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Melting Point Determination Guide

1. It is advisable to use the temperature of solidification as the melting point of a solid only when the melting point cannot be directly measured, as the freezing and melting points should be the same according to theory. However, for some compounds the temperature of solidification may not be accurate as the particles are arranged differently in solid and liquid states. 2. The presence of insoluble impurities would not affect the melting point but make determining it difficult. Incomplete drying could cause the material to melt earlier or form hydrates with a different melting point, depending on solvent interactions. Raising the temperature too rapidly would result in an observed melting point that is too high as the sample lacks time to fully melt at its standard

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151 views1 page

Melting Point Determination Guide

1. It is advisable to use the temperature of solidification as the melting point of a solid only when the melting point cannot be directly measured, as the freezing and melting points should be the same according to theory. However, for some compounds the temperature of solidification may not be accurate as the particles are arranged differently in solid and liquid states. 2. The presence of insoluble impurities would not affect the melting point but make determining it difficult. Incomplete drying could cause the material to melt earlier or form hydrates with a different melting point, depending on solvent interactions. Raising the temperature too rapidly would result in an observed melting point that is too high as the sample lacks time to fully melt at its standard

Uploaded by

Einsh Monos
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© © All Rights Reserved
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POST LAB QUESTIONS

1. Is it advisable to use the temperature of solidification as the melting point of a solid?


Why?
Yes it is advisable only when the sample cannot be measured its melting point
directly, like in a melting point apparatus, then the freezing point (solidification
temperature) will be used as the melting point. Since liquids have a freezing point, a
characteristic temperature at which liquids turn into solid, because according to a
theory, the melting point of a solid should be the same as the freezing point of the
liquid. But there's a case where in other compounds tend to be in their lowest
temperature, this is when the temperature of solidification is not advisable to use as
the melting point of a solid because the particles in a solid are packed in a regular
structure that is characteristic of that particular substance. That is why when the
solution cools in a room temperature, it often does not solidify.

2. What would be the effect of each of the following conditions on a melting point
determination?
a. Presence of insoluble impurities
No impact on the melting point however there will be a difficulty
deciding on the melting point of the sample or compound.
b. Incomplete drying (i.e. incomplete removal of volatile solvent)
On the off chance that the material is soluble in the solvent it might
start to melt down and resemble a liquefy. On the off chance that the solvent
connects with the compound, for example, hydrate formation the melting point
of the new compound will be only determined. On the off chance that the
solvent dissipates or evaporate before the melting point it will leave the pour
compound which should melt normally. In addition to these effects are that
the sample might melt slightly lower than its standard melting point, or the
sample's melting point will be larger if it melts over a range of temperature. It
is because of the presence of the liquid. It reduces the vapour pressure of the
sample to some extent.
c. Temperature raised too rapidly
The melting point that had been observed will be too high since it was
not seen at a near equilibrium temperature overshoot. The sample won’t have
time to absorb heat and finish melting by its standard melting point.

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