ThoroughTec Simulation (Pty) Ltd

PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FOR THE
KOMATSU PC3000-6E HYDRAULIC SHOVEL

DOCUMENT: 54-00504-PC6
Revision 0

ThoroughTec Simulation (Pty) Ltd

P O Box 1550, Umhlanga Rocks, 4320, Republic of South Africa
Telephone: +27 (0)31 569 4033
Fax: +27 (0)31 584 6044
E-mail: [email protected]

Classification: Commercial in Confidence

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Name: Ebrahim Vahed

ThoroughTec
Authored By
Technical Analyst
Sign: Date: 2017/01/04

Name: Rogelio Guzman-Martinez

ThoroughTec
Approved By
Project Manager
Sign: pp Date: 2017/01/04

Name: Donavan Ramsamy

ThoroughTec
Approved By
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Sign: Date: 2017/01/04

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 SCOPE ......................................................................................................................................................... 9
1.1 VEHICLE BRIEF ....................................................................................................................................9
1.2 SYSTEM OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................9
1.3 DOCUMENT OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................... 10
2 SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS .................................................................................................................. 11
2.1 SYSTEM DEFINITIONS ...................................................................................................................... 11
2.1.1 System Overview ......................................................................................................................... 11
2.1.2 The Visual System ....................................................................................................................... 11
2.1.3 The Motion System ...................................................................................................................... 12
2.1.4 The Audio System ........................................................................................................................ 12
2.1.5 The Head-Tracking System ......................................................................................................... 12
2.1.6 The Computing Segment ............................................................................................................. 12
2.1.7 The Instructor Operator Station (IOS) .......................................................................................... 12
2.2 CAB PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS ............................................................................................... 12
2.2.1 Operator Compartment Segment ................................................................................................ 12
2.2.2 Cab Instruments and Controls Segment ...................................................................................... 13
2.2.2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 13
2.2.2.2 Front Console – Pedal Controls ........................................................................................... 13
2.2.2.3 Left Console – Instruments and Controls ............................................................................. 14
2.2.2.4 Left Console – Control Lever ................................................................................................ 17
2.2.2.5 Left Console – External CCTV (Optional)............................................................................. 17
2.2.2.6 Left Console – Fire Suppression System (Optional) ............................................................ 18
2.2.2.7 Left Console – Mine Dispatch System (Optional) ................................................................. 18
2.2.2.8 Left Console – Collision Avoidance System (Optional) ........................................................ 18
2.2.2.9 Right Console – The Control Lever and Lock Lever ............................................................ 18
2.2.2.10 The Seat Assembly............................................................................................................... 19
2.2.3 CYBERMINE Software Segment .............................................................................................. 19
3 FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS ......................................................................................................... 20
3.1 3D WORLD FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS .............................................................................. 20
3.1.1 General World Operation ............................................................................................................. 20
3.1.1.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................... 20
3.1.1.2 The Shovel Loading Area ..................................................................................................... 22
3.1.1.2.1 Operating Procedures ....................................................................................................... 22
3.1.1.2.2 AI Haul Truck Payload Systems........................................................................................ 23
3.1.1.2.3 Instructor Options .............................................................................................................. 24
3.1.2 Start Positions .............................................................................................................................. 24
3.1.3 World Modifiers ............................................................................................................................ 25
3.1.3.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 25
3.1.3.2 Available World Modifiers ..................................................................................................... 25
3.1.4 Specific World Areas .................................................................................................................... 25
3.1.4.1 The Stockpile Loading Area ................................................................................................. 25
3.1.4.1.1 Instructor Planning Mode Options ..................................................................................... 25
3.1.4.1.2 Instructor Execution Mode Options ................................................................................... 26
3.1.4.1.3 Allow Operator to Relocate Shovel ................................................................................... 26
3.1.4.1.4 AI Haul Truck Misalignment .............................................................................................. 27
3.1.4.1.5 General Options around the Face ..................................................................................... 27
3.2 CAB-SPECIFIC FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS ........................................................................ 28
3.2.1 Vehicle Controls and Logic .......................................................................................................... 28
3.2.1.1 The Front Console – Pedal Controls .................................................................................... 28
3.2.1.1.1 The Close Bottom Dump Bucket Pedal ............................................................................ 28
3.2.1.1.2 The Open Bottom Dump Bucket Pedal ............................................................................. 29
3.2.1.1.3 The Right Track Travel Control Pedal ............................................................................... 29
3.2.1.1.4 The Left Track Travel Control Pedal ................................................................................. 30
3.2.1.1.5 The Slew Brake Pedal....................................................................................................... 30
3.2.1.2 The Left Console – Instruments and Controls ...................................................................... 30

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3.2.1.2.1 The Motor Ammeter Gauge .............................................................................................. 30

3.2.1.2.2 The Motor Voltmeter Gauge.............................................................................................. 30
3.2.1.2.3 The Hour Meter Gauge ..................................................................................................... 30
3.2.1.2.4 The Cab Voltmeter Gauge ................................................................................................ 30
3.2.1.2.5 The Hydraulic Oil Temperature Gauge ............................................................................. 31
3.2.1.2.6 The ETM Screen ............................................................................................................... 31
3.2.1.2.7 The ETM Keyboard ........................................................................................................... 31
3.2.1.2.8 The ETM Service Switch ................................................................................................... 31
3.2.1.2.9 The ETM Selector Switch .................................................................................................. 31
3.2.1.2.10 The ETM Enable Switch.................................................................................................. 31
3.2.1.2.11 The Main Working Light Switch ...................................................................................... 31
3.2.1.2.12 The Dashboard Light Switch ........................................................................................... 31
3.2.1.2.13 The Interior Light Switch ................................................................................................. 31
3.2.1.2.14 The Beacon Light Switch ................................................................................................ 32
3.2.1.2.15 The Windshield Washer Switch ...................................................................................... 32
3.2.1.2.16 The Windshield Wiper Switch ......................................................................................... 32
3.2.1.2.17 The Mirror Heating Switch............................................................................................... 32
3.2.1.2.18 The Slew Park Brake Switch ........................................................................................... 32
3.2.1.2.19 The Central Lubrication Switch ....................................................................................... 32
3.2.1.2.20 The Pinion Lubrication Switch ......................................................................................... 32
3.2.1.2.21 The Cab Ventilation Switch ............................................................................................. 32
3.2.1.2.22 The Emergency Stop Switch ........................................................................................... 32
3.2.1.2.23 The Motor Start Switch.................................................................................................... 33
3.2.1.2.24 The Motor Stop Switch .................................................................................................... 33
3.2.1.2.25 The Main Switch .............................................................................................................. 33
3.2.1.2.26 The Radio PTT Switch .................................................................................................... 34
3.2.1.3 The Left Console – Control Lever ......................................................................................... 34
3.2.1.3.1 The Left Control Lever ...................................................................................................... 34
3.2.1.3.2 The Stick Float OFF Switch .............................................................................................. 35
3.2.1.3.3 The Look Up Switch .......................................................................................................... 35
3.2.1.3.4 The Horn Switch ................................................................................................................ 35
3.2.1.3.5 The Look Down Switch ..................................................................................................... 35
3.2.1.4 The Right Console – Control Lever and Lock Lever ............................................................ 35
3.2.1.4.1 The Lock Lever ................................................................................................................. 35
3.2.1.4.2 The Right Control Lever .................................................................................................... 35
3.2.1.4.3 The Truck Counter Switch ................................................................................................. 36
3.2.1.4.4 The Motor Speed Selector Switches ................................................................................. 37
3.2.1.4.5 The Boom Float OFF Switch ............................................................................................. 37
3.2.1.5 The Seat Assembly............................................................................................................... 37
3.2.1.5.1 The Seat Belt .................................................................................................................... 37
3.2.2 Special Vehicle Functionality ....................................................................................................... 37
3.2.2.1 The Start-Up Procedure........................................................................................................ 37
3.2.2.2 The Shutdown Procedure ..................................................................................................... 37
3.2.2.3 The Electronic Text Monitoring (ETM) System ..................................................................... 38
3.2.2.3.1 ETM Event Classification and Priority ............................................................................... 38
3.2.2.3.2 ETM System Functionality ................................................................................................ 39
3.2.2.3.3 Keyboard Functionality...................................................................................................... 39
3.2.2.3.4 Simultaneous Messages ................................................................................................... 40
3.2.2.4 Simulated Vehicle Subsystems ............................................................................................ 40
3.2.2.4.1 The Hydraulic Oil Temperature Model .............................................................................. 40
3.2.2.4.2 The Hydraulic Oil Level Model .......................................................................................... 41
3.2.2.4.3 The Battery Voltage Model................................................................................................ 41
3.2.2.4.4 The Motor Voltage Model .................................................................................................. 41
3.2.2.4.5 The Motor Current Model .................................................................................................. 42
3.2.3 Audio Feedback Requirements ................................................................................................... 42
3.2.3.1 Motion Feedback Requirements ........................................................................................... 43
3.2.4 Equipment Faults ......................................................................................................................... 43
3.2.4.1 Pull Switch from Ground Man Actuated ................................................................................ 43
3.2.4.2 Hydraulic Oil Temperature High ........................................................................................... 44
3.2.4.3 Hydraulic Oil Level Low ........................................................................................................ 44

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3.2.4.4 Motor Fire ............................................................................................................................. 44

3.2.4.5 Automatic Fire Detection System Fault ................................................................................ 45
3.2.4.6 Cab Battery Voltage Low ...................................................................................................... 45
3.2.4.7 Transformer Temperature too High ...................................................................................... 45
3.2.5 Scoring ......................................................................................................................................... 46
3.2.5.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 46
3.2.5.2 Vehicle Specific Scoring Checks .......................................................................................... 46
3.2.5.2.1 Did not fasten the seat belt ............................................................................................... 46
3.2.5.2.2 Attempted to start motor with Lock Lever in the unlocked position .................................. 46
3.2.5.2.3 Started motor before self-test completed .......................................................................... 47
3.2.5.2.4 Used horn incorrectly when starting the motor ................................................................. 47
3.2.5.2.5 Attempted to start motor when Pull Switch from Ground Man fault is activated ............... 47
3.2.5.2.6 Operated machinery without warming up ......................................................................... 47
3.2.5.2.7 Used horn incorrectly when moving off ............................................................................. 47
3.2.5.2.8 Moved off with the Slew Park Brake released .................................................................. 47
3.2.5.2.9 Shifted track control too quickly when changing direction ................................................ 47
3.2.5.2.10 Incorrect bucket position when traveling ......................................................................... 48
3.2.5.2.11 Rotated undercarriage excessively without moving forward........................................... 48
3.2.5.2.12 Applied the Slew Park Brake whilst slewing ................................................................... 48
3.2.5.2.13 Attempted to slew before bucket cleared the ground ..................................................... 48
3.2.5.2.14 Used the bucket to stop slew motion .............................................................................. 48
3.2.5.2.15 Swept the floor with the bucket ....................................................................................... 48
3.2.5.2.16 Inefficient swing angle ..................................................................................................... 48
3.2.5.2.17 Under-loaded the bucket ................................................................................................. 48
3.2.5.2.18 Dug or excavated too low................................................................................................ 49
3.2.5.2.19 Dug or excavated outside of the allowable angle ........................................................... 49
3.2.5.2.20 Propelled with soil in the bucket ...................................................................................... 49
3.2.5.2.21 Propelled with the superstructure excessively rotated relative to the tracks .................. 49
3.2.5.2.22 Slewed the superstructure with the undercarriage raised by the bucket ........................ 49
3.2.5.2.23 Raised the undercarriage with the superstructure rotated relative to the tracks ............ 49
3.2.5.2.24 Continued vehicle operation with low hydraulic oil level ................................................. 49
3.2.5.2.25 Continued vehicle operation with low cab battery voltage .............................................. 50
3.2.5.2.26 Continued vehicle operation with high transformer temperature .................................... 50
3.2.5.2.27 Excessive loading of bucket clam hydraulic system ....................................................... 50
3.2.5.2.28 Hit the tracks with the working equipment ...................................................................... 50
3.2.5.2.29 Crashed the vehicle ........................................................................................................ 50
3.2.5.2.30 Shut down the motor with the bucket up ......................................................................... 50
3.2.5.2.31 Shut down the motor with the Lock Lever in UNLOCKED position ................................ 50
3.2.5.2.32 Did not relieve the pressure in the hydraulic system after shut down ............................ 51
3.2.5.2.33 Did not activate the fire suppression system .................................................................. 51
3.2.5.3 World Specific Scoring Checks ............................................................................................ 51
3.2.5.3.1 Did not signal haul truck to stop when correctly aligned for loading ................................. 51
3.2.5.3.2 Overloaded the haul truck ................................................................................................. 51
3.2.5.3.3 Under-loaded the haul truck .............................................................................................. 51
3.2.5.3.4 Incorrect load position on truck ......................................................................................... 51
3.2.5.3.5 Did not signal truck to move off when fully loaded ............................................................ 52
3.2.5.3.6 Collided with a vehicle ....................................................................................................... 52
3.2.5.3.7 Collided with the cable ...................................................................................................... 52
3.3 THE INSTRUCTOR STATION ............................................................................................................ 52
3.3.1 Create and Open Exercises ......................................................................................................... 52
3.3.1.1 General ................................................................................................................................. 52
3.3.1.2 Mission Settings .................................................................................................................... 52
3.3.1.2.1 Settings (No Mission Planning Functionality Included) ..................................................... 53
3.3.1.2.2 Settings (Mission Planning Functionality Included) .......................................................... 53
3.3.1.2.3 Tasks ................................................................................................................................. 54
3.3.1.2.4 Scoring Criteria ................................................................................................................. 56
3.3.1.3 Vehicle Settings .................................................................................................................... 57
3.3.1.3.1 Komatsu PC3000-6E ........................................................................................................ 57
3.3.1.3.2 CCTV Camera ................................................................................................................... 58
3.3.1.4 World Settings ...................................................................................................................... 58

