Intelligent Buildings and
Automation Systems
Divya Gupta 15SA217
Nandini Shah 15SA224
Introduction
Building intelligence starts with monitoring and controlling information services known as Smart
Building Automation System(SBAS).
Smart building automation project is an integrated building solution system that facilitates
lighting control, heating, air conditioning (HVAC) and access control to share information and
strategies with an eye to reduce energy consumption, improve energy efficiency management,
provide value-added functionality and make the building easier to operate.
An integrated system can not only increase energy and operational efficiency, but it can also
provide a level of occupant control unmatched by single-purpose, non-integrated systems.
Terminology
Building Management Systems (BMS)
Builing Automation Systems (BAS)
Building Management and Control System (BMCS)
Direct Digital Controls (DDC)
Building Controls (BC)
Targets
BMS centrally monitors and
controls the building
technical
systems
and services.
Systems and Services
These systems and services
include:
• Air conditioning
• Ventilation
• Lighting
• Hydraulics
• Access control
• CCTV
• Fire detection
• Fire fighting
• Lifts
• Etc.
Intelligent Buildings Management System(IBMS)
Concept
“self know, self decide and self respond”
Self know Self decide Self respond
Intelligent Buildings Management System(IBMS)
What does an IBMS do?
Day to day building operation
The most common primary function of the BMS is
the control of the building HVACsystem including;
• Chilled Water Plant
• Cooling Towers
• Tenant Condenser Water
• Heating Water Plant
• Exhaust Systems
Intelligent Buildings Management System(IBMS)
What does an IBMS do?
Building Control Applications
• Zone temperature monitoring and control
• Zone Variable Air Volume (VAV)
• CO2monitoring and control (Air Quality)
• Air handling unit
• Air flow/pressure control
• Toilet, car park, kitchen and general exhaust fan
control
• After Hours Building Control
Intelligent Buildings Management System(IBMS)
What does an IBMS do?
Measuring and Monitoring building performance
• Data
• Graphical User Interface (GUI)
• Dashboards
• Graphs
• Alarms
• Reports
Intelligent Buildings Management System(IBMS)
What does an IBMS do?
Interaction with other building systems
• Lighting system
• Emergency lighting system
• Fire protection system
• Security system
• CCTV system
• Meter system
• Etc.
Advantages of BMS
Energy efficient and reduced cost
Increased energy efficiency can save a substantial amount of costs by effectively controlling
equipment use.
Lower installation costs and Lower failure rates and downtime.
Streamlined operations management
Smart building automation greatly reduces operational expenses and the hassle of installing and
operating multiple autonomous building systems.
Flexibility and ease of changes
Managers and operators can view data from all over the facility and make quick changes or provide
preventative maintenance.
Quick and effective service
Building Management can provide better services to occupants and users.
Good indoor quality.
Real time monitoring
Accessing building systems via remote makes it easier for facilities professionals to assess real-time
conditions, detect problems, and monitor building performance off-site
Data accuracy and report generation
More accurate data monitoring and control of energy intensive systems like HVAC and lighting,
and statistical data report generation help keep costs in check.
Safety and Security
Customer attraction and retention
Smart buildings can demand above-market rents, have lower vacancy rates, and can have
reduced turnover
through higher customer service, added technologies, and increased efficiency.
Environment friendly
Monitoring and control of energy use for the purpose of reducing consumption defines a green
building. While it may be possible to have a green building that isn't smart, most green buildings
will have some form of a building automation system (SBAS).
Product cost
The entire system comprises of a compact unit, integrated interface and conferencing into a
single device, which saves on BoM and production cost for the customer
Benefits of BMS
• Real-time monitoring
• Documentation
• Customized control strategies
• Flexibility and ease of changes
• Integration of all building
systems
• Automated recovery of failure
• Running/operational cost
reductions
• Reduce labor cost
• Tenants’ comfort
• Indoor quality
• Safety and security
Disadvantages of BMS
IB technologies are expensive
The initial cost of an installed system can be high if not correctly specified and reviewed. You
have to understand the operation of the systems and the end users to identify the level of
automation. You could end up with a $500K system but only really needed a $100K system.
High cost maintenance
Once installed, depending on the system brand you are generally "locked in" to a long-term
service contract. Sure, you could maintain the system yourself but with software patches
releasing every year and proper operation required to get energy savings... you need someone to
really review the system. So, don't look at just the upfront install... find out what the 3-7-year
service contract is going to cost you.
Serviceability
Unless you have a trained technician on staff. You are going to be at the mercy of whomever the
contractor sends to you when things don't go according to plan. These systems are growing in
functionality and complexity.
Intelligent buildings might promote losing jobs
Minimum human intervention therefore, less employment for operation.
CASE STUDY
DaVinci Rotating Tower, Dubai
Intention was to build an 80-story skyscraper in
Dubai. It featured revolving floors, some of
which could have moved on command, providing
the building with an ever- changing shape along
with a changing view for the residents. It is
Fisher's first skyscraper design.
In particular, the project is based on three
fundamental concepts:
It is DYNAMIC because each floor can rotate
independently from the others allowing the
building to change its’ shape continuously,
it is GREEN because it produces its own energy
from the wind and from the sun;
it is INDUSTRIALLY PRODUCE being made of
prefabricated modules, then assembled on site.
STRUCTURAL DETAIL
ABOUT ROTATION OF FLOORS:
The rotation of the floors is done with steel bearings and combination
of air- cushion, allowing the floors to rotate smoothly and with no
vibrations.
ABOUT FLOORS:
•The floors will be all made of steel structure, becoming a monolithic
platform, with a cantilever up to about 15 meters.
•The floors will be connected to the core in a way that will allow a
continuous rotation to either direction, with no vibrations or noise.
•There is limited power of about 4 KW required to rotate a floor.
•The drive system is situated in the base of each floor so it cannot be
seen and in the same time it allows easy maintenance when required.
A Green Environmental Tower – Dubai:
1. The Dynamic Architecture building, which will be constantly in motion changing its shape,
will be able to generate electric energy for itself as well as for other buildings.
2. The entire tower will be powered from wind turbines and solar panels. Enough surplus
electricity should be produced to power five other similar sized buildings in the vicinity
which worth 7 million dollars.
3. The turbines will be located between each of the rotating floors. They could generate up to
1,200,000 kilowatt-hours of energy.
4. The solar panels will be located on the roof and the top of each floor
References
Applications of IT and Building Automation to High Technology Construction projects. Seminar
Proceedings. London: Unicom Seminars Limited in Collaboration with the Belgian Institute of
Automatic Control Contract Journal and International Construction. Dec. 7th.9th 1987.264 p
Bandler, Richard & Grinder, John. 1975. Patterns of the Hypnotic Techniques of Milton H.
Erickson, Volume I. CA: Meta Publications. ISBN: 1555520529
Bangemann, Martin. 1998. Opening Address. In: Conference & Exhibition Proceedings.
European Telematics: Advancing the Information Society.
Barcelona, Spain. 4.7 Feb. 1998. Brussels: European Commission, Directorate General XIII,
Telecommunications, Information Market and Exploitation of Research. 161 p.
