PRESENTATION

ON
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE &
EXHIBTION ON SULFURIC ACID
PLANT TECHNOLOGY &
EQUIPMENT -2019
AT-MUMBAI
By
R.K.SINGH
Ch. Manager, SAP(Mech.)
CVV RAMAPRASAD
Sr.Manager,
SAP(Process)
S K SAHOO
A K SONI
 INTRODUCTION
It was two days International conference and exhibition on sulfuric acid plant,
tecnology and equipment, conducted by GEC in MUMBAI at Hotel NOVOTEL from
12th April to 13th April-2019.

DAY-1
Seasion-1: Technology Seasion-I
Chairman: Mr. Christer Anderson

1. Alternative Solution in Sulfuric Acid technology (Mr. Nikolay levin)

2. Digital Control System in Sulfuric Acid Plant (Mr. Shivendra Mishra, Honeywell)

3. Intelligent Ultrasonic Defect Detection System (Mr. Nishi Nishant, Detedct Technologies)

4. Desigining Revamp of 1 MTPA SAP (Mr Evgenii Grabun, NIUIF)

SESSION-II: Materials and Equipment

Session Chairman- Mr Bimal Gokuldas

1.Corrosion Technology For sulfuric acid Industry (Dr.V.S.Raja, IIT Bombay)

2 Corrosion Protection Paints in Chemical Plants (Mr C.Rane, Advanced Paints)

3 Entertainment Program
SESSION-III : Technology Session-II

1. Energy Recovery in SAP (Mr. M. Seth, GEC)

2. Next Generation Acid Tower (Mr. A. Seth, GEC)

3. Advacment and Operation of Sulfuric Acid catalyst (Ms. Liliya,

Tehmetall)

4. Fastest Built Sulfuric acid Plant ( Mr. K.Chandra Mohan, S.R.H.H)

5. Chemical Industry in Uzebkistan and Prosepects of SAP (Mr. R. Isaev)

4
SESSION-IV : Operations and Maintainance

1. Best Practices in Sulfuric Acid Plants and value added products

(Mr. Shiv Shukla, Sulfuric Solution)

2. Evolving Trends in Inspection (Mr. Amit Naik, TUV)

3.Improvments in IFFCO SAP (Mr. R.K Singh, IFFCO)

4Innovative Path-Breaking “Cold-Process” to Manufacture Sulphonating

Agents and Sulfur based Chemicals ( Navin. G. Ashar)

5
 OBJECTIVE OF CONFERENCE
vHear from domestic and international experts about
advancement in technology.

vLearn about current practices in Indian chemical plants.

vMeet industry personnel and network to exchange ideas.

WORKSHOP:
Workshop with experts and discussed isuued that plant is
facing

EXHIBITION:
Interact with products suppliers and service providers
IDEAS & PRACTICESE THAT MAY BE IMPLEMENTED IN
OUR PLANT

1. SOV may be installed in acid analyser sample line to collect

sample. Such type of process is used in Hindustan Zinc Ltd.

8
 Guided Ultrasonic Monitoring of Pipe Systems

GUMPS - (Guided Ultrasonic Monitoring Pipelines System), is a

one of a kind, intelligent sensor indispensable to any industry that
requires pipeline health and integrity monitoring to prevent
potentially hazardous leaks. It is the first continuous, real-time
pipeline monitoring system in the world that can work even at
extreme temperatures. The system is capable of detecting
corrosion as well as corrosion rates at any point of a pipeline for a
range of upto 60 metres from a fixed point. It also transmits the
data to any location using the cloud. The data is analysed using
intelligent algorithms and provides the state of the pipe line
including early detection of defects being formed and their growth
rates. In brief, GUMPS would act as an artificial nervous system,
continuously monitoring a huge network of pipelines and alerting
the plant for any impending leaks. 9
 KEY FEATURES OF GUMPS
 Permanently installed and continuous monitoring.

 Operating temperature range - 50 °C to 300 °C.

 Automatic alerts on corrosion growth.

 Data on pipe health at the comfort of Clients PC.

 Works without the requirement of any couplant at high

and low temperature.