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3.3.1.4.1 Environment ...................................................................................................................... 59

3.3.1.4.2 Modifiers ............................................................................................................................ 59
3.3.1.4.3 [Specific World Areas] ....................................................................................................... 59
3.3.1.4.4 Radio Chatter .................................................................................................................... 59
3.3.1.5 Training Aids ......................................................................................................................... 60
3.3.1.5.1 Task Tools ......................................................................................................................... 60
3.3.1.5.2 Message Viewer ................................................................................................................ 60
3.3.1.5.3 Head-Tracking ................................................................................................................... 60
3.3.1.5.4 Motion Platform ................................................................................................................. 62
3.3.1.6 2D and 3D World Viewer ...................................................................................................... 62
3.3.1.7 Instruments and Controls Display ......................................................................................... 62
3.3.1.8 Real-Time Graphs Display.................................................................................................... 62
3.3.1.9 Procedural Checks Display................................................................................................... 63
3.3.1.10 Real-Time Scores Display .................................................................................................... 63
3.3.2 Replay Exercises ......................................................................................................................... 63
3.3.3 Exercise Reports .......................................................................................................................... 64
3.3.3.1 The Procedural Scoring Report ............................................................................................ 64
3.3.3.2 The Emergency Situation Response Report ........................................................................ 64
3.3.3.3 The Productivity Report ........................................................................................................ 65
3.3.3.3.1 Timing Definitions .............................................................................................................. 65
3.3.3.3.2 Productivity Report Contents ............................................................................................ 65
3.3.4 Cost Reports ................................................................................................................................ 66
3.3.5 Usage Reports ............................................................................................................................. 66
3.3.6 Documents ................................................................................................................................... 66
3.3.7 User Management ....................................................................................................................... 66
3.3.8 System Diagnostics ..................................................................................................................... 67
4 APPENDIX A: PHYSICAL QUANTITIES USED IN THE REALITY MODELS ........................................... 68
4.1 General Specifications ........................................................................................................................ 68
5 APPENDIX B: FACTORY INSTALLATION OPTIONS............................................................................... 70
5.1 LEFT AND RIGHT CONTROL LEVER FUNCTIONS ......................................................................... 70
5.2 FLOAT POSITION WHILST DIGGING ............................................................................................... 70
5.3 BEACON LIGHT SWITCH .................................................................................................................. 70

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

2D - Two Dimensional
3D - Three Dimensional
3-DOF - 3 Degrees Of Freedom
6-DOF - 6 Degrees Of Freedom

AAR - After Action Review

AC - Alternating Current
ADT - Articulated Dump Truck
AI - Artificial Intelligence / Artificially Intelligent

CAT5 - Category 5 network cabling

CFE - Client Furnished Equipment
CFI - Client Furnished Information
Client - The company or organization purchasing the simulator from the Contractor
Contractor - ThoroughTec Simulation (Pty) Ltd
COTS - Commercial Off-The-Shelf
CYBERMINE - ThoroughTec’s mining simulator software suite from which the equipment specific
simulator software is derived

D/A - Digital To Analog

DC - Direct Current

ETM - Electronic Text Monitoring

HD - High Definition

I/O - Input / Output

ID - Identification
IOS - Instructor Operator Station
ISO - International Standard Organisation

kPa - Kilo Pascals

KPH or Km/h - Kilometres Per Hour

LAN - Local Area Network

LCD - Liquid Crystal Display
LDV - Light Delivery Vehicle
LED - Light Emitting Diode

MPH - Miles Per Hour

N/A - Not Applicable

PC - Personal Computer
PCB - Printed Circuit Board
PIP - Picture in Picture
PSI - Pounds per Square Inch
PTT - Press to Talk

RPM - Revolutions Per Minute

SME - Subject Matter Expert (a Client representative)

UPS - Uninterruptible Power Supply

USB - Universal Serial Bus

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VGA - Video Graphics Array

XGA - Extended Graphics Array

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1 SCOPE

1.1 VEHICLE BRIEF

The Komatsu PC3000-6E Hydraulic Shovel is used in surface mining excavation applications. The
shovel typically operates at a face where it is used to scoop up material and load haul trucks.
This shovel is designed for high productivity and reliability, offering powerful digging forces and
advanced hydraulics. The 12-cylinder diesel motor has a power output of 940kW at 1800RPM. The
undercarriage is fitted with two tracks capable of propelling the machine at up to 2.4KPH. The swing
drive is capable of rotating the upper carriage at speeds of up to 4.6RPM.
The operating weight of this vehicle (with shovel attachment) is approximately 250 tonnes. The shovel
3
bucket capacity is 15m matched to a haul truck load or bin capacity of between 75 and 150 tonnes.

1.2 SYSTEM OVERVIEW

The Client has a requirement for a simulator system for the training, re-training and evaluation of
operators of Komatsu PC3000-6E Hydraulic Shovel operating in a surface mining environment.
The system consists of a set of up to four projected display screens providing up to 360° horizontal field
of view within which the equipment operates in a 3D virtual surface mining world. The operator
executes all tasks from a replica of the cab interior, which consists of the seat surrounded by fully
functional controls (including levers, switches and gauges).
This simulator provides the following major functionality.
 The Komatsu PC3000-6E Hydraulic Shovel will operate inside a virtual 3D world.
 The Komatsu PC3000-6E Hydraulic Shovel will be capable of loading simulated haul trucks in
select areas.
 The Komatsu PC3000-6E Hydraulic Shovel will be capable excavating in select areas.
 The Komatsu PC3000-6E Hydraulic Shovel will be capable of hoisting, crowding, slewing and
tramming.
 The operator will be scored against the procedural and safety checks detailed in this document.
 The instructor will be able to prepare and tailor exercises for the student to execute.
 The instructor will be able to monitor and evaluate the student while the simulation is running.

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 The instructor will be able to inject fault conditions detailed in this document, both before and during
exercise execution.
 The instructor will be able to review the student’s exercises.
 The Komatsu PC3000-6E Hydraulic Shovel will be manufactured in a swap-out cab design.
 The Komatsu PC3000-6E Hydraulic Shovel will be capable of operating on 6-DOF motion
platforms.

1.3 DOCUMENT OVERVIEW

This document defines the physical and functional performance specifications for the CYBERMINE
Komatsu PC3000-6E Hydraulic Shovel simulator.

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2 SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS

2.1 SYSTEM DEFINITIONS

2.1.1 System Overview

CYBERMINE Simulator systems are available in one of two configurations: “Containerised” or “Fixed
Facility”.
In Containerised configurations, the entire simulator system is housed in a well-appointed, self-
contained 6m “high cube” container (based on the ISO standard), which also facilitates ease of
transport. The simulator requires only a stable power supply to operate.
The Fixed Facility configuration requires installation of the simulator system within an existing facility
that is designed to provide the stable power supply, air-conditioning requirements and load-bearing
specifications required by the simulator system.
Examples of the high level CYBERMINE Containerised and Fixed Facility mining simulator Base Units
[1]
are shown below :

The sub-systems used within each of the Base Unit types are described in the sections that follow.

2.1.2 The Visual System

Depending on the Base Unit and cab configuration, up to four high quality, high resolution projection
based display systems provide either 270° or 360° horizontal field-of-view to the operator when viewing
from within the cab. Each display is driven from a dedicated state-of-the-art graphics channel to provide
optimum refresh rates during the operating experience.
Each graphics channel displays the photo-realistic simulated 3D world in real time from the operator’s
perspective, providing a highly realistic operating experience.

[1]
The Base Unit shown is the CYBERMINE-4 version. Due to continual product advances, the Base Unit in which the simulated cab is
deployed may differ from that described in this section.

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2.1.3 The Motion System

Depending on the option purchased, a high fidelity motion feedback system imparts up to six degrees-
of-freedom (i.e. roll, pitch, yaw, surge, sway and heave feedback).
This feedback has been designed to impart both acceleration and deceleration cues, together with
vehicle attitude cues, to the operator during the simulation.

2.1.4 The Audio System

The sound levels experienced by the operators of typical mining vehicles and equipment require a high
quality sound feedback system. The audio sub-system equipment integrated with the simulator provides
high fidelity surround sound feedback with volume adjust capabilities.
The operator is thus immersed in a highly realistic simulated environment which replicates the visual,
aural, tactile and inertial experience of the real world.

2.1.5 The Head-Tracking System

Depending on the Base Unit and cab, a state-of-the art head-tracking system is fitted that continually
monitors the position of the operator’s upper body to provide highly realistic 3D feedback that allows the
operator to look around closer objects in the world to see more distant objects that would otherwise
have been obscured.
No additional apparel needs to be worn by the operator, making this system both extremely robust and
completely transparent to the operator.

2.1.6 The Computing Segment

The cornerstone of the simulator design is the optimum use of COTS (commercial off-the-shelf)
equipment for long-term maintainability and life-cycle upgrades. The computing segment is constructed
from state-of-the-art COTS based PC equipment specifically designed for containerised transport and
operation.

2.1.7 The Instructor Operator Station (IOS)

The IOS is a separate station at which the Instructor or Supervisor is able to construct, initiate, control,
monitor, record and evaluate training exercises. The IOS incorporates standard keyboard, mouse and
1
joystick input devices and boasts two wide screen HD (1920x1080 resolution) displays for full exercise
planning, control and feedback.
The IOS doubles as a comfortable office area and provides connection points at the Instructor desk for
external LAN, laptop power and telephone. The IOS comes complete with A4 printer for the hard copy
of performance results.

2.2 CAB PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

2.2.1 Operator Compartment Segment

In general, the physical characteristics of this CYBERMINE simulator cab will be similar to those of the
real equipment, to facilitate psychological acceptance of the unit as a realistic training aid.

1
Display monitor configuration and office environment features are Base Unit dependent. The features described here are applicable to
the CYBERMINE-4 version Base Unit. Due to continual product advances, the Base Unit in which the simulated cab is deployed may
differ from that described in this section.

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All instruments and controls that are not physically located within the operator’s compartment areas will
be specifically excluded from the simulator.
Only those instruments and controls that are pertinent to the operator’s tasks will be replicated and
made functional by the simulation software.
All operator control panels will be built to be similar in look and colour to that of the actual equipment.
The operator’s seat will be mounted at a similar position relative to the controls as per the actual
equipment.
The cab will be mounted upon the motion platform assembly. The operator’s cab will be
interchangeable with other compatible CYBERMINE simulated cabs.

2.2.2 Cab Instruments and Controls Segment

2.2.2.1 Introduction

A set of proprietary I/O PCBs form the heart of this Segment and provide the interface to all relevant
instruments and controls forming part of the simulation.
Note: Final implementation of the vehicle’s interior may differ from the images provided.
Note: Instrumentation and/or controls labelled as “Optional” in the tables below will be omitted by
default in the replicated cab; the design allows for this instrumentation to be fitted or omitted as required
by specific client requirements, if specifically requested by the customer prior to the cab leaving the
factory.

