the less
important ones farther away.
(vi) Indicate links between ideas with coloured lines and or arrows.
Advantages
(i) You can store a lot of information on one sheet of paper.
(ii) The visual impact is a good memory aid.
(iii) The non-linear layout means you can represent links between ideas in a
sophisticated, visual way.
(iv) Very useful at essay planning stage -there is a space to add further information,
as you learn more.

19,11. NOTE TAKING STYLES AND FORMATS FOR

. VARIOUS OCCASIONS .
Astr h · tions as headmgs and groups your
'a ong note-taking model uses your searc ques fd · g thi·s and each will suit
nswer ' eral ways o om
ad·rr s , or notes around them. There are sev h ppier with a visual method
1 lerent
of r
.
person for different reasons.
s0 me peop1e are a
h diagram or structure in their
ecordi · 1.:- · h actually see t e
lllind. 0 ng m ormation, where t e~ can erical a proach where they can remember
th
aseq er people prefer an alphabetical or num h treak up the subject and the page
into s~nce. T~e essence of each of these is that t :~es under topics rather than treating
~ o n s allowing you to clearly group 11 .
 NOTE TAKING AND NOTE ~

I19-10 l .. d ~
the page as a solid piece of text with a beginning and an en .
Structun;J Lists (numerical /alphabetical

l l~l' :1 Standa rd Numbering or l.cllcring System

1,1 I ki p You Formalise This Structure.

(a)
I) . . .. .......... .
11) . ............ ..
The fo llowing examples offer a variety of approaches to structure notes on a page. Try
them all. You " ·ill quickly find out which one suits you the most.
1. Linear notes :
The linear method is where you write down key words and then indent to write in sub-
headings. You will probably recognise this style and it may be the style you already use
when you are taking notes.
I .
A. S ,'-'I ITH.Sor-.1 SHjJJY SKIL L S p) 'NOT€ - TAK.INC, · 2 R.1 0 .1

I~ ~- ~c, T E.S'

I: ~ € CORT:>
I ~ ,.,, ~Ed Ne, i.:e~:.0111, T o Notes
i
'.:: . A IDE - MEMOIR ('

:?. ozc;A 'I.SC 'PROC f;SS THOL{C,HT .S

:., P..EAT:>Al", ILI I y

< A l T ~C TI V c
, .; l>E~'St::-"IA l

The main points of linear notes are:

~~) Use HE~INGS fo~ main ideas and concepts.
(u)
.. .) Subheadings
. - forpomts within thos e I·cteas.
.
(m 0 ne pomt per line.

I
~
 _ ____.... ,.

NG p.HD NOTE MAKING 19-11

ErJU5.I
01
~ tJ derline the key words.
(iV) N:rnbering/letters/Roman numerals - to keep yourself organized.
(v_) tJse abbreviations - and not full sentences.
(v_i_) Leave plenty of SPACE - for adding detail - and for easy reading.
(v_r_z_) Make notes memorable.
(viri) C lour code systematically.
(i,\) H~ghlight notes afterwards.
(.\_) tJse Bracketing system - [to show own ideas)
(x_r_) dent to create memorable patterns.
(XII) 1n
Spider grams
2· . method is used where the notes are more pictorial with the central idea in the
ThlS h d . d' .
middle and the~ t e connecte . p01~ts ra iatmg outwards from the centre. You can use
wor ds or pictonal representations m these.
@
• Revision Aid ~

,re- G2~· £,-

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87% not
revise notes!
(Hartley &

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Cameron)
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Ad~antages to Spider grams

1
\ _) Notes on one page - won't ramble.

(u) Shows main points at a glance.

(''•)
11 tructure
'. Points grouped together - well for essay s ·
(iv) Can see gaps which need more research.
l'hlls S ·
(. P•der grams
_i_)) Use whole side of paper.
( 11
Put sub1ect
. in centre.
 NOTf rAKJNG AND NOTf ~ \

\ 19-12} . oint - ndiating outwards.

(iii) Use ont: branch per mam p d'd detail.
. ough _space to a '
(iv) Make 1t 1arge en . .
1,1 nd 3
examples.
• - ..
( i) Add smaller branches tor deta'. f . points - detai Is and definitions can
, . I t re1111nd you o mam
(vi) Summarise Just enoug 1 o
be added as footnotes.
(vii) Label with source.