Unique technology generates pure guided wave modes. This

material can operate up to 300 °C.
NOCTUA
A Truly automated Industrial Inspection drone

An intelligent drone for reliable inspection of assets- is

first of its kind truly automated drone. As the assets
differ in sizes and locations, Noctua can be programmed
to cater to specific requirements of each equipment such
as columns, vessels, reactors etc. This flight path is
repeatable with extreme precision making it a truly
repeatable periodic inspection. Noctua is the only drone
in the world, which can do a programmed flight indoors
owing to its unique positioning system. The calibration of
state of art thermal camera installed on Noctua is
maintained consistently by intelligent softwares.
KEY DIFFERENTIATING
FEATURES
3. Interconnection valve between acid and water line to change-over
acid and water circuit

4. Alloy tower instead of tradiationl tower may be used

5. Double layer candle filter may be used in IAT and FAT

Coming Technology that may replace DCDA in future....

1. Cold Process:

2. Tubler type converter instead

We shared the various modification done in SAP from years
to till and their advantages

 Very nicely presented by respected Mr. R K Singh (SAP-Mechanical), discussed over

company profile to various modifications done in SAP and how sulfuric acid production
improved and achieved target value.

• Modification in bricklining pattern of sulphur furnace

• Replacement of furnace

• Replacement of Hot & Cold Heat Exchanger

• Boiler By Pass Duct modification

• MOC up-gradation in Acid Coolers.

• MOC up-gradation of Acid Pump Tanks

• MOC up-gradation in U-Seal

• MOC up-gradation in Acid Piping, crossflow lines.

• MOC up-gradation conveyor rollers.

• Automatic Central lubrication System

• Self adjusting belt trackers.

• MOC up-gradation in Converter

17
• MOC up-gradation of Acid Distributer.
19
20
21
22
23
Queries arises and clarification with possible solution by
expert pannel and our team.

1. How to clean sulfates from economiser ?

2. Is big ring size catalyst active or not?

3. Maximum temperature difference can be achieved

across all beds ?

4. Controlling parameter to controll 1st bed pressure drop ?

5. How to minimize sulfur muck generation ?

6. HRS feasibility and advantages?

7. Can alloy saddles be used for packing instead of ceramic
saddles ?

8. How to increase plant production without any capital

invesment ?

9. Maximum life of catalyst in different bed ?

10. Advantage of alloy tower over traditional tower?

26
 LOCATION OF IFFCO PLANTS

Aonla

Kandla

Phulphur

Kalol
Paradeep
 ORIGIN OF IFFCO

IFFCO was established as the farmers’ own

initiative in Cooperative Sector on 3rd Nov.1967
with the proposed plants at Kalol & Kandla.

With the enactment of Multi State Co-operative

Societies Act 2002, IFFCO is deemed to be
registered as a Multi State Co-operative
Society. The society is fully owned by Co-
operatives.
GROWTH OF MEMBER SOCIETIES
(As on 31st March, 2018)
 IFFCO’S CONTRIBUTION OF
PHOSPHATIC FERTILIZER
Unit : Million MT

Production of 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

DAP/NP/NPK

All India 9.825 10.519 11.576 12.088 12.694 12.892

Paradeep 1.480 1.589 1.691 1.709 1.631 1.724

Kandla 1.868 1.603 1.642 2.256 2.520 2.390

Total IFFCO 3.348 3.192 3.333 3.965 4.151 3.763

IFFCO’s 34.4 % 30.3 % 28.8 % 32.8 % 32.7 % 29.2 %

Contribution
IFFCO- PARADEEP UNIT

31
 PRODUCTS
Intermediate
SAP & PAP PLANT
Ø Sulphuric Acid
Ø Phosphoric Acid

Final
Ø DAP (18:46:00)
DAP/NP PLANT
Ø NP (20:20:00:13)
Ø NPK-I (10:26:26)
Ø NPK-II (12:32:16)
SULPHURIC ACID PLANT

33
BASIC INFORMATIONS FOR
SAP
vThe sulphuric acid plant operates on the basis of
solid, bright sulfur and is intended for the
production of 98.5 % sulphuric acid.

vCapacity of the Plant: 2 x 3500 MT / day

vTechnology supplier: M/S LURGI GMBH
(Germany)
vConsultant: H & G, Mumbai.
vProcess : DCDA