2.2.2.2 Front Console – Pedal Controls

No. Control Name Control Type

1 Close Bottom Dump Bucket Pedal Pedal (Potentiometer)

2 Open Bottom Dump Bucket Pedal Pedal (Potentiometer)

3 Left Track Travel Control Pedal Pedal (Potentiometer)

4 Right Track Travel Control Pedal Pedal (Potentiometer)

5 Slew Brake Pedal Pedal (Potentiometer)

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2.2.2.3 Left Console – Instruments and Controls

No. Control Name Control Type

1 Motor Ammeter Gauge Analogue Gauge

2 Motor Voltmeter Gauge Analogue Gauge

3 Hour Meter Gauge Digital Gauge

4 Cab Voltmeter Gauge Analogue Gauge

5 Hydraulic Oil Temperature Gauge Analogue Gauge

8 ETM Screen VFD 232 2-line, digital LCD Panel

9 ETM Keyboard 8 Button membrane keypad, with the following

buttons:
 MESSAGE
 UP
 DOWN
 PAGE NO
 SYSTEM
 DATA OUT
 PRO
 STA

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No. Control Name Control Type

10 ETM Service Switch 2 Position latched key switch:

 Off
 On

11 ETM Selector Switch 4 Position latched rotary switch:

 0 - Off
 1 - Date
 2 - Time
 3 – Hours

12 ETM Enable Switch 2 Position latched key switch:

 Off
 On

13 Acoustic Signal Emitter No I/O requirement

14 Main Working Light Switch 2 Position latched rotary switch:

 0: Off
 1: On

15 Dashboard Light Switch 2 Position latched rotary switch:

 0: Off
 1: On

16 Interior Light Switch 2 Position latched rotary switch:

 0: Off
 1: On

17 Beacon Light Switch 2 Position latched rotary switch:

 0: Off
 1: On

18 Windshield Wiper Switch 4 Position latched rotary switch:

 Fully CCW: Off
 Rotated once CW: Interval
 Rotated twice CW - Slow
 Fully CW: Fast

19 Windshield Washer Switch 2 Position momentary rotary switch:

 CW: On
 Released: Off

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No. Control Name Control Type

21 Mirror Heating Switch 2 Position latched rotary switch:

 0: Off
 1: On

22 Slew Park Brake Switch 2 Position latched switch:

 Up (Pull out first): Released
 Down: Applied

23 Central Lubrication Switch 2 Position latched rotary switch:

 CW: On
 CCW: Off

24 Pinion Lubrication Switch 2 Position latched rotary switch:

 CW: On
 CCW: Off

25 Cab Ventilation Switch 3 Position latched rotary switch with one integrated
lamp (Amber):
 0 - Off
 1 - Low
 2 – High

26 Emergency Stop Switch 2 Position latched push button switch (mushroom

head):
 Push: On
 Twist CW and Pull Up: Off

27 Motor Start Switch 2 Position momentary rotary switch:

 CW: On
 Released: Off

29 Motor Stop Switch 2 Position momentary rotary switch:

 CW: Stop
 Released: Off

30 Main Switch 2 Position latched key switch:

 0: Off
 1: On

N/A Radio PTT Switch with Radio Fascia Radio PTT Switch with Radio Fascia
 Depressed: On
 Released: Off

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2.2.2.4 Left Console – Control Lever

No. Control Name Control Type

4
3
2
1

1 Left Control Lever 2 Axis Lever with square gate and spring return to
centre

2 Horn Switch 2 Position momentary push button switch:

 Depressed: On
 Released: Off

3a Look Up Switch 2 Position momentary push button switch:

 Depressed: On
 Released: Off

3b Look Down Switch 2 Position momentary push button switch:

 Depressed: On
 Released: Off

4 Stick Float OFF Switch 2 Position momentary push button switch:

 Depressed: On
 Released: Off

5 Lock Lever 2 Position rotary lever:

 L – Locked
 F – Unlocked

2.2.2.5 Left Console – External CCTV (Optional)

Please refer to ThoroughTec document ‘Product Specification for Third Party Equipment’ for further
information on this device.

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2.2.2.6 Left Console – Fire Suppression System (Optional)

Please refer to ThoroughTec document ‘Product Specification for Third Party Equipment’ for further
information on this device.

2.2.2.7 Left Console – Mine Dispatch System (Optional)

Please refer to ThoroughTec document ‘Product Specification for Third Party Equipment’ for further
information on this device.

2.2.2.8 Left Console – Collision Avoidance System (Optional)

Please refer to ThoroughTec document ‘Product Specification for Third Party Equipment’ for further
information on this device.

2.2.2.9 Right Console – The Control Lever and Lock Lever

No. Control Name Control Type

4
3
2
1

1 Right Control Lever 2 Axis Lever with square gate and spring return to
centre

2 Truck Counter Switch 2 Position momentary push button switch:

 Depressed: On
 Released: Off

3(a) Motor Speed Selector Switch: Low Idle 2 Position momentary push button switch:
 Depressed: On
 Released: Off
Note: Only applicable on Diesel Hydraulic Vehicles

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No. Control Name Control Type

3(b) Motor Speed Selector Switch: High Idle 2 Position momentary push button switch:
 Depressed: On
 Released: Off
Note: Only applicable on Diesel Hydraulic Vehicles

4 Boom Float OFF Switch 2 Position momentary push button switch:

 Depressed: On
 Released: Off

2.2.2.10 The Seat Assembly

Control Name Control Type

Seat Belt Switch 2 Position Latched Switch (integrated with the seat belt
stalk):
 Seat Belt Unlatched: Unlatched
 Seat Belt Latched: Latched
Note: This switch will only be operational when the
motion platform is powered up and functional.

2.2.3 CYBERMINE Software Segment

The Komatsu PC3000-6E Hydraulic Shovel CYBERMINE Software Segment will consist of the
CYBERMINE software application suite tailored to the product specifications of this operational mining
equipment, as described in this document.

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3 FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS

3.1 3D WORLD FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS

3.1.1 General World Operation

Unless a specific “Own Mine World” was purchased with this simulator, this vehicle will operate in a
section of ThoroughTec’s “Viking Ridge” generic surface mining world, described in detail under the
sub-sections that follow.

3.1.1.1 Overview

The following general areas of operation will be included in the operational area of this 3D world for use
across all vehicle types for which it has been designed, as further detailed in this document:
 Shovel Loading Area
 Excavator Waste Loading Area
 Wheel Loader Loading Area
 Crusher Areas
 Waste Dump Area
 Lube Module
 Workshop
 Traffic Circle
 Switchout Shack
 Water Tree
 Water Sump
 Wash Bay
A 2D representation of the mine world, features and vehicle paths is shown in the figure below.

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3.1.1.2 The Shovel Loading Area

3.1.1.2.1 Operating Procedures

Note: The Shovel referred to below is the own-vehicle. The Haul Trucks are all AI Haul Trucks.
The Shovel operator will be expected to interact with the AI Haul Trucks in the following way:
 The Shovel will be capable of performing visible or blind-sided loading.
 When arriving at a loading area, each AI Haul Truck will queue at a common Queuing Point
facing the Shovel, waiting for the Shovel to position its bucket over the Loading Point.
 The Shovel will fill its bucket up in a single scoop and when full, a curtain of dust will be seen to
fall from the tip of the bucket.
 While executing visible or blind side loading, the Haul Truck’s approach will be as follows:
o If the Loading Point is occupied by another truck, the Haul Truck at the Queuing Point
will wait until the occupying truck has left this zone.
o The leading Haul Truck will only start moving towards the Reversing Point from the
Queueing Point when the Shovel operator extends a full bucket to the position under
which the Haul Truck is expected to reverse (the Loading Point).
o The Haul Truck will then reverse to the Loading Point.
o The Shovel will sound one short horn blast (between 0.5s and 2s) for the Haul Truck to
stop when correctly aligned.
o The Shovel will sound three short horn blasts if the Haul Truck is required to realign.
 In all cases, the Shovel will load the Haul Truck with five full loads and then sound one long
horn blast indicating that the Haul Truck is fully loaded and should leave the loading area.
 The Haul Truck will leave the loading area and travel to the Crusher area (Crushers 10 and 11)
to dump its load.
Note: If the Shovel operator creates spillage along the Haul Truck’s path to the Loading Point, the Haul
Truck will wait at the Reversing Point. Once the area is clear of spillage, the Haul Trucks will be allowed
to reverse to the Loading Point.
One AI Dozer will be located in this area that will automatically approach the face and clean the area
once the Shovel has moved outside of its Operational Zone (the green zone shown in the figure below)
and there is material present to be cleaned by the AI Dozer.

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3.1.1.2.2 AI Haul Truck Payload Systems

The external structure of each AI Haul Truck will have one or both of two types of payload systems
showing the current load in the bin of the truck. These systems may be used by the operator to
determine whether to continue loading the truck when operating.
The two systems are described in the sections that follow.

3.1.1.2.2.1 Payload System 1: Loading Lights

A set of three lights (GREEN, AMBER and RED) mounted on the side of each AI Haul Truck will be
used to signal the current load and estimated next load in the bin of the truck whilst the truck is being
loaded. The states of the three lights for different bin loads are shown in the table below:

State Loading State Description Green Amber Red

1 Current load is less than 50% of bin capacity Off Off Off

2 Next bucket load will exceed 50% of bin capacity Flashing Off Off

3 Current load exceeds 50% of bin capacity On Off Off

4 Next bucket load will exceed 90% of bin capacity On Flashing Off

5 Current load is between 90% and 105% of bin capacity On On Flashing

6 Current load exceeds 105% of bin capacity On On On

3.1.1.2.2.2 Payload System 2: LED Display

A 3-digit LED display mounted on the side of each AI Haul Truck will be used to display the current load
in the bin of the truck whilst the truck is being loaded. This display will show the current load in the bin,
in metric tonnes.

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3.1.1.2.3 Instructor Options

The instructor will have the option of activating or deactivating up to four AI Haul Trucks to service the
Shovel Loading Area. The default number of AI Haul trucks will be four.
The instructor will have the following additional options available for this area:

Reset Face
When this button is pressed, the deformable terrain (i.e. the dynamic face at which the operator is
digging) will be reset to its original state.
Note: This functionality is provided to allow the instructor to continue with a training exercise in the
event that the trainee has amassed major spillage to the point where the exercise goals are hampered.

Clear Spillage
When this button is pressed, any spillage that has accumulated resulting from the Shovel loading the AI
Haul Trucks will be automatically cleared.
Note: This functionality is provided to allow the instructor to continue with a training exercise in the
event that the trainee has amassed major spillage to the point where the exercise goals are hampered.

Automatic Clear Spillage

When this option is enabled, any spillage resulting from the Shovel loading the AI Haul Trucks will be
immediately cleared automatically (as it occurs).
Note: This functionality is provided to allow the instructor to execute a training exercise without being
hampered by accumulated spillage.

Next Truck Should Misalign

This option allows the instructor to disable and enable the forced misalignment of the next AI Haul
Truck that attempts to align under the Shovel’s bucket.
While misalignment has been disabled, AI Haul Trucks will reverse to the correct Loading Point every
time.
When misalignment has been enabled, the next AI Haul Truck will reverse to the incorrect Loading
Point. In this event, the Shovel operator will be expected to signal the AI Haul Truck to realign (see
Operating Procedures above) before loading may begin.
Once prompted to realign, the AI Haul Truck will automatically drive forward to the Reversing Point and
proceed to correctly align at the Loading Point. The “Next Truck Should Misalign” option will be
automatically disabled as the AI Haul Truck stops at the Reversing Point.

3.1.2 Start Positions

The following starting positions within the 3D World will be available to an exercise in both the Planning
and Execution phases:
 At the Face: The own-vehicle will start close to the face ready for digging.
 Travel to Face: The own-vehicle will start several metres away from the face ready
such that the operator will be required to propel to the face to
commence digging.
Note: The default start positions will be overridden by any set Mission Planner start positions, as
applicable.

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3.1.3 World Modifiers

3.1.3.1 Introduction

The instructor will be able to enable and disable the appearance or behaviour of world options (world
modifiers) that may appear in the 3D world as an exercise is executed. The set of predefined additional
world modifiers available to the ThoroughTec’s generic surface mine are detailed in the subsections
that follow.

3.1.3.2 Available World Modifiers

The following set of predefined world modifiers available for operator training are detailed in the
following table:

World Modifier Functional Description Default

LDV The instructor will have the option to enable or disable the presence of Enabled
an AI LDV in the world.

Water Tankers The instructor will have the option of enabling the presence of one or Both Enabled
two AI Water Tankers to facilitate training of the operator in correct
traffic procedures.

Bus The instructor will have the option to enable or disable the presence of Enabled
an AI Bus in the world.

Grader The instructor will have the option to enable or disable the presence of Enabled
an AI Grader in the world.

Waste Dump Dozer The instructor will have the option to enable or disable the presence of Enabled
an AI Dozer in the Waste Dump Area.

3.1.4 Specific World Areas

3.1.4.1 The Stockpile Loading Area

3.1.4.1.1 Instructor Planning Mode Options

When in Planning mode, the instructor will be able to set the following world features, modifiers and AI
entity behaviour under this World option:
 Set the number of AI haul trucks that will service the own-vehicle shovel in this area during
Exercise Execution. The default value is two AI trucks, but this value may be set to be between
zero and eight AI haul trucks that may service the own-vehicle shovel.
 Set the Loading Type for the exercise that will be applied and remain fixed during Exercise
Execution, selected from one of the following:
o Visible Side Loading (i.e. loading on the visible side only)
o Blind Side Loading (i.e. loading on the blind side only)
 If the selected Loading Type involves loading on the visible side (i.e. Visible Side Loading),
independently enable or disable the following options:
o Shovel Required to Spot Haul Trucks: When this option is enabled, the own-vehicle
shovel operator will be expected to spot the AI haul truck before the AI haul truck will
reverse under the bucket for loading; otherwise the AI haul truck will automatically
reverse when there is no other AI haul truck that impedes its progress to be loaded.

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o Haul Trucks Wait at the Reversing Point: When this option is enabled, the AI haul
trucks will wait at the Reversing Point until no other haul truck impedes its progress to
the shovel’s bucket; otherwise the AI haul trucks will wait at the Queuing Point until no
other haul truck impedes its progress to be loaded.
Note: When the “Shovel Required to Spot Haul Trucks” option is set to disabled, the
“Haul Trucks Wait at the Reversing Point” will be automatically disabled – i.e. the
Waiting Point will be set to the Queuing Point for that exercise.
 If the selected Loading Type involves loading on the blind side (i.e. Blind Side Loading),
independently enable or disable the following loading option:
o Haul Trucks Wait at the Reversing Point: When this option is enabled, the AI haul
trucks will wait at the Reversing Point until no other AI haul truck impedes its progress
to the shovel’s bucket; otherwise the AI haul trucks will wait at the Queuing Point until
no other AI haul truck impedes its progress to be loaded.
Note: The shovel operator will always be required to spot haul trucks when executing
loading on the blind side, hence no option is provided for this.

