Math 201 Midterm
−1 3
1. If 𝐮 = [ ], 𝐯 = [ ], and 2𝐱 + 𝐮 = 3(𝐱 − 𝐯), solve for x. [7]
5 2
Solution:
−1 3 8
2𝐱 + 𝐮 = 3(𝐱 − 𝐯) ⇒ 𝐱 = 𝐮 + 3𝐯 = [ ]+ 3[ ] = [ ]
5 2 11
2. Find the general equation of the plane through the points 𝐴(1, 1, 0), 𝐵(1, 0, 1) and 𝐶(0, 1, 2). [8]
Solution: Let 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑐𝑧 = 𝑑 be the general equation of the plane. Then,
𝑎+𝑏 =𝑑
2 1
𝑎 + 𝑐 = 𝑑 ⇒ 𝑎 = 3 𝑑, 𝑏 = 𝑐 = 3 𝑑
𝑏 + 2𝑐 = 𝑑
∴ 2𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 3
3. Write true (T) or false (F) for the following statements in the table given below: [10]
(a) Every system of linear equations has a solution.
(b) Every homogenous system of linear equations has a solution.
(c) If a system of linear equations has more variables than equations, then it has infinitely many
solutions.
(d) If a system of linear equations has more equations than variables, then it has no solution.
(e) Determining whether b is in 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛(𝒂𝟏 , 𝒂𝟐 , ⋯ , 𝒂𝒏 ) is equivalent to determining whether the system
[𝑨|𝒃] is consistent, where 𝐴 = [𝒂𝟏 , 𝒂𝟐 , ⋯ , 𝒂𝒏 ].
(f) In R3, span(u, v) is always a plane through the origin.
(g) In R3, if nonzero vectors u and v are not parallel, then they are linearly independent.
(h) In R3, if a set of vectors can be drawn head to tail, one after the other so that a closed path
(polygon) is formed, then the vectors are linearly dependent.
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Math 201 Midterm
(i) If a set of vectors has the property that no two vectors in the set are scalar multiples of one
another, then the set of vectors is linearly independent.
(j) If there are more vectors in a set of vectors than the number of entries in each vector, then
the set of vectors is linearly dependent.
a b c d e f g h i j
T F F T F T T F T
F
4. Solve the system given below using either Gaussian or Gauss-Jordan elimination. [10]
𝑥 + 𝑦 + 4𝑧 = 1
2𝑥 − 𝑦 − 𝑧 = 2
−2𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝑧 = 1
Solution:
1 1 4 1 1 0 0 2
[ 2 −1 −1 2] ~ [0 1 0 3]
−2 2 1 1 0 0 1 −1
∴ 𝑥 = 2; 𝑦 = 3; 𝑧 = −1.
3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 1
5. Solve the linear system over Z5. [8]
𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 2
Solution:
3 2 1 1 4 2
[ ]~[ ]
1 4 2 0 0 0
𝑥 0 1 2 3 4
∴ [𝑦] = {[ ] , [ ] , [ ] , [ ] , [ ]}
3 4 0 1 2
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Math 201 Midterm
6. Find the point of intersection of the following lines, if it exists: [12]
𝑥 1 1 𝑥 5 −1
[𝑦] = [2] + 𝑠 [−1] 𝑎𝑛𝑑 [𝑦] = [−2] + 𝑡 [ 1 ]
𝑧 3 2 𝑧 −4 1
Solution:
1 1 5 −1 1 −1 5 1
[2] + 𝑠 [−1] = [−2] + 𝑡 [ 1 ] ⇒ 𝑠 [−1] − 𝑡 [ 1 ] = [−2] − [2]
3 2 −4 1 2 1 −4 3
𝑠+𝑡 4 1 1 4 1 0 −1
[−𝑠 − 𝑡] = [−4] ⇒ [−1 −1 −4] ~ [0 1 5 ] ⇒ 𝑠 = −1; 𝑡 = 5
2𝑠 − 𝑡 −7 2 −1 −7 0 0 0
𝑥 0
∴ 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛: [𝑦] = [3]
𝑧 1
3 1 1
7. Determine whether [ 5 ] is in the span of [1] and [ 2 ]. [7]
−1 3 −2
Solution:
3 1 1
[ 5 ] = 𝑎 [ 1] + 𝑏 [ 2 ]
−1 3 −2
1 1 3 1 0 1
[1 2 5 ] ~ [0 1 2] ⇒ 𝑎 = 1; 𝑏 = 2
3 −2 −1 0 0 0
3
Since, the solution is not trivial, [ 5 ] is in the span of the given vectors.
−1
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Math 201 Midterm
1 2
4 −2 1
8. Compute (𝐶𝐵)𝑇 − 𝐵𝑇 𝐶 𝑇 if 𝐵 = [ ] and 𝐶 = [2 1]. Show all your work. [8]
3 0 2
3 7
Solution:
(𝐶𝐵)𝑇 = 𝐵𝑇 𝐶 𝑇 ⇒ (𝐶𝐵)𝑇 − 𝐵𝑇 𝐶 𝑇 = 𝑶
(𝑖+𝑗−1)𝜋
9. Find the 4 × 4 matrix 𝐴 = [𝑎𝑖𝑗 ] that satisfies the following condition: 𝑎𝑖𝑗 = sin ( ). [10]
4
Solution:
1 1
1 0
√2 √2
1 1
0 −
𝑨= 1 √2 √2
1 0 1 −1
1 − 1
√2 − √2 −
[0 √2 −1 √2]
1 −2 0 3 2
10. Find the rank of the matrix 𝐴 = [3 −1 1 3 4 ]. [6]
3 4 2 −3 2
0 −5 −1 6 2
Solution:
1 −2 0 3 2 1 0 0.4 0.6 1.2
[3 −1 1 3 4 ] ~ [0 1 0.2 −1.2 −0.4]
3 4 2 −3 2 0 0 0 0 0
0 −5 −1 6 2 0 0 0 0 0
∴ 𝑹𝒂𝒏𝒌 (𝑨) = 𝟐
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Math 201 Midterm
11. A coffee merchant sells three blends of coffee. A bag of the house blend contains 300 grams of
Colombian beans and 200 grams of French roast beans. A bag of the special blend contains 200
grams of Colombian beans, 200 grams of Kenyan beans, and 100 grams of French roast beans. A bag
of the gourmet blend contains 100 grams of Colombian beans, 200 grams of Kenyan beans, and 200
grams of French roast beans. The merchant has on hand 30 kilograms of Colombian beans, 15
kilograms of Kenyan beans, and 25 kilograms of French roast beans. If he wishes to use up all of
the beans, how many bags of each type of blend can be made? [14]
Solution:
HB SB GB
CB 300 200 100
KB 0 200 200
FB 200 100 200
300𝑥1 + 200𝑥2 + 100𝑥3 = 30000
200𝑥2 + 200𝑥3 = 15000
200𝑥1 + 100𝑥2 + 200𝑥3 = 25000
300 200 100 30000 1 0 0 65
[ 0 200 200 15000] ~ [0 1 0 30]
200 100 200 25000 0 0 1 45
𝐻𝑜𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝐵𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑑: 65 𝑏𝑎𝑔𝑠
∴ 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝐵𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑑: 30 𝑏𝑎𝑔𝑠
𝐺𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝐵𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑑: 45 𝑏𝑎𝑔𝑠
=== End of the Test ===
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