34
 SULPHURICSulphuric
ACID FLOWAcidDIAGRAM
Plant
Steam

Sulphur Melter MSST

Filter
Storage

Recycle BFW
acid

Absorption
DM Tower Converter Boiler Furnace
Water

Steam to Power Plant

Product
Alkali
Sulphuric Acid Stack
Scrubber
to Storage

Acid Storage Tank

 INDEX
• Modification in bricklining pattern of sulphur furnace
• Replacement of furnace
• Replacement of Hot & Cold Heat Exchanger
• Boiler By Pass Duct modification
• MOC up-gradation in Converter
• MOC up-gradation of Acid Distributer.
• MOC up-gradation in Acid Coolers.
• MOC up-gradation of Acid Pump Tanks
• MOC up-gradation in U-Seal
• MOC up-gradation in Acid Piping, crossflow lines.
• MOC up-gradation conveyor rollers.
• Automatic Central lubrication System
• Self adjusting belt trackers.

37
MODIFICATION OF BRICKLINING IN
SULPHUR FURNACE
• Sharp change of radius .of curvature in brick lining at neck portion
was causing repeated failure of brick lining at this point

Brick lining angle in old

furnace 90 deg

38
Old lining design with 90 Deg neck portion design.
 MODIFICATION IN BRICKLINING
PATTERN (Contd.)
• Necessary design modification carried out in brick lining
pattern for getting increased life of brick lining and to
reduce forced breakdowns

Brick lining angle in

new furnace 45 deg

39
 MODIFICATION OF BRICKLINING IN
SULPHUR FURNACE. (Contd.)
• Additional expansion joint provided to accommodate
excess thermal expansion.
Neck portion brick lining design modified to improve
firing angle for ensuring brick lining thermal growth of
furnace in line with shell plate thermal growth .

Gradual increase in curvature for ensuring

synchronized thermal growth of shell and brick
lining

40
Modified brick lining pattern Improved neck design - 45° angle into the throat (SAP-1)
SULPHUR FURNACE REPLACEMENT

SAP-I Furnace replaced in 2015

SAP-II Furnace replaced in 2016

41
 REPLACEMENT OF COLD
& HOT HEAT EXCHANGERS IN SAP-1
Reason for the replacement:
Ø Stack emission was high.
Ø Plant load was kept low to maintain the stack emission
within statutory limit.
Ø Intermixing of gas was suspected.
Ø Inspection was carried out for both the heat exchangers
in ongoing major revamp-2016.
Ø 716 tubes & 169 tubes were plugged in CHE & HHE
respectively.
Ø Baffles were found damage.
Ø Thickness reduction were observed in tubes of both the
heat exchangers.

42
HOT HEAT EXCHANGER RFET REPORT

• RFET inspection was done for both the heat exchangers in

ongoing major revamp-2016.

• Thickness reduction is observed in tubes of both the heat

exchangers (Shown in next slides)

• Re-tubing of both the heat exchangers is required to be taken

up at earliest opportunity.

43
COLD HEAT EXCHANGER
RFET REPORT

44
 DESIGN DETAILS COLD HEAT
EXCHANGER
Sl No DESCRIPTION UNITS SHELL SIDE TUBE SIDE
1 FLUID SO2 & SO3 GAS SO2 & SO3 GAS
2 NO OF PASSES ONE ONE
3 WORKING PRESSURE KG/CM2 0.135/0.111 0.224/0.204
4 DESIGN PRESSURE KG/CM2 0.294/0.552
5 WORKING Oc 90/248 341/216
TEMPERATURE
6 DESIGN Oc 258 351
TEMPERATURE
7 MOC OF TUBES / NOS SA 192 Gr A / 2334 NOS OF DIA 60.3 MM X 2.9 MM
THK
8 MOC OF SHELL/TUBE SA516 GR 70- 8 MM TO 14 MM & TUBE SHEET 32
SHEETS MM THK
9 BOTTOM SHELL ASTM A 240 TP 316L – 10 MM THK
10 WEIGHT MT 193
 DESIGN DETAILS HOT HEAT
EXCHANGER
Sl No DESCRIPTION UNITS SHELL SIDE TUBE SIDE
1 FLUID SO2 & SO3 GAS SO2 & SO3 GAS
2 NO OF PASSES ONE ONE
3 WORKING PRESSURE KG/CM2 0.111/0.089 0.257/0.224