3.1.4.1.2 Instructor Execution Mode Options

When in Execution mode, the instructor will be able to view and/or edit the following world features,
modifiers and AI entity behaviour patterns set during the Planning phase:
 View and alter the number of AI haul trucks that will service the own-vehicle shovel in this area,
between zero and eight AI haul trucks.
 View the Loading Type set for the exercise during the Planning phase (no alteration permitted).
 View the Loading Options set for the exercise during the Planning phase for the defined
Loading Type (no alteration permitted).
 View the face characteristics set for the exercise during the Planning phase (no alteration
permitted).
In addition to the above, when in Execution mode, the instructor will be able to set the following world
features, modifiers and AI entity behaviour patterns:
 Allow Operator to Relocate Shovel: Enable or disable the presence of the cable to allow
the operator to relocate the shovel across the face
 Next Truck Should Misalign: Enable or disable the forced misalignment of the
next AI haul truck that attempts to align under the
shovel’s bucket.
 General Options around the Face: Enable or disable the automatic clearance of spillage
near the face, manually clear any spillage near the
face and reset the face to its original state (see
section 3.1.4.1.5).

3.1.4.1.3 Allow Operator to Relocate Shovel

The simulated shovel will have a trailing cable that will be able to move with the shovel as the shovel
propels across the face up to a distance of approximately 5m, emulating the cable unreeling process.
It is the responsibility of the shovel operator to ensure that the tracks do not collide with the cable
while reversing or turning the shovel. The operator will have to make use of a cable ball (pictured
below) in order to pick up the cable while tramming.

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If the trailing cable extends to its limits due to excessive movement of the shovel across the face, the
simulated high voltage supply will be cut, simulating a breakage in the cable switching off the electric
current to the vehicle. The instructor will be required to reset the shovel to re-enable it again.
If the operator needs to propel the shovel beyond the limits of the length of the trailing cable, the
instructor will be required to manually enable and disable this “Allow Operator to Relocate Shovel”
option, as follows:
 When this option is enabled, the cable will disappear from view and the shovel will be free to
propel and reposition anywhere along the face. This provides a simplified simulation of the
process of using a dozer to drag the cable to the new location.
 When the operator has propelled the shovel to the required location, the instructor will be
required to manually disable this option, where after the cable will be re-displayed at the
correct position relative to the shovel.

3.1.4.1.4 AI Haul Truck Misalignment

When AI haul truck misalignment has been disabled using the “Next Truck Should Misalign” option, AI
haul trucks will reverse to the correct Dumping Point every time.
When AI haul truck misalignment has been enabled, the affected AI haul truck will reverse to the
incorrect Dumping Point. In this event, the shovel operator will be expected to signal the AI haul truck
to realign under the bucket (via three horn blasts) before loading may begin.
Once prompted to realign, the AI haul truck will automatically drive forward to the Reversing Point and
proceed to correctly align under the shovel at the Dumping Point. The “Next Truck Should Misalign”
option will be automatically disabled at the instructor station during this process.

3.1.4.1.5 General Options around the Face

The following functions and options will only be available during the Execution phase:

Clear Dirt
When this button is pressed, any spillage that has accumulated resulting from the shovel loading the
AI haul trucks will be automatically cleared.
Note: This functionality is provided to allow the instructor to continue with a training exercise in the
event that the trainee has amassed major spillage to the point where the exercise goals are
hampered.

Reset Face
When this button is pressed, the deformable terrain (i.e. the dynamic face at which the trainee shovel
operator is digging) will be reset to its original state.
Note: This functionality is provided to allow the instructor to continue with a training exercise in the
event that the trainee has amassed major spillage to the point where the exercise goals are
hampered.

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Automatically Clear Spillage

When this option is enabled, any spillage resulting from the shovel loading the AI haul trucks will be
immediately cleared automatically (as it occurs).
Note: This functionality is provided to allow the instructor to execute a training exercise without being
hampered by accumulated spillage.

3.2 CAB-SPECIFIC FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS

3.2.1 Vehicle Controls and Logic

3.2.1.1 The Front Console – Pedal Controls

3.2.1.1.1 The Close Bottom Dump Bucket Pedal

Note: This pedal is used to close the bucket clam (A in the figure above).
The bucket clam will not move while any one of the following conditions occurs:
 The Lock Lever is in the Locked position; or
 The simulated Service Arm state is set to LOWERED; or
 The motor is not RUNNING; or
 The Hydraulic Oil Temperature exceeds 95°C.
Other than under the above conditions:
 While the bucket clam is not fully closed, depressing this pedal will cause the bucket to close at
a rate proportional to the pedal deflection such that the bucket clam will move from fully open to
fully closed in approximately 5s.
 While the bucket clam is fully closed and this pedal has been depressed for a period exceeding
approximately 1s:
o The Acoustic Warning Signal will sound; and
o ETM Event No. 52 will be set to ACTIVATED; and
o Releasing this pedal will silence the Acoustic Warning Signal and set ETM Event No.
52 to DEACTIVATED.
Note: See the Electronic Text Monitoring (ETM) System for the display functionality associated with this
ETM Event.

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3.2.1.1.2 The Open Bottom Dump Bucket Pedal

Note: This pedal is used to open the bucket clam (B in the figure above).
The bucket clam will not move while any one of the following conditions occurs:
 The Lock Lever is in the Locked position; or
 The simulated Service Arm state is set to LOWERED; or
 The motor is not RUNNING; or
 The Hydraulic Oil Temperature exceeds 95°C.
Other than under the above conditions:
 While the bucket clam is not fully open, depressing this pedal will cause the bucket to open at a
rate proportional to the pedal deflection such the bucket clam will move from fully closed to fully
open in approximately 5s.
 While the bucket clam is fully open and this pedal has been depressed for a period exceeding
approximately 1s:
o The Acoustic Warning Signal will sound; and
o ETM Event No. 52 will be set to ACTIVATED; and
o Releasing this pedal will silence the Acoustic Warning Signal and set ETM Event No.
52 to DEACTIVATED.
Note: See the Electronic Text Monitoring (ETM) System for the display functionality associated with this
ETM Event.

3.2.1.1.3 The Right Track Travel Control Pedal

Note: This pedal is used to control the speed and direction of the vehicle’s right track.

The right track will not rotate while any one of the following conditions occurs:
 The Lock Lever is in the Locked position; or
 The simulated Service Arm state is set to LOWERED; or
 The motor is not RUNNING.
Other than under the above conditions:

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 While the upper end (A) of the right pedal is depressed, the vehicle’s right track will rotate
forward at a speed proportional to pedal deflection from centre; and
 While the lower end (B) of the right pedal is depressed, the vehicle’s right track will rotate
backwards at a speed proportional to pedal deflection from centre.
Whilst tramming, all controls relating to movement of the boom, stick and bucket will be neutralized.
Note: Using a combination of both pedals, the operator will be able to steer the vehicle.

3.2.1.1.4 The Left Track Travel Control Pedal

Note: This pedal is used to control the speed and direction of the vehicle’s left track.
The left track will not rotate while any one of the following conditions occurs:
 The Lock Lever is in the Locked position; or
 The simulated Service Arm state is set to LOWERED; or
 The motor is not RUNNING.
Other than under the above conditions:
 While the upper end of the left pedal is depressed (A), the vehicle’s left track will rotate forward
at a speed proportional to pedal deflection from centre; and
 While the lower end of the left pedal is depressed (B), the vehicle’s left track will rotate
backwards at a speed proportional to pedal deflection from centre.
Whilst tramming, all controls relating to movement of the boom, stick and bucket will be neutralized.
Note: Using a combination of both pedals, the operator will be able to steer the vehicle.

3.2.1.1.5 The Slew Brake Pedal

Note: This pedal is used to retard swing operation by proportionally increasing the slew brake retarding
force on the superstructure.
Depressing this pedal will apply the simulated Slew Brake proportional to pedal deflection, with
maximum braking force being applied at maximum pedal deflection.
Note: See the Slew Park Brake Switch for additional functionality associated with this braking system.

3.2.1.2 The Left Console – Instruments and Controls

3.2.1.2.1 The Motor Ammeter Gauge

While Vehicle Electrics are ON, this gauge will behave in accordance with the Motor Current Model.

3.2.1.2.2 The Motor Voltmeter Gauge

While Vehicle Electrics are ON, this gauge will behave in accordance with the Motor Voltage Model.

3.2.1.2.3 The Hour Meter Gauge

While Vehicle Electrics are ON, this gauge will indicate the sum total time that the motor has been
RUNNING since the start of the exercise.

3.2.1.2.4 The Cab Voltmeter Gauge

While Vehicle Electrics are ON, this gauge will behave in accordance with the Battery Voltage Model.

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3.2.1.2.5 The Hydraulic Oil Temperature Gauge

While Vehicle Electrics are ON, this gauge will indicate the simulated Hydraulic Oil Temperature;
otherwise it will read its minimum value.
Note: See the Hydraulic Oil Temperature Model for the setting of simulated Hydraulic Oil Temperature
and the Main Switch for the setting of Vehicle Electrics.

3.2.1.2.6 The ETM Screen

Note: This ETM Screen is used by the monitoring system to display various text messages to the
operator.
While Vehicle Electrics are OFF, this screen will appear to be off.
While Vehicle Electrics are ON, this screen will display the text messages associated with the current
monitoring display mode.
Note: See the Electronic Text Monitoring (ETM) System for detailed functionality associated with this
screen.

3.2.1.2.7 The ETM Keyboard

This ETM Keyboard is used by the operator to navigate through the various text messages shown on
the ETM Screen.
While Vehicle Electrics are OFF, this keyboard will have no effect on the simulation.
While Vehicle Electrics are ON, this keyboard will be used to interact with the ETM Screen.
Note: See the Electronic Text Monitoring (ETM) System for detailed functionality associated with this
keyboard.

3.2.1.2.8 The ETM Service Switch

This switch will have no functionality in the simulator.

3.2.1.2.9 The ETM Selector Switch

This switch will have no functionality in the simulator.

3.2.1.2.10 The ETM Enable Switch

This switch will have no functionality in the simulator.

3.2.1.2.11 The Main Working Light Switch

While Vehicle Electrics are ON and this switch is in the On position, the simulated exterior flood lights
will be illuminated; otherwise they will be extinguished.

3.2.1.2.12 The Dashboard Light Switch

While this switch is in the On position, the gauge backlights will be illuminated; otherwise the gauge
backlights will be extinguished.

3.2.1.2.13 The Interior Light Switch

This switch will have no functionality in the simulator.

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3.2.1.2.14 The Beacon Light Switch

While Vehicle Electrics are ON and this switch is in the On position, the simulated external rotating lamp
will be illuminated; otherwise it will be off.

3.2.1.2.15 The Windshield Washer Switch

This switch will have no functionality in the simulator.

3.2.1.2.16 The Windshield Wiper Switch

This switch will have no functionality in the simulator.

3.2.1.2.17 The Mirror Heating Switch

This switch will have no functionality in the simulator.

3.2.1.2.18 The Slew Park Brake Switch

Note: This switch is used to apply and release the spring-applied brake that prevents rotation of the
superstructure. To prevent damage, this brake should only be applied while the superstructure is at a
complete standstill, except in the case of an emergency.
The simulated Slew Brake will be RELEASED while all of the following conditions occur:
 The Lock Lever is in the Unlocked position; and
 The simulated Service Arm state is set to RAISED; and
 The motor is RUNNING; and
 This Slew Park Brake Switch is in the Released position.
Other than under the above conditions, the simulated Slew Brake will be APPLIED.
While this switch is in the Applied position, ETM Event No. 15 will be set to ACTIVATED; otherwise
ETM Event No. 15 will be set to DEACTIVATED.
Note: See the Electronic Text Monitoring (ETM) System for the display functionality associated with
ETM Event.

3.2.1.2.19 The Central Lubrication Switch

This switch will have no functionality in the simulator.

3.2.1.2.20 The Pinion Lubrication Switch

This switch will have no functionality in the simulator.

3.2.1.2.21 The Cab Ventilation Switch

While this switch is in the On position, the integrated lamp will be illuminated.
This switch will have no further functionality in the simulator.

3.2.1.2.22 The Emergency Stop Switch

While this switch is in the On position:

 The Acoustic Warning Signal will sound; and

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 The motor will cease RUNNING (if RUNNING); and

 All instrumentation and controls within the simulated cab will be completely disabled or off
(unless specifically excluded under the functional description of that instrument or control); and
 ETM Event No. 43 will be set to ACTIVATED.
While this switch is in the Off position:
 All instruments and controls will function as described under their relevant descriptions; and
 ETM Event No. 43 will be set to DEACTIVATED (if ACTIVATED).
Note: See the Electronic Text Monitoring (ETM) System for the display functionality associated with this
ETM Event.

3.2.1.2.23 The Motor Start Switch

While this switch is in the On position:

 An audible motor crank sound will be heard.
 The motor will transition to RUNNING, provided that:
o Vehicle Electrics are ON; and
o The Lock Lever is in the Locked position; and
o The simulated motor is not RUNNING.
While this switch is in the Off position, the motor will cease RUNNING.
Simulated audio of the motor operation as a function of motor speed will be included.
Note: See the Electronic Text Monitoring (ETM) System for the display functionality associated with this
ETM Event.

3.2.1.2.24 The Motor Stop Switch

When this switch is rotated to the Off position while the motor is RUNNING, the simulated motor will
cease RUNNING.

