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PUTNAM Estimation Model

The PUTNAM model is a theoretical multivariable dynamic model proposed by Lawrence Putnam in 1977 based on data from around 4000 projects. It assumes a specific distribution of effort over the software development lifecycle. A distinguishing feature is that total effort decreases as the time to complete the project is extended. For large projects, the Rayleigh-Norden curve models the relationship between manpower, effort, and time. The PUTNAM formula estimates effort as a function of lines of code, skill factor, productivity parameter, and project duration.

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742 views1 page

PUTNAM Estimation Model

The PUTNAM model is a theoretical multivariable dynamic model proposed by Lawrence Putnam in 1977 based on data from around 4000 projects. It assumes a specific distribution of effort over the software development lifecycle. A distinguishing feature is that total effort decreases as the time to complete the project is extended. For large projects, the Rayleigh-Norden curve models the relationship between manpower, effort, and time. The PUTNAM formula estimates effort as a function of lines of code, skill factor, productivity parameter, and project duration.

Uploaded by

Arun Vijay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PUTNAM Estimation Model

PUTNAM Model is:


- A theoretical multivariable dynamic model.
- Proposed by Lawrence Putnam in 1977
- Based on Data of around 4000 projects.
- Relationship between size and effort is non linear.
- It assumes a specific distribution of effort over the life cycle of software development.
- One of the distinguishing features of the Putnam model is that total effort decreases as the time
to complete the project is extended.
- For large software projects: the Rayleigh –Norden curve relating the manpower and effort is as
shown in fig:

Figure 11.1 Rayleigh –Norden curve

Formula:
E = [LOC x B 0.33 / P]3 x (1/ t4)
Where,
E =Effort
B=Special Skill Factor based on size
P=Productivity parameters
t =Project duration in months or years
Values of B,
B=0.39 for >=70 KLOC
B = 0.16 for 5-15 KLOC
Values of P (depends on technology & environment),
P=2,000 for Real time software
P=10,000 for system software and telecomm software
P=28000 for business system software

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