4 DESIGN PRESSURE KG/CM2 0.319/0.520

5 WORKING Oc 248/405 465/341

TEMPERATURE
6 DESIGN TEMPERATURE Oc 415 475

7 MOC OF TUBES / NOS SA 192 Gr A / 2334 NOS OF DIA 60.3 MM X 2.9 MM

THK
8 MOC OF SHELL/TUBE SA516 GR 70- 8 MM TO 14 MM & TUBE SHEET 32
SHEETS MM THK
9 BOTTOM SHELL ASTM A 387 GR 11 Cl.2 -14 MM THK
10 WEIGHT MT 193
DISMANTLING & REMOVAL OF BOTH
EXCHANGERS

INTER CONNECTING DUCT

TOP VESTIBULE TUBE BUNDLE

IN-SITU FABARICATION
ERECTION-BOTTOM VESTIBULE
 ERECTION-TUBE BUNDLE
ASSEMBLY & TOP VESTIBULE
INTER CONNECTING DUCTS
ASSEMBLY & INSULATION
 CHE & HHE REPLACEMENT

Benefits after replacement:

• Stack emission reduced within statutory

limit.
• Plant load increased to full capacity.

52
 BOILER BY PASS DUCT

• Boiler by pass duct in

SAP which was frequently
failing due to thermal
stresses and uneven
expansion of horizontal
and vertical bellows.

Boiler bypass duct before

modification with insulation
53
BOILER BY PASS DUCT

Boiler bypass duct failure

54
 BOILER BY PASS DUCT
• After several discussion & consultation with consultant &
bellow manufacturer. There were two option to overcome
the above failure.
Option-A
• Installation of new multi-convolution Bellow
• Brick lining inside the bellow & outlet horizontal duct up
to elbow
• Removal of insulation for heat dissipation
Option-B
• Reduce the length of hot portion of duct and upgrade the
MOC of duct to minimize the deformation.

It was decided to go for Option-A as it was less time taking

as well as cost effective.
55
• Expansion bellows were redesigned by M/s
Athulya Bellows – Baroda with multi convolutions ,
multi ply (4 X 3 ply) and with tie rods. Earlier it
was double convolution, single ply (3 mm thk.)

56
After completion of fabrication and installation of
bellows and duct, insulation was removed from
entire by pass duct.
Inside refractory lining done in horizontal portion of
by pass duct with insulation bricks of size
230*115*75/65

57
Boiler by pass duct after removal of
Insulation

58
 BOILER BYPASS DUCT

Benefits.

After this modifications in Boiler bypass duct, the system

is running smoothly since last three years.

59
 OPTION-B
Put on hold

Existing System Proposed Modified System

60
 MOC UPGRADATION OF
CONVERTER BED
To reduce inventory of catalyst trays for 3rd & 4th bed
(Converter # 2 – SA 204 Gr B) MOC up-graded to SS
304 H.

61
 MOC UPGRADATION OF ACID DISTRIBUTION
SYSTEM FROM CI TO ALLOY

Conventional acid distribution headers having MOC Cast

Iron replaced by Corfre A-10 in IAT & FAT and CorFre-
Asi in DT Tower.

BENEFITS

1. Light in Weight.
2. Easy in Installation.
3. Uniform distribution as well as absorption throughout
service life as hole size don’t increase with time.
4. Guaranteed Long service Life: Corrosion guarantee of
0.1mm per year.

62
MOC UPGRADATION OF ACID DISTRIBUTION
SYSTEM FOR IAT,FAT & DT

CI ACID DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

63
ALLOY ACID DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM (IAT & FAT-Corfre A10 & Corfre-Asi)
 MOC UPGRADATION OF ACID COOLERS
FROM ANODIC 316L TO ALLOY COOLER

PROBLEMS WITH ANODIC COOLERS

1. Tube Leakage at regular interval.
2. Cathodes were getting damaged & stuck off inside the
shell/baffle.
3. Detachment/damage of insulating PTFE cathode sleeves was
causing failure of coolers.
4. High Inventory/maintenance Cost of Cathodes & sleeves.