3.2.1.2.25 The Main Switch

Note: This Main Switch is installed to simulate the combined state of all battery isolation switches in the
vehicle. The Off position of this switch simulates the condition where all battery isolation switches are in
the OFF state. Similarly, the On position simulates all battery isolation switches being in the ON state.
While this switch is in the Off position:
 The Vehicle Electrics will be set to OFF; and
 All instrumentation and controls within the simulated cab will be disabled and / or off, unless
specifically excluded under the functional description of that instrument or control.
When this switch transitions to the On position, the following self-test procedure will be performed:
 The Acoustic Test Signal will sound approximately 1s after this switch transitioned to the On
position (this signal consists of two “beeps” with a period of 1s each, with a pause of 1s
between each); and
 The integrated lamps within all switches will be illuminated.
While this switch is in the On position:
 Vehicle Electrics will be set to ON; and
 All instrumentation and controls within the simulated cab will function as specified under their
relevant sections.

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Note: See the Electronic Text Monitoring (ETM) System for additional self-test functionality.

3.2.1.2.26 The Radio PTT Switch

When this button switch is pressed, the system will register that the operator has attempted to contact
the instructor.
While this switch is pressed, the simulation will record all audio captured by the radio’s microphone for
playback during the AAR (see Exercise Replay).
Note: Actual two-way radio communications will not be simulated. The Instructor should ensure that the
student understands the specific situations that require the use of the two-way radio, failing which
certain scoring checks may be triggered.

3.2.1.3 The Left Console – Control Lever

3.2.1.3.1 The Left Control Lever

Note: This lever is used to control the movement of the stick structure (A-B in the figure below) and the
slewing of the superstructure (C-D in the figure below).

Deflections of this lever will have no effect while any one of the following conditions occurs:
 The Right Track Travel Control Pedal is not in its central position; or
 The Left Track Travel Control Pedal is not in its central position; or
 The simulated Slew Brake is APPLIED.
Other than under the above conditions:
 Deflecting this lever to the left will cause the superstructure to rotate counter-clockwise at a rate
proportional to lever deflection.
 Deflecting this lever to the right will cause the superstructure to rotate clockwise at a rate
proportional to lever deflection.
 Deflecting this lever forward will cause the stick cylinder to extend at a rate proportional to lever
deflection.
 Deflecting this lever backward will cause the stick cylinder to retract at a rate proportional to
lever deflection.
The stick will take approximately 8s to cycle from the fully lowered to the fully raised position.

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While Stick Float Mode is OFF, the stick will take approximately 4s to descend from the fully raised to
the fully lowered position at full lever deflection; otherwise it will take approximately 8s.
Note: A raised working attachment (i.e. the bucket, stick and boom) may also be lowered with the motor
at STANDSTILL. For example, if the motor stalls with the working attachment in a raised position,
lowering of the working attachment is possible by displacing the lever backward.

3.2.1.3.2 The Stick Float OFF Switch

Note: The system defaults to operate in float mode. This switch is used to bypass float mode when
required.
While the motor is RUNNING and this switch is depressed, Stick Float Mode will be set to OFF;
otherwise Stick Float Mode will be set to ON.

3.2.1.3.3 The Look Up Switch

This switch will have no functionality in the simulator.

3.2.1.3.4 The Horn Switch

While this switch is depressed, the simulated horn will sound; otherwise it will be silent.
Note: The horn will sound irrespective of the position of the Main Switch.

3.2.1.3.5 The Look Down Switch

Each time this button is depressed and released, the Virtual Camera Angle mode will be set to the next
mode in the following sequence: [DOWN, HORIZONTAL]; i.e. depressing this button will move the view
down, unless it is already in the DOWN mode, in which case it will be set to HORIZONTAL.
When an exercise is first executed, the Virtual Camera Angle mode will be set to HORIZONTAL.
While the Virtual Camera Angle mode is set to DOWN, the set of virtual cameras will be rotated down to
a predetermined fixed angle.
While the Virtual Camera Angle mode is set to HORIZONTAL, the set of virtual cameras will be rotated
to the horizontal.
Note: This integrated switch should be used by the operator to “look down” to inspect the tracks and
floor when required.

3.2.1.4 The Right Console – Control Lever and Lock Lever

3.2.1.4.1 The Lock Lever

While this lever is in the Locked position, all controls for the working equipment, swing and travel drive
will be locked (i.e. the Left and Right Control Levers, their integrated buttons and all pedals), preventing
movement of the shovel or its attachments.
While this lever is in the Unlocked position, all controls for the working equipment, swing and travel
drive will be unlocked, allowing movement of the shovel and its attachments.

3.2.1.4.2 The Right Control Lever

Note: This lever is used to control the movement of the boom (A-B in the figure below) and the bucket
(C-D in the figure below). It may be placed in one of nine positions, including the neutral (central)
position.

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Deflections of this lever will have no effect while any one of the following conditions occurs:
 The Right Track Travel Control Pedal is not in its central position; or
 The Left Track Travel Control Pedal is not in its central position; or
 The simulated Slew Brake is APPLIED.
Other than under the above conditions, and with reference to the above figures:
 Deflecting this lever forward (A) will lower the boom at a rate proportional to lever deflection.
 Deflecting this lever backward (B) will raise the boom at a rate proportional to lever deflection.
 While the Hydraulic Oil Temperature High Fault is DEACTIVATED, deflecting this lever to the
left (C) will cause the bucket to roll forward at a rate proportional to lever deflection; otherwise
deflections of this lever will have no effect on the bucket.
 While the Hydraulic Oil Temperature High Fault is DEACTIVATED, deflecting this lever to the
right (D) will cause the bucket to roll backward at a rate proportional to lever deflection;
otherwise deflections of this lever will have no effect on the bucket.
At full lever deflection:
 The bucket will take approximately 3s to rotate through its full range.
 The boom will take approximately 10s to rise from the fully lowered to the fully raised position.
 While the Boom Float mode is OFF, the boom will take approximately 5s to lower from the fully
raised to the fully lowered position; otherwise it will take approximately 10s.
Note: Combined Operation is obtained when the lever is displaced in any of the intermediate positions
2, 4, 6 and 8 shown in the figure above.
Note: The raised working attachment (i.e. bucket, stick and boom) can also be lowered with the motor
at STANDSTILL. If, for example, the motor stalls with the working attachment in a raised position,
lowering of the working attachment is possible by moving the lever to position (A).

3.2.1.4.3 The Truck Counter Switch

Note: The function of this switch is to allow the operator to keep track of the number of trucks loaded,
which is then recorded in the simulated ETM System.

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The Truck Count will be set to 0 at the beginning of each exercise.

While Vehicle Electrics are ON, each time this switch is depressed, the simulated Truck Count will
increment by 1.
Note: See the Electronic Text Monitoring (ETM) System for the use of this value in the simulation.

3.2.1.4.4 The Motor Speed Selector Switches

These switches will have no functionality in the simulator.

3.2.1.4.5 The Boom Float OFF Switch

Note: The system defaults to operate in float mode. This switch is used to bypass float mode when
required.
While the motor is RUNNING and this switch is depressed, Boom Float Mode will be set to OFF;
otherwise Boom Float Mode will be set to ON.

3.2.1.5 The Seat Assembly

3.2.1.5.1 The Seat Belt

The seat belt stalk will monitor the state of the integrated switch (Latched or Unlatched) for use by the
scoring module.

3.2.2 Special Vehicle Functionality

3.2.2.1 The Start-Up Procedure

Note: The following start-up procedure is recommended by the OEM and is included for information
only.
 Ensure all controls are in their neutral positions.
 Ensure the Lock Lever is in the Locked position.
 Rotate the Main Switch to the On position.
 Sound the horn.
 Turn the Motor Start Switch to the On position to start the motor.

3.2.2.2 The Shutdown Procedure

Note: The following shutdown procedure is recommended by the OEM and is included for information
only.
 Ensure that the working attachment is on the ground (i.e. the bucket is fully rolled back and on
the ground).
 Place all controls in their Neutral positions.
 Idle the motor for approximately three minutes.
 Turn the Motor Stop Switch to the Stop position.

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
2
Relieve the pressure in the hydraulic system and lower the shovel attachment.
 Set the Lock Lever to the Locked position.
 Set the Main Switch to the Off position.

3.2.2.3 The Electronic Text Monitoring (ETM) System

3.2.2.3.1 ETM Event Classification and Priority

Note: In the actual vehicle, the ETM System provides continuous monitoring of various operating
conditions. When conditions require operator awareness or action, the system generates an ETM
Event. ETM Events are divided into four priority groups according to their importance, being Priority 1,
Priority 2, Priority 3 and Priority 4, with Priority 1 being the most important and Priority 4 the least
important.
ETM Events are further classified as follows:
 Fault Events: A Fault event indicates a trouble condition in a sub-system and
generates a Fault Message with a Priority Level of between 1 and 3. While one or more of
these events are ACTIVATED, a warning signal sounds.
 Information Events: An information event indicates an operating condition of which the
operator needs to be aware and generates an Information Message with a Priority Level of 4.
Information Messages are identified by the hash sign (#) in the upper left-hand corner of the
screen.
The following table itemises the numbered ETM Events that will be included in the simulation, together
3
with the associated Priority Level (where X.XX is the time of day at which the ETM Event occurred) :

ETM
ETM Message Displayed on the ETM Screen (per line) Priority
Event No.

7 $h:X.XX Hydraulic oil temperature too high 3

9 $h:X.XX Main transformer 1

temperature too high

10 $h:X.XX low voltage 2

Monitoring activated

14 $h:X.XX Hydraulic oil level too low! 3

Stop the motor!

15 # Caution, slew gear house brake ON 4

43 $h:X.XX Motor shutdown: emergency stop 1

switch actuated

50 # Caution, pull switch from ground man 4

Actuated

2
With the motor at STANDSTILL, the operator should move all hydraulic controls for the working attachment several times through all
shift positions to relieve the pressure in the hydraulic system (Relieving of the pressure in the hydraulic system will be implemented as a
scoring check only).
3
For simulation purposes, the operating hours will be replaced by the duration for which the current exercise has been running.

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ETM
ETM Message Displayed on the ETM Screen (per line) Priority
Event No.

51 $h:X.XX Motor shutdown: pull switch from 1

ground man actuated

52 $h:X.XX Load limiting for bucket clam defective 3

3.2.2.3.2 ETM System Functionality

When Vehicle Electrics transitions to ON:

 The ETM Screen will display the name of the manufacturer for approximately 5s, after which it
will default to show the first two lines of the Basic Display.
 If, during this 5s period, any of the buttons on the ETM Keyboard are depressed, the
manufacturer’s name will remain on the ETM Screen for a further 20s, after which it will default
to show the Basic Display (see below).
While no ETM Events are ACTIVATED, the ETM Screen will show the first two lines of the Basic
Display, which will appear similar to that shown in the figure below:

Line 1:
Line 2:

Line 3:
Line 4:

The ETM Keyboard will be able to be used to recall the Basic Display while any ETM Message is being
displayed (see the next section on using the ETM Keyboard). When this occurs, the Basic Display will
be displayed for a few seconds, after which the display will return to the ETM Message associated with
the current ETM Event.
If an ETM Event is ACTIVATED during operation, the Basic Display will be automatically replaced by
the corresponding ETM Message text. Information Event Messages will be displayed for as long as the
ETM Event is ACTIVATED.
The number of simultaneous active ETM Events will be indicated by a flashing digit between two
asterisks, located on Line 2 of the display.

3.2.2.3.3 Keyboard Functionality

While Vehicle Electrics are ON, the function of each key switch, forming part of the ETM System, will be
as follows:

No. Key Symbol Function

1 While an ETM Event is present, depressing this switch will call up the Basic Display
for a few seconds, following which the display will return to the message associated
with the current ETM Event.

2 While Lines 3 and 4 of the Basic Display is being displayed on the ETM Screen,
depressing this button will call up Lines 1 and 2.
While more than one ETM Event is ACTIVATED, depressing this button will call up
the previous event, until the event with the highest priority is reached, following which

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No. Key Symbol Function

successive depressions of the button will have no effect on the simulation.
Note: The use of this switch for changing between English and German will not be
simulated.

3 While Lines 1 and 2 of the Basic Display is being displayed on the ETM Screen,
depressing this button will call up Lines 3 and 4.
While more than one ETM Event is ACTIVATED, depressing this button will call up
the next event, until the event with the lowest priority is reached, following which
successive depressions of the button will have no effect on the simulation.
Note: The use of this switch for changing between English and German will not be
simulated.

4 Depressing this button will have no effect on the simulation.

5 Depressing this button will have no effect on the simulation.

6 Depressing this button will have no effect on the simulation.

7 Depressing this button will have no effect on the simulation.

8 Depressing this button will have no effect on the simulation.

3.2.2.3.4 Simultaneous Messages

While more than one ETM Event is ACTIVATED:

 The message associated with the event with the highest priority will be displayed on the ETM
Screen.
 If more than one ETM Event of the same priority is ACTIVATED, the message associated with
the most recent event will be displayed on the ETM Screen.