3• Column method , t·
11 comments.
(1•) Separates notes ·r01t fi·om detail.
.
(ii) Separates key pom s .
(iii) Makes you cr!tical, reflectt_ve_-
(iv) Minimises unmtended plagiarism.
(v) Useful in Lectures. . ess information.
(vi) Al lows keywording - hel_pmg you p~oc
(vii) Good for revision (covering up detail).
Wii!'.j rni.:t i'Jotes'
Reco1d of C01.<rSe'.V0YP. b1.<t Keep
R.€COR.n fLe.ic.illte. A4 b"'cCer. "'rite 1 si~e
..\TTE"ll lON
-pci-per .·. Ollt"" to ~!v·t .
lv\( MOR.Y A ID f \w \I\ '+'>:., It I V¾l) ?
E-lse v.M'¼.CllhC11!JeC1bLe iiar':lt:j t;
" ~~·.. :. >t.i.'\.0- f c,
ct>l'\<.CrClh - tgJ st1.<C(ev1.t ~i~""·t-

PR.OCES.Sll'ICi
11'-IFO
1'-I0~es CILSI' () df""-"~ ;,.a, Else
I l!l , ,
vv..attrL~Li or£C ~ev. ". qvLc.~ \ff, ~~~-4 , ~, .':.
1

WiiC!t C~l)c ,,;_

j\.\st rccr rct~lhg iicl-ps v-ACl'\<.0YtJ
M;lt eri.a L
{l'rgctte•'- [,,.
Ho1, · Tcits,i:
lh-0te .. heL-p Lea ri.lh-LVl-0 -process. tf ~4 hrs.' t:>etai.L, CY
NOTE'
11\.0te - l'\<.C!~Lll\.(3 Coll\,tYClCl Note - t Cl~i.""0 keel'.! i.c'-~as'
TAK.INC,
= co-p::,i.Vl-0 dtct tited t,1et i¾ore errl'YS \\en
vs t nCllh- whef" self - geV1.ercrt:e,;j Mte- w.i.>'1-€
NOT€ = crecitlve, -persoll\.tll.
MAK.INC,
acti.ve: yo1.<r C.JWV\. LW rV1.lV1.g
Rtjecti.Vl-0 As Much Aselutt,1LIV1.{o
F€AT1.A,R.C.S
l'-lotes Alsl' Hel-p C.1'V\.CCV1.trC!tLO•"
FL € XIF,Lf: ~~c-tes. Shr,ul,;j l',c 4ttrtlctlve
ATT1':,AC.TIVE' S -pCICL/MS t:>i:.tl V\.Ctive

S l>AC.10~\.S

As you can see, the main notes are taken in the middle column (as well as can_be
expected in the lecture). Later, you attempt to keyword the main points, drawing
together what might have been separated in the lecture delivery. These keyw 0rds
go in the lefthand colwnn. Theright hand one is for your own comments or questions.
 MdartifltMII 1··11,m.
(

•'G AND NOTE MAKING

l
(AK,.
1' rt . ising from the lecture . This meth d 19-13
.ir -- . I kn owl e d ge.
ti·oJ11 otticta o also care ful\y separates out personal views

'f,ibuhtr Notes
~-
\. Usdi.ilforcodifyingandcat•r •.· in
egonsmg . formation

. Useful as revision aids. ·

2

T'(PtS C ,lGh o.cterl.~.ti.: .r; -

l.,l::.:r.
"'-ff' t"f ~ T 1:lk,LVL,"> Ci:piat. f'>tcto.tecl
F(H\,cctlP. e G/!.tC•te-:.,
,..,{V.(,11-\t - I. t!;s. P:1:;stve
t:>Lt>c- t·~rv..:.. 1 ailLe~
M o1 e ( t ,·c, !'.. Clo:;ect
Nor-t MO.~Lv.9 T-'~;·,,r.,1.~L lvWto'l.tL\/e o.,w.L .
' !::jSLV\.12!, S!::j VU:¥1t<;L';llll./;1
CJ'
Creo.tive. Ac.dvt sro.:Lo.L
evo.L.1at Lv, ~.
o i:,e111, Devel:>pi 11141 -proce-:.c.tv,•3 L•«, .u111,t:.1
l,1:11.~ (I-;. «;.ct~ll',S ~·

KEY TERMS
Trigger :A movable device for releasing a sPr·mg or catch, and so settmg
mechanism . off a

Haphazard : Done by change, random.

Laborious : Needing hard work.
Extraseusory
Pl • • : Derived by means other th an known senses
ag,anze : Take and use. ·
Paraphrase : Express the meaning of (a passage) in other words.

SOLVED QUESTIONS
Q, i 9.1. What is noting and drafting? (RGPV: Bhopal, June, 2008)

OR

What is th e importance
· of noting? (RGPV Bhopal, Nov./Dec. , 2007)

Ans. b and d raftmg

reine Note · 1s · an important
· aca demic
· activity
. . that not on1y helps you to
revis?'1 er what you have learnt but also helps you to review material for re-use in
info lOn ~nd assignments. In order to grasp and retain what all one has come across as
even11nation, one must take notes. Notes are an aide memone. · Besi'des notmg
· and drafting,
Othe . . h h . c . .
lech, rwise, is important as the instructors may s are sue m1ormat1on m their
rare~~fu
. at has not been covered ' in the textbooks. So notes are a umque . store house of
nforn · . l Th
for 1 . 1ation compiled in an easily comprchens1b e manner. e e 1c1ent ft- . strategies
.
not1nd draftin_g are crucial to success.
~