64
 UPGRADATION OF ANODIC PROTECTION ACID
COOLER TO ALLOY ACID COOLERS

Anodic Protection Acid Cooler SS 316L Alloy Acid Cooler

ALLOY ACID COOLER DETAILS

Sl. No Item Size(mm) Qty(Nos.) MOC

01 Shell(Acid Body) 1250 OD X 8 Thk X 6000 Lg 01 SX
02 Tubes 19.05 OD X 1.65 Thk X 6000 Lg 1147 Corfre A9
03 Tube Sheet 1444 OD X 40 Thk 02 Corfre A9
04 Acid Nozzles 508 OD X 10Thk 02 SX
65
05 Water Nozzles 1016 OD X 8 Thk 02 SS 304L
06 Water Channel box, Flange & blind -- -- SS 304L
 BENEFITS OF ALLOY ACID COOLERS AS
COMPARED TO ANODICALLY PROTECTED
COOLERS
1. No requirement of spare or dependence on vendors: Alloy Cooler has no
replacement of expensive spares such as cathode and electrical parts. No
dependence on vendors event after many years of operation
2. Thermally Optimized design: Cooler is normally designed in co-current design
and not in counter current design due to temperature restriction. Due to this it
has lower thermal efficiency than Alloy Coolers. Alloy Cooler has not problems
with high temperature therefore can be designed in counter current and
therefore is more thermally optimized and efficient.
3. Base material itself is corrosion resistant: If electronics system fails in AP cooler
then cooler can get damaged and corroded. Alloy Cooler material itself is
corrosion resistant so no dependency on any outside system.
4. Superior Erosion resistance: Increase in Acid velocity can cause failure in AP
Cooler. Alloy Cooler has no such problem.
5. Much Simplified Operation and Maintenance: It is easiest to operate an Alloy
Cooler which is a fit and forget solution. Special operator is not required to
maintain electronics and other factors.
6. Guaranteed Long Life: Corrosion guarantee of 0.1mm per year.

66
MOC UPGRADATION IN NEW ACID
PUMP TANK IN SULPHURIC ACID
PLANT
NEW ACID PUMP TANK WITH UPGRADED
MOC SPECIAL ALLOY
Conventional Acid
pump tanks having
MOC Carbon steel
with acid resistant
brick lining , upgraded
with special alloy
(Zero Corrosion)
67
ADVANTAGES

• Maintenance free operation of pump tanks

• No inventory carrying cost of bricks, mortars and
shell plate material etc. for pump tanks
• Reduced breakdowns of the plant
• Increased safety while working on pump roof tanks.
• Overall reliability improvement of the plant
68
PUMP TANKS Contd.

Alloy Pump tank CS with Brick lined Pump Tank

69
UPGRADED ALLOY U SEAL

• Conventional U seal having

MOC Cast Iron was first
upgraded to SS 316L &
now upgraded with Alloy
U-seal for IAT, FAT & DT

EARLIER DT U Seal- MOC SS 316L

DT U Seal- Alloy steel IAT & FAT U SEAL-Alloy steel

70
BENEFITS

1. Guaranteed Long Life: Corrosion guarantee of 0.1mm

per year

2. Light Weights

3. Easy in Installation

4. No carrying inventory

5. No acid leakages

71
ACID CIRCULATION PIPE LINES
HAVING MOC CAST IRON
UPGRADED WITH MOC –SS 316L

72
ADVANTAGES

1. SS 316L is light in weight, easy in installation and

has much better weldability resulting in ease of
maintenance.

2. Acid leakages in pipelines after MOC up-

gradation has reduced significantly.

3. Overall the up-gradation has resulted in low

inventory stock, less breakdowns and a very cost
effective and easy maintenance.

73
UPGRADATION OF CROSS FLOW ACID LINES

•PROBLEMS FACED WITH EXISTING 316L LINES

1. Acid concentration in these line is low and also

varies as per plant requirement and operating
parameters.

2. Very frequent acid leakage observed from these

lines.

3. SS 316 L material can't sustain such kind of low

concentrated acid flow.

74
 REPLACEMENT OF CROSS FLOW ACID
LINES FROM SS 316 L TO Corfre Alloy steel
DUE TO FREQUENT ACID LEAKAGES

Corfre Asi piping for DT Crossflow line Corfre A10 piping for IAT & FAT Crossflow line

75
Contd.

BENEFITS

1. More Service Life :Corrosion guarantee - 0.1mm per

year

2. Light Weights

3. Easy in Installation

4. No inventory carrying cost

76
 UPGRADATION OF CONVEYOR ROLLERS
FROM MS TO HPPE
PROBLEMS WITH MS ROLLERS:

1. MS idlers are prone to corrosion due to moisture in

coastal area.
2. Corroded idlers abrades the rubber belt and reduces
belt life
3. Fine material sticks to the return idlers and forms a
hard crust after certain period of time resulting in belt
running off-centre
4. MS Idlers are heavier
5. Inclusion of rubber makes the idlers more heavier
6. Variation in the wear of rubber lagging.