3.2.2.4 Simulated Vehicle Subsystems

3.2.2.4.1 The Hydraulic Oil Temperature Model

The Hydraulic Oil Temperature Model will be simulated as follows:

 Hydraulic Oil Temperature will be initially set to 27°C.
 If the motor is RUNNING, and

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o The Hydraulic Temperature High fault is DEACTIVATED, then the simulated Hydraulic
Oil Temperature will increase at a rate of 10°C per minute, limited to a maximum value
in normal operation of 62°C;
o The Hydraulic Temperature High fault transitions from DEACTVATED TO ACTIVATED,
then the simulated Hydraulic Oil Temperature will increase at a rate of approximately
20°C per second (i.e. over a short time period) to a maximum value of 105°C.
o The Hydraulic Temperature High fault transitions from ACTVATED TO DEACTIVATED,
then the simulated Hydraulic Oil Temperature will decrease at a rate of approximately
20°C per second (i.e. over a short time period) until it reaches the normal operating
temperature of 62°C.
 When the motor is not RUNNING, the simulated Hydraulic Oil Temperature will decrease at a
rate of 5°C per minute, limited to a minimum of 27°C.
Note: The bucket motion will only be cut for the duration that the Hydraulic Oil Temperature exceeds
95°C.See section 3.2.4.2 for other symptomatic effects of the Hydraulic Oil Temperature High fault.
Note: The Hydraulic Oil Temperature Gauge has a range from 40°C to 120°C. Deflection of the needle
is however possible to a lower limit off approximately 20°C without a mechanical limit.

3.2.2.4.2 The Hydraulic Oil Level Model

The Hydraulic Oil Level Model will be simulated as follows:

 The level will initially be set to 90%.
 While the motor is RUNNING, and:
o The Hydraulic Oil Level Low fault transitions from DEACTIVATED to ACTIVATED, the
simulated Hydraulic Oil Level will decrease at 50% per second, to a minimum of 30%.
o The Hydraulic Oil Level Low fault transitions from ACTIVATED to DEACTIVATED, the
simulated Hydraulic Oil Level will rise at a rate of 50% per second to the normal level of
90%.

3.2.2.4.3 The Battery Voltage Model

While the motor is not RUNNING, the simulated Cab Battery Voltage will be set to approximately 23.6V.
While the motor is RUNNING,
 While the Battery Voltage Low fault is DEACTIVATED, the Battery Voltage will rise at 0.2V per
second, limited to a maximum of 25.9V.
 While the Battery Voltage Low fault is ACTIVATED, the simulated Battery Voltage will decrease
at a rate of 0.8V per second to a minimum of 23.6V
 When the Battery Voltage Low fault transitions from ACTIVATED to DEACTIVATED, the
Battery Voltage will return to 25.9V over a short time period.

3.2.2.4.4 The Motor Voltage Model

While the motor is not RUNNING, the simulated Motor Voltage will be set to 0V.
While the motor is RUNNING,
 While the Transformer Temperature High fault is DEACTIVATED, the Motor Voltage will be set
almost instantly to 6605V.
 While the Transformer Temperature High fault is ACTIVATED, the simulated Motor Voltage will
decrease at a rate of 100V per second to a minimum of 5850V
When the Transformer Temperature High fault transitions from ACTIVATED to DEACTIVATED, the
Motor Voltage will return to 6650V over a short time period.

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3.2.2.4.5 The Motor Current Model

While the motor is not RUNNING, the simulated Motor Current will be set to 0A.
While the motor is RUNNING,
 While the Transformer Temperature High fault is DEACTIVATED, the Motor Current will be set
almost instantly to 105A.
 While the Transformer Temperature High fault is ACTIVATED, the simulated Motor Current will
increase at a rate of 50A per second to a maximum of 200A
When the Transformer Temperature High fault transitions from ACTIVATED to DEACTIVATED, the
Motor Current will return to 105A over a short time period.

3.2.3 Audio Feedback Requirements

The following table itemizes the audio feedback requirements for the simulator and the conditions under
which the feedback is activated:

Audio Sound Trigger Event(s) Additional Information

Horn The Main Switch is in the On position and the

Horn Button Switch is depressed.

Travel Alarm The simulated Motor is RUNNING and one or This is an alarm external to the
both of the travel levers or pedals are not in their vehicle.
central (neutral) positions.

Acoustic Test Signal The Main Switch Transitions from the Off state to 1 ‘Beep’, followed by a 1s pause,
the On state. followed by another ‘beep’ (2
beeps over a duration of 3s)

Acoustic Warning The Main Switch is in the On position and a Fault 1 beep lasting a duration of 1s or a
Signal Condition occurs continuous sound while the
simulated Hydraulic Oil Level is
low.

Motor Ramp Up The simulated Motor transitions from the Off to

Audio the On state.

Motor Idle Audio The simulated Motor is RUNNING.

Digging Bucket is penetrating the soil and moving.

Dumping Dynamic soil is spilling from the bucket.

Loading Dynamic soil is collecting in the bin of the haul The sound amplitude is moderated
truck. by the instantaneous quantity of
dynamic soil entering the bin.

Slewing The upper-carriage is rotating with respect to the The sound amplitude is moderated
under-carriage. according to speed

Propelling – One One track is rotating. The sound amplitude is moderated

Track according to speed

Propelling – Both Both tracks are rotating. The sound amplitude is moderated
Tracks according to speed

General Rattle Shovel movement. The sound amplitude is moderated

according to speed

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Audio Sound Trigger Event(s) Additional Information

Bucket Limit Clang The bucket reaches a rotation limit while the The sound amplitude is moderated
relevant control lever is not in its neutral position. by the speed at which the bucket
hits the rotation limit.

Fire Suppression The Fire Suppression System state transitions The sound plays for approximately
Discharge from CHARGED to DISCHARGED. the duration for which the
simulated “white powder” is being
released by the suppression
system.

Minor Collision Upon the occurrence of a minor collision event.

Major Collision Upon the occurrence of a major collision event.

Other Vehicle [1..n] While other vehicles are passing the own vehicle. This is the sound of the motors of
other vehicles in the world being
passed or passing. Amplitude
varies with distance.

3.2.3.1 Motion Feedback Requirements

This simulation software will impart at least the following motion and attitude cues to the operator during
the simulation:
 Acceleration and deceleration cues (i.e. changes in yaw, surge, sway and heave).
 Vehicle attitude cues (i.e. roll and pitch of the vehicle).
 Vehicle impact cues as a result of one or more of the following:
o Collisions with another vehicle or objects within the world; or
o Any hydraulic cylinder or cylinders reaching its end-stop at speed, with the magnitude
of the feedback being proportional to the speed at which the cylinder or cylinders reach
its end-stop.

3.2.4 Equipment Faults

3.2.4.1 Pull Switch from Ground Man Actuated

When enabled in Planning mode, this fault will only be randomly triggered by the simulation while the
Main Switch is in the On position.
While this fault is ACTIVATED:
 While the motor is not RUNNING, ETM Event No. 50 will be set to ACTIVATED; otherwise
 While the motor is RUNNING:
o The Acoustic Warning Signal will sound; and
o ETM Event No. 51 will be set to ACTIVATED; and
o The motor will be automatically set to STANDSTILL, irrespective of operator inputs.
While this fault is DEACTIVATED:
 The Acoustic Warning Signal will cease (if sounding); and
 ETM Event No. 50 will be set to DEACTIVATED; and
 ETM Event No. 51 will be set to DEACTIVATED.

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Note: The operator will be expected to shut down the motor and contact maintenance personnel over
the radio.

3.2.4.2 Hydraulic Oil Temperature High

When enabled in Planning mode, this fault will only be randomly triggered by the simulation while the
motor is RUNNING.
While this fault is ACTIVATED:
 The Hydraulic Oil Temperature will be set in accordance with the Hydraulic Oil Temperature
Model.
 When the Hydraulic Oil Temperature exceeds 95°C:
o The Acoustic Warning Signal will sound; and
o ETM Event No. 7 will be set to ACTIVATED; and
o The bucket will not move, irrespective of operator inputs.
While this fault is DEACTIVATED:
 The Hydraulic Oil Temperature will be set in accordance with the Hydraulic Oil Temperature
Model.
 When the Hydraulic Oil Temperature drops below 95°C:
o ETM Event No. 7 will be set to DEACTIVATED; and
o All controls affected by this fault will return to normal operation.
Note: See the Hydraulic Oil Temperature Model and the Electronic Text Monitoring (ETM) System for
the display functionality associated with this ETM Event.
Note: When the bucket motion is cut, the operator is expected to attempt to empty the bucket using
boom and stick movements only, if possible, and operate without load until the fault is DEACTIVATED
by the instructor.

3.2.4.3 Hydraulic Oil Level Low

When enabled in Planning mode, this fault will only be randomly triggered by the simulation while the
motor is RUNNING.
While this fault is ACTIVATED;
 The Acoustic Warning Signal will sound continuously; and
 ETM Event No. 14 will be set to ACTIVATED.
While this fault is DEACTIVATED:
 The Acoustic Warning Signal will cease to sound; and
 ETM Event No. 14 will be set to DEACTIVATED.
Note: The operator will be expected to shut down the motor and contact maintenance personnel over
the radio.

3.2.4.4 Motor Fire

When enabled in Planning mode, this fault will be randomly triggered by the simulation at any time.
While this fault is ACTIVATED, black smoke will be visible, seen to be appearing from the approximate
location of the motor.
Depressing the Fire Suppression Switch will automatically set this fault to DEACTIVATED.

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When this fault transitions to DEACTIVATED, the fire will be extinguished, (i.e. smoke will cease to
emanate from the vehicle).
While this fault is DEACTIVATED, all controls affected by this fault will return to normal operation.
Note: If the Automatic Fire Detection System fault is ACTIVATED, the fire suppression system will not
automatically suppress the fire and the operator should use the Fire Suppression Switch to manually
suppress the fire.
Note: See the Checkfire Panel for additional functionality associated with the above state changes

3.2.4.5 Automatic Fire Detection System Fault

When enabled in Planning mode, this fault will be randomly triggered by the simulation at any time.
When this fault is ACTIVATED, the simulated fire suppression system will enter the SYSTEM FAULT
state.
When this fault is DEACTIVATED, the simulated fire suppression system will return to the state it was in
prior to activating this fault.
Note: While this fault is ACTIVATED, the fire suppression system will not automatically suppress the fire
and the operator should use the Fire Suppression Switch to manually suppress the fire.
Note: See the Checkfire Panel for functionality associated with the above state changes

3.2.4.6 Cab Battery Voltage Low

When enabled in Planning mode, this fault will only be randomly triggered by the simulation while the
motor is RUNNING.
While this fault is ACTIVATED:
 The Cab Battery Voltage will be set in accordance with the Cab Battery Voltage Model.
 When the Cab Battery Voltage falls below 24V:
o The Acoustic Warning Signal will sound; and
o ETM Event No. 10 will be set to ACTIVATED; and
While this fault is DEACTIVATED:
 The Cab Battery Voltage will be set in accordance with the Cab Battery Voltage Model.
 When the Cab Battery Voltage is greater than or equal to 24V:
o ETM Event No. 10 will be set to DEACTIVATED; and
o All controls affected by this fault will return to normal operation.
Note: See the Cab Battery Voltage Model and the Electronic Text Monitoring (ETM) System for the
display functionality associated with this ETM Event.

3.2.4.7 Transformer Temperature too High

When enabled in Planning mode, this fault will only be randomly triggered by the simulation while the
motor is RUNNING.
While this fault is ACTIVATED:
 The Motor Voltage will be set in accordance with the Motor Voltage Model
 The Motor Current will be set in accordance with the Motor Current Model
 When the Motor Current exceeds 150A:
o The Acoustic Warning Signal will sound; and

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o ETM Event No. 10 will be set to ACTIVATED; and

While this fault is DEACTIVATED:
 The Motor Voltage will be set in accordance with the Motor Voltage Model
 The Motor Current will be set in accordance with the Motor Current Model
 When the Cab Battery Voltage is less than or equal to 105A:
o ETM Event No. 10 will be set to DEACTIVATED; and
o All controls affected by this fault will return to normal operation.
Note: See the Cab Battery Voltage Model and the Electronic Text Monitoring (ETM) System for the
display functionality associated with this ETM Event.

3.2.5 Scoring

3.2.5.1 Introduction

During the execution of an exercise, the operator will be scored against a set of predefined checks.
Each of these scoring checks will be categorised into one of the following classifications (see next
section for the classification of each scoring check for this cab type):
 Health and Safety
 Machine Use
 Production Enhancement
The Instructor will only be able to edit any parameters associated with a scoring check in the Planning
Mode. The Instructor will be able to view the description of any scoring check in both the Planning and
Execution modes; a brief description of the information pertaining to the scoring check will be displayed
when the score is queried.
Note: Each scoring check may be individually disabled by the instructor station in Planning Mode by
setting the severity level of that score to zero.

3.2.5.2 Vehicle Specific Scoring Checks

The scoring checks of this section relate specifically to vehicle operation and are applicable in any of
the 3D Worlds supplied with the simulated cab.

3.2.5.2.1 Did not fasten the seat belt

Category: Health and Safety.

The operator will be scored each time the vehicle moves off from a stationary position with the seat belt
in the Unlatched position.
Note: For clarity, “moving off” is defined as either track beginning to rotate from a state of both tracks
being stationary.

3.2.5.2.2 Attempted to start motor with Lock Lever in the unlocked position

Category: Health and Safety.

The operator will be scored for turning the Main Switch to the On position and turning the Motor Start
Switch while the Lock Lever is in the UNLOCKED position.

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3.2.5.2.3 Started motor before self-test completed

Category: Health and Safety.

The operator will be scored for not waiting a period of 3s after the Main Switch has been turned to the
On position before starting the motor (allowing for the self-test to complete, if applicable, prior to starting
the motor).
Note: This indicates that the operator has not performed a full check of all instrumentation before
operating the vehicle.

3.2.5.2.4 Used horn incorrectly when starting the motor

Category: Health and Safety.

The operator will be scored for not sounding the horn at least once within a period of 10s before starting
the motor.

3.2.5.2.5 Attempted to start motor when Pull Switch from Ground Man fault is activated

Category: Machine Use.

The operator will be scored for turning the Motor Start Switch when the Pull Switch from Ground Man
Actuated fault is ACTIVATED.

3.2.5.2.6 Operated machinery without warming up

Category: Machine Use.

The operator will be scored for operating any of the working equipment with the Hydraulic Oil
Temperature less than 40°C.
“Operating the working equipment” means using any of the following controls:
 Moving the Left Control Lever out of its central (neutral) position in any direction.
 Moving the Right Control Lever out of its central (neutral) position in any direction.
 Moving either of the track control pedals.

3.2.5.2.7 Used horn incorrectly when moving off

Category: Health and Safety.

The operator will be scored for not sounding the horn at least once within a period of 10s before moving
off from a stationary position.
This scoring check will not apply when the shovel is inside the area around the dynamic soil face.

3.2.5.2.8 Moved off with the Slew Park Brake released

Category: Health and Safety.

The operator will be scored for moving off from a stationary position with the Slew Park Brake Switch
RELEASED.
Note: For clarity, “moving off” is defined as either track beginning to rotate from a state of both tracks
being stationary.

3.2.5.2.9 Shifted track control too quickly when changing direction

Category: Machine Use.

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The operator will be scored for moving either or both of the track controls from forward to reverse (or
from reverse to forward) without remaining in the control’s neutral position for a minimum period of 0.5s.

3.2.5.2.10 Incorrect bucket position when traveling

Category: Health and Safety.

The operator will be scored for traveling a distance exceeding 3m with either the boom or bucket not
fully retracted.
This scoring check will only apply when the shovel is not inside the area around the dynamic soil face.

3.2.5.2.11 Rotated undercarriage excessively without moving forward

Category: Machine Use.

The operator will be scored for turning the shovel’s undercarriage more than 20° in one position, i.e.
without moving either forward or backward.
Note: For clarity, “without moving forward or backward” is defined as both tracks not rotating in the
same direction, where a track being stationary is considered to be counter-rotating with the other track.

3.2.5.2.12 Applied the Slew Park Brake whilst slewing

Category: Machine Use.

The operator will be scored if the simulated Slew Park Brakes are APPLIED whilst slewing. This scoring
check will only fire once per “slew-stop” cycle.

3.2.5.2.13 Attempted to slew before bucket cleared the ground

Category: Machine Use.

The operator will be scored each time an attempt is made to slew the superstructure while the bucket is
buried in the soil.

3.2.5.2.14 Used the bucket to stop slew motion

Category: Machine Use.

The operator will be scored each time the bucket penetrates the soil whilst the superstructure is rotating
(thereby decelerating the swing).

3.2.5.2.15 Swept the floor with the bucket

Category: Machine Use.

The operator will be scored each time the bucket hits the ground (i.e. not the bench or face) while the
superstructure is slewing.

3.2.5.2.16 Inefficient swing angle

Category: Productivity Enhancement.

The operator will be scored for swinging through angles greater than 90° during a single loading cycle
other than on the first swing (i.e. when initially spotting the haul truck).

3.2.5.2.17 Under-loaded the bucket

Category: Productivity Enhancement.

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The operator will be scored if the bucket fill factor is less than 80% at the time of dumping into the bin of
a truck.

3.2.5.2.18 Dug or excavated too low

Category: Productivity Enhancement.

The operator will be scored each time the bucket penetrates the soil at a level more than 300mm lower
than the ground level of the vehicle’s tracks.

3.2.5.2.19 Dug or excavated outside of the allowable angle

Category: Health and Safety.

The operator will be scored each time the bucket penetrates the soil (in an attempt to fill the bucket)
with the superstructure (i.e. the boom) rotated greater than 60° with respect to the direction of the
tracks.
Instructional Note: The OEM warns that the operator should avoid digging or excavating at right angles
to the tracks. This check monitors whether the operator is within 30° of this right angle to the tracks and
scores the operator if this is the case.

3.2.5.2.20 Propelled with soil in the bucket

Category: Health and Safety.

The operator will be scored for moving off from a stationary position with any load in the bucket.

3.2.5.2.21 Propelled with the superstructure excessively rotated relative to the tracks

Category: Health and Safety.

The operator will be scored each time the equipment is not stationary (i.e. at least one of the tracks are
rotating) and the superstructure is rotated by more than 30° relative to the direction of the tracks.

3.2.5.2.22 Slewed the superstructure with the undercarriage raised by the bucket

Category: Health and Safety.

The operator will be scored for attempting to slew the superstructure while the undercarriage has been
lifted off the ground as a result of the bucket being forced into the ground.

3.2.5.2.23 Raised the undercarriage with the superstructure rotated relative to the tracks

Category: Machine Use.

The operator will be scored each time the undercarriage is lifted (by forcing the bucket into the ground)
when the superstructure is rotated by more than 30° relative to the direction of the tracks.

3.2.5.2.24 Continued vehicle operation with low hydraulic oil level

Category: Machine Use.

The operator will be scored for not stopping the vehicle, turning off the motor and use the Radio PTT
button (if installed) to call for maintenance assistance, all within 60s of this fault being ACTIVATED.
Note: If this fault is deactivated within the 60s period, the operator will not be scored.

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3.2.5.2.25 Continued vehicle operation with low cab battery voltage

Category: Machine Use.

The operator will be scored for not stopping the vehicle, turning off the motor and use the Radio PTT
button (if installed) to call for maintenance assistance, all within 60s of this fault being ACTIVATED.
Note: If this fault is deactivated within the 60s period, the operator will not be scored.

3.2.5.2.26 Continued vehicle operation with high transformer temperature

Category: Machine Use.

The operator will be scored for not stopping the vehicle, turning off the motor and use the Radio PTT
button (if installed) to call for maintenance assistance, all within 60s of this fault being ACTIVATED.
Note: If this fault is deactivated within the 60s period, the operator will not be scored.

3.2.5.2.27 Excessive loading of bucket clam hydraulic system

Category: Machine Use.

The operator will be scored for not releasing the Close Bottom Dump Bucket Pedal after 1s has lapsed
since the bottom dump bucket has reached its closing limit.

3.2.5.2.28 Hit the tracks with the working equipment

Category: Machine Use.

The operator will be scored if the bucket collides with either of the tracks.

3.2.5.2.29 Crashed the vehicle

Category: Machine Use.

The operator will be scored if he causes the vehicle to crash, through any of the following activities:
 Rolling any part of it beyond a “reasonable” limit.
 Overstressing the vehicle beyond the limits of the physics motor.
 Colliding with a world object with an excessive force.
The limiting criteria for each of these checks are defined by each vehicle’s dynamics model.

3.2.5.2.30 Shut down the motor with the bucket up

Category: Health and Safety.

The operator will be scored each time the motor is set to STANDSTILL when the bucket is not in
contact with the ground.
Note: The operator will not be scored for this check if any of the fault conditions were ACTIVATED. If
this is the case, it will be assumed that an emergency stop had to be executed and that the above
sequence is not applicable.

3.2.5.2.31 Shut down the motor with the Lock Lever in UNLOCKED position

Category: Health and Safety.

The operator will be scored each time the operator causes the motor to cease RUNNING when the
Lock Lever is in the UNLOCKED position.
This scoring check will not apply if any of the simulated faults are ACTIVATED.

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3.2.5.2.32 Did not relieve the pressure in the hydraulic system after shut down

Category: Machine Use.

The operator will be scored for not moving all Hydraulic Controls (Right and Left Control Lever) for the
working attachment at least once through all shift positions within a period of one minute commencing
from the moment the motor has being set to STANDSTILL.
Note: This score check will trigger only when the motor is shut down during normal conditions and not
when a fault condition is ACTIVATED.
Note: The operator will not be expected to move the controls through their full travel.

3.2.5.2.33 Did not activate the fire suppression system

Category: Health and Safety.

The operator will be scored for not pressing the Fire Suppression Switch within 30s of the outbreak of a
fire on the vehicle.
For clarity, the timer measuring the 30s reaction time will begin its countdown once the Motor Fire fault
is ACTIVATED.

3.2.5.3 World Specific Scoring Checks

The scoring checks of this section are applicable to the generic 3D World provided with this cab type in
the event that an “Own Mine World” is not provided. Where an “Own Mine World” is provided, the
scoring checks of this section may be replaced with 3D World specific checks detailed in an additional
specification.

3.2.5.3.1 Did not signal haul truck to stop when correctly aligned for loading

Category: Productivity Enhancement.

The operator will be scored each time he fails to signal the haul truck, indicating to the truck that it is in
the correct position for loading. This check will fire when the truck is forced to stop at a distance
exceeding 2m past the ideal loading position.

3.2.5.3.2 Overloaded the haul truck

Category: Machine Use.

The operator will be scored each time the truck is loaded with more than 110% of its bin capacity when
the operator signals the truck to leave the loading area.

3.2.5.3.3 Under-loaded the haul truck

Category: Productivity Enhancement.

The operator will be scored each time the truck is loaded with less than 90% of its bin capacity when
the operator signals the truck to leave the loading area.

3.2.5.3.4 Incorrect load position on truck

Category: Productivity Enhancement.

The operator will be scored each time a load is dumped on the left or right of the centre third of the truck
bin (measured across the bin’s width).

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3.2.5.3.5 Did not signal truck to move off when fully loaded

Category: Productivity Enhancement.

The operator will be scored each time a new loading cycle is started after failing to sound the horn (One
long blast) to signal the fully loaded truck that it should leave the loading area.
Note: A fully loaded truck is defined as a truck with its bin loaded from 90% to 110% of its bin capacity.

3.2.5.3.6 Collided with a vehicle

Category: Health and Safety.

The operator will be scored for having a collision with any other vehicle in the simulated world.

3.2.5.3.7 Collided with the cable

Category: Health and Safety.

The operator will be scored each time any part of the vehicle comes into contact with its cable.

3.3 THE INSTRUCTOR STATION

3.3.1 Create and Open Exercises

The instructor will be able to create exercises that define one or more of the following settings for the
exercise:
 The Mission settings
 The Vehicle settings
 The World settings
 The Training Aids that will be available to the exercise
The instructor will be able to provide the exercise with a name, and then save the exercise to the
database for later retrieval. Alternatively, the instructor may execute the exercise immediately.
The system will allow any user-created exercises to be opened for editing or execution.
Note: See the next section for a description of the functionality associated with each of the above
exercise settings options when creating or opening exercises (i.e. in Planning Mode) or when executing
exercises (i.e. in Execution mode).

3.3.1.1 General

Any exercise that has been created or opened may be executed. The instructor will have access to the
following simulation control functions while an exercise is running:
 The instructor will be able to start and stop the running exercise at any stage.
 The instructor will be able to pause the running of an exercise at any stage to direct or
communicate with the student. When paused, the instructor will be able to resume the
execution of an exercise.
The instructor will have the following additional functionality available during the planning and execution
phases of an exercise.

3.3.1.2 Mission Settings

The instructor will have the ability to define mission settings, consisting of the following:

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 The own vehicle’s start position in the 3D world (only available when mission planning
functionality is not available for the vehicle being simulated), together with the exercise
duration.
 The list of tasks that the operator is expected to execute (only available when mission planning
functionality is available for the vehicle being simulated).
 The scoring criteria that will be used to evaluate the operator when the exercise is executed.
Functionality associated with each of the above mission settings are described in more detail in the sub-
sections that follow.

3.3.1.2.1 Settings (No Mission Planning Functionality Included)

Note: The functionality described below is only available when mission planning functionality is not
available or included for the vehicle type being simulated.
The set of Start Positions are 3D mine world specific and are detailed under the section describing the
3D world functional characteristics in this document. Where an “Own Mine World” is provided, the list of
Start Positions will be detailed in an additional Own Mine World specification.

Planning Mode:
When in Planning Mode, the instructor will be able to set the following for the exercise:
 Define the initial position of the simulated vehicle to be one of several positions that are
predefined for that vehicle and 3D world.
 Define the time limit for the exercise, either “open-ended” or limited to a specified duration.

Execution Mode:
When in Execution mode, the instructor will be able to perform the following:
 Reset the position of the simulated vehicle to one of the several positions that are predefined
for that vehicle and 3D world.
 View the time limit set for the exercise being executed (either “open-ended” or limited to a
specified duration). The instructor will not be able to change the time limit set for the exercise
whilst the exercise is being executed.

3.3.1.2.2 Settings (Mission Planning Functionality Included)

Note: The functionality described below is only available when mission planning functionality is
available and included for the vehicle type being simulated.

Planning Mode:
When in Planning mode, the instructor will be able to define the time limit for the exercise, being a time
after the start of the exercise that the exercise will automatically terminate.
This time limit will be selected from a list that includes the following:
 Open Ended
 End on Mission Completion
 End after a pre-defined specified duration (selected from a set of durations)

Execution Mode:
When in Execution mode, the instructor will be able to view the time limit set for the exercise being
executed (either “open-ended” or limited to a specified duration). The instructor will not be able to
change the time limit that had been set for the exercise when in Planning mode.

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If the time limit is set to Open Ended, the exercise will never automatically terminate and the instructor
will be responsible for terminating the exercise.
If the time limit is set to one of the End on Mission Completion, the exercise will automatically terminate
approximately 5s after completing the last task making up the mission. If no mission had been created
for the exercise (i.e. there is only one start task assigned to the exercise), the simulation will treat this
as an Open Ended exercise.
If the time limit is set to end after a pre-defined specified duration, the exercise will automatically
terminate once the exercise time reaches that specified duration.

3.3.1.2.3 Tasks

Note: This option and associated functionality is only displayed when mission planning functionality is
available for the vehicle type being simulated.
The set of tasks available for an operator to execute are 3D mine world specific and are detailed under
the section describing the 3D world functional characteristics in this document. Where an “Own Mine
World” is provided, the set of tasks available for an operator to execute will be detailed in an additional
Own Mine World specification.
Note: A task may be thought of as a function that the vehicle can perform in the world at a particular
location - essentially it is an instruction to be carried out by the operator as part of the mission to
complete an exercise. Other than a “start task” and an “end-task”, each task consists of two sub-tasks –
the “travel-to” sub-task and the “execute” sub-task. A “start task” consists of only the “execute” sub-task
(and hence has no associated path) and an “end-task” consists of only the “travel-to” sub-task.

Planning Mode:
When in Planning Mode, this settings option will allow the instructor to construct the complete list of
tasks that the operator is expected to execute in order to complete the exercise.
The Tasks Pane will be split into the following three main areas:
 The Mission Tasks list, showing the hierarchical list of tasks currently defined for the exercise
4
(shown using an indented tree structure ). All tasks will be listed in sequence.
 The Next Available Tasks list, showing the list of those tasks that may be added to the last task
in the Mission Tasks list as a subsequent task, in accordance with the operational rules for the
3D mine world.
 The Task Allocation Buttons, used to edit the Mission Tasks list.
When the instructor first creates an exercise, the Mission Tasks list will be empty (showing a blank
Mission) and will require the instructor to select a “start task” from the Next Available Tasks list. It will be
5
possible to construct a mission that consists of only one task (i.e. a “start task”) . Note that if a start task
is not selected by the instructor, the mission planner will default the start task to the first task in the Next
Available Tasks list.
Once tasks exist in the Mission Tasks list, the instructor will be required to select a “next task” from the
Next Available Tasks list. The instructor will not be required to select a “next task” if the last task in the
Mission Task list is an “end task” – in this event, the mission planning activity is complete.
When the instructor first creates an exercise, the Next Available Tasks list will be populated with the
complete list of all possible start tasks defined for the 3D mine world. Once one or more tasks exist in
the Mission Tasks list, the Next Available Tasks list will be populated with all possible subsequent tasks
allowed for the last task listed in the Mission Tasks list. If the last task in the Mission Task list is an “end
task”, the Next Available Tasks list will be empty. It will be possible to define a mission that does not
conclude with an End Task.

4
Expansion and collapse of the tree structure may be performed by clicking on the boxed “+” and “-” icons within the tree structure per
standard MS Windows operation.
5
This allows the instructor to setup a “free-play exercise where no instructions will be displayed to the operator during exercise execution.

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The instructor will be able to construct and edit the Mission Tasks list using the Task Allocation Buttons.
Each button will only be enabled if that function is relevant within the context of the current Mission
Task(s) and Available Task Option selected.
The functionality associated with each of the Task Allocation Buttons (when enabled) will be as follows:
 When the Add Available Task button is pressed, the task selected in the Available Task Option
list will be appended to the last task shown in the Mission Tasks list as the next task to be
performed by the operator.
 When the Remove Task button is pressed, the last task shown in the Mission Task list will be
removed from this list.
 When the Repeat Task Increase button is pressed and two or more tasks are selected and
6
highlighted in the Mission Tasks list, the number of times that the selected sequence of tasks
is to be repeated will be increased by 1. When a sequence of selected tasks is set to be
repeated, these tasks will be indented, identified as a “Cycle” and the number of repetitions to
be performed will be displayed alongside that Cycle in the Mission Tasks list.
 When the Repeat Task Decrease button is pressed and either the “Cycle” list item is selected
or all of the individual tasks comprising that Cycle are selected, the number of times that the
selected sequence of tasks is to be repeated will be decreased by 1 to a minimum of 1. When
the number of repeats of a Cycle is decreased to 1, the “Cycle” identifier will be removed and
the set of tasks that comprised the cycle will be out-dented to the next higher level.
The 2D map may be used by the instructor to visualise the location of tasks and the constructed task
sequence. Functionality associated with the 2D map during the planning phase will be as follows:
 With reference to the Mission Tasks list:
o When a task is added to the Mission Tasks list, the paths to each of the destinations
associated with the tasks listed in the Next Available Tasks list (i.e. possible
subsequent tasks) will be displayed on the 2D map, together with the path to this task
from the previous task, if it exists.
o When a task is selected (i.e. highlighted) in the Mission Tasks list (via a left mouse
click), the 2D map will automatically centre on the icon associated with that task and
that icon and its associated path will be highlighted on the 2D map.
o When a Cycle is selected in the Mission Tasks list, the tasks comprising that Cycle will
all be highlighted in this list and all task icons and associated paths will be displayed on
the 2D map.
 With reference to the Next Available Tasks list:
o Each of the icons associated with each of the tasks listed in the Next Available Tasks
list will be highlighted at their relevant locations on the 2D map, indicating that they are
available for selection.
o If the above highlighted tasks listed in the Next Available Tasks list have paths
associated with them, these paths will be displayed on the 2D map.
o When a task is selected (i.e. highlighted) in the Next Available Tasks list (via a left
mouse click), the 2D map will automatically centre on the icon associated with that task
and that icon and its associated path will be highlighted.
o When an icon is selected and highlighted on the 2D map (via a left mouse click), the
path associated with that icon will be highlighted on the 2D map and the task
description in the Next Available Tasks list will be highlighted.

Execution Mode:
When in Execution mode, this settings option will allow the instructor to view the list of tasks that the
operator is expected to execute in order to complete the exercise, together with the completion state of
each of these tasks.
6
The multiple selection of listed items is possible using the <CTRL> and <SHIFT> keys in conjunction with the left mouse button per
standard MS Windows operation.

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The Tasks Pane will show the Mission Tasks list which shows the following:
 The hierarchical list of tasks (shown using an indented tree structure) currently defined for the
exercise. All tasks will be listed in sequence and will be terminated by an automatically
appended “Mission Complete” task.
 The task currently being executed by the operator, highlighted in colour A.
 The task currently selected by the instructor, highlighted in colour B.
 The percentage complete of each of the sub-tasks within a task, shown as a horizontal bar that
is colour-filled proportional to the percentage complete of that sub-task.
 Where a set of tasks have been started in a Cycle, the current completion of the entire cyclical
task will be indicated as (m of n), where m is the number of cycles completed (including the
current Cycle) and n is the total number of cycles required.
During exercise execution, the 2D map and 3D fly-around view may be used by the instructor to monitor
the operator’s progress through the current task using the following features:
 The instructor’s 2D map will display an overlay of the path associated with the “travel-to” sub-
task of current task being executed by the operator. (Note that the “execute” sub-task has no
associated path).
 The instructor’s 3D fly-around view will display an overlay of the path associated with the
“travel-to” sub-task of the current task being executed by the operator. This will disappear when
the “travel-to” sub-task has been completed. (Note that a mission’s start task has no “travel-to”
sub-task and hence no path will be displayed until the operator starts the vehicle).
 When activated by the instructor using the Task Tools option, the operator’s 3D views will
display an overlay of the path associated with the “travel-to” sub-task of the current task being
executed. (Note that a mission’s start task has no “travel-to” sub-task and hence no path will be
displayed until the operator starts the vehicle).
 As the operator completes the “travel-to” sub-task component of a task, the section of the path
associated with that “travel-to” sub-task will disappear from the operator’s 3D views.
 When a task is selected (i.e. highlighted) in the Mission Tasks list (via a left mouse click), the
2D map will automatically centre on the icon associated with that task and that icon and its
associated “travel-to” path will be highlighted on the 2D map.
 When a Cycle is selected in the Mission Tasks list, the tasks comprising that Cycle will all be
highlighted in this list and all task icons and associated “travel-to” paths will be displayed on the
2D map.
In the event that a mission consists of only a start task, the start task will not display any percentage
complete information at the instructor station, nor will the operator be informed of when the mission is
complete. Once the start task has been executed by the operator, the Mission Complete task in the
instructor’s Mission Task list will be shown as the current task.
Other than the case described in the previous paragraph, when all tasks defining a mission have been
executed by the operator, both the instructor and the operator 3D views will display a “Mission
Complete” message for the exercise and the Mission Complete task in the instructor’s Mission Task list
will be shown as the current task.

3.3.1.2.4 Scoring Criteria

Planning Mode:
When in Planning Mode, the instructor will be able to set the Pass Score for the exercise for each of the
three pre-defined categories, viz.:
 Productivity Enhancement
 Health and Safety
 Machine Use

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Furthermore, the instructor will be able to independently set the “Severity Factor” for each scoring check
(see Implementation Note below).

Implementation Note: The concept behind the scoring and evaluation of operator performance is as
follows:
 There is a default “Pass Mark” of 80% in each of the three scoring categories. These Pass Marks
are defined on a per-exercise basis. Depending on the outcomes required of the exercise, the
instructor may adjust these percentages during the Exercise Planning phase.
 For each exercise, each scoring check (known as an “infraction”) may be assigned a weighting
factor between 0 and 999. A weighting factor of 0 effectively means that if the student commits
that infraction, it will not affect the student’s total scores during the exercise (he may still get
100%). Higher weighting factors affect the student’s total scores more severely – e.g. a
weighting factor of 4 will affect the total score in that category twice as much as a weighting
factor of 2. In this way, the instructor may set up exercises tailored to measure specific outcomes
without being prescriptive.
 A scoring check may be assigned a weighting factor of “Critical”. In this case, if the student
commits that infraction he or she will automatically fail in that category. For example, colliding
with a pedestrian would be assigned a “Critical” weighting factor.
 For the more mathematically minded, the theory behind the calculation of the scores and
resulting Pass or Fail is as follows:
o “1 Point” is defined as the severity level of infraction that a student is allowed to make such
that an average of 1 Infraction Point per Minute will assign that operator a Percentage
Score of 90% for the exercise (i.e. 10 Infraction Points per Minute will result in a Percentage
7
Score of 0%) .
o The instantaneous Percentage Score (P) in each category is calculated as:
𝑃 = 100 − (10 × 𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑃𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝐴𝑐𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑒𝑑 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑀𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒)
And is limited to a lower value of 0%.
o A Fail is assigned in a category if either a Critical infraction has occurred or if the
Percentage Score is less than the Pass Mark defined for the exercise and scoring category.

Execution Mode:
When in Execution mode, the instructor will be able to view the Pass Score and the student’s Current
Score for the exercise for each of the three pre-defined categories listed under Planning Mode.
Each of the Pass Scores for the exercise will be fixed (as defined during the Exercise Planning phase)
and the student’s Current Scores will be updated in real time as the exercise progresses.

3.3.1.3 Vehicle Settings

The instructor will have the ability to define the state of the simulated vehicle and its installed sub-
systems. The available options are described in the sub-sections that follow.

3.3.1.3.1 Komatsu PC3000-6E

Planning Mode:
When in Planning Mode, the instructor will be able to perform the following actions relating to the
simulated vehicle:
 Individually set or clear one or more faults that will randomly be injected into the simulated
vehicle sub-systems during the execution of the exercise. The injection of these faults set

7
This is a predefined score to allow for normalisation of the result.

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during the Planning Mode will be at a random time during the exercise when any activation
conditions for that fault have been satisfied.
Note: The initial load in the bucket will be automatically set to Empty (i.e. 0%).

Execution Mode:
When in Execution mode, the instructor will be able to perform the following actions relating to the
simulated vehicle:
 Reset the load in the bucket, from one of the following discrete values:
o Empty
o 20%
o 40%
o 60%
o 80%
o 100%
 Individually inject one or more faults into the simulated vehicle sub-systems. The injection of the
individually activated fault will be immediate, providing that any activation conditions for that
fault have been satisfied.
 Individually clear one or more faults from the simulated vehicle sub-systems. The clearing of the
individually deactivated fault will be immediate.
 Clear all faults that may be active. The clearing of all faults will happen immediately.

3.3.1.3.2 CCTV Camera

Planning Mode:
When in Planning mode, the instructor will have the option to enable and disable the set of individual
simulated camera views that will be available to an operator on the External CCTV Camera Monitor (if
fitted) as an exercise is executed (see Execution Mode for functionality).
The following simulated camera views will be available for activation / deactivation:
 CCTV Front
 CCTV Right
 CCTV Rear
 CCTV Left
The external camera views will default to ACTIVATED when planning an exercise.
If the External Camera Monitor is not fitted to the simulated cab, enabling the above views will have no
effect.
Execution Mode:
When in Execution mode, the instructor will be able to activate and deactivate the entire set of views
enabled for the exercise during the Planning phase.
If the External CCTV Camera Monitor is not fitted to the simulated cab, enabling the camera views will
have no effect.

3.3.1.4 World Settings

The instructor will have the ability to define the state of the physical world external to the simulated
vehicle. The available options are described in the sub-sections that follow.

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3.3.1.4.1 Environment

Planning Mode:
For