77
 HPPE ROLLER

HPPE which is an alternate to MS & Rubber lagged

Idlers
Ø It’s High performance polyethylene
Ø Outer body of the idlers
is HPPE
Ø Shaft is of composite
Material, made from fibre
glass, making it a
Non-metallic Idler.

ØMulti Labyrinth sealing System with SS 304 Dust cover

& circlip
Contd.

HPPE Carrying Idler Steel Carrying Idler

HPPE Impact Idler

MS with R/L Impact Idler 79
ADVANTAGES

1. Less Weight- 1/3rd the weight of steel roller

2. Self Cleaning -No material is stick to the body of roller,
hence roller cleaning is not required.
3. Power Saving- Reduction in power consumption due to
light weight
4. Belt Life- Extremely wear resistance & Increase belt life
5. Material deposition – almost NIL
6. Installation - HPPE idler fits easily in existing frames
without any modification.

80
AUTOMATIC CENTRAL LUBRICATION IN
STEEP ANGLE CONVEYOR

Existing Lubrication Practice-

1. Opening of top cover of plummer block
2. Manual cleaning
3. Manual greasing.
4. Unsafe due to space constraint and inclined
position.
AUTOMATIC CENTRAL LUBRICATION IN
STEEP ANGLE CONVEYOR

Problems faced
1. High lubrication frequency
2. Jamming of lubrication nipples and contamination of
grease due to heavy dust emission.
3. Plummer block top cover required to be opened for
cleaning of contaminated grease and proper
lubrication every time .
4. Stoppage of conveyor for greasing
5. Contamination of grease during application.
6. Premature failure of bearing.
 AUTOMATIC LUBRICATION SYSTEM

Solution-
Installed automatic
lubrication system.
Make- M/S Graco, USA

83
 AUTOMATIC CENTRAL LUBRICATION IN
STEEP ANGLE CONVEYOR
Benefits
i. Continuous lubrication
ii. Proper and controlled lubrication
iii. No contamination of lubricant .
iv. Saving in cost of manual lubrication.
v. Significant reduction in downtime.
vi. Bearing life increased ( till now no
prematured failure of bearing after new
lubrication system )
SELF ADUSTING BELT TRACKERS USED IN
SULPHUR CONVEYOR
Benefits:
• Belt life increased
•Material spillage reduced
•Enhanced safety.
•Maintenance cost & down time reduced.

Manual belt trackers Self adjusting belt trackers 85

www.iffco.in
 CHEM. COMPOSITION
Composition C Cr Ni Mo Cu Si Mn S P
%

304 0.08 Max 18-20 8-10.5 0 0 1 2 0.03 .045

304H 0.04-0.1 18-20 8-10.5 0 0 1 2 0.03 .045

316L 0.03 Max 16-18 10-14 2-3 0 1 2 0.03 .045

(Cb+T
ALLOY 20 0.06 Max 19-21 32.5-35 2-3 3-4 1 2 a)- 1% -

0.75- .7-1. 5.5-

ZECOR Z 0.06 Max 13-15 15-17 1.5 5 6.5 1.5 - -

1.5
ZECOR 310M - 22-27 16-23 - - Max 2 Max - -

87
 CHEM. COMPOSITION
Composition C Cr Ni Mo Cu Si Mn S P
%
P11 0.05-0 1-1.5 - 0.44-0. - 0.5-1 0.3-0.6 0.025 0.025
.15 65

P22 0.05-0 1.9-2. - 0.87-1. - 0.5Max 0.3-0.6 0.025 0.025

.15 6 13
COREFRE 0.08 19-31 20 5 5 4 2 0.03 0.05
A9 Max -3
9
COREFRE A 0.15 25-28 20 - - 0.30-0.65 2.5 0.03 0.03
10 Max -2
2
SX 0.025 17.5 19 .4 2 5-6 .5 0.03 0.045
Max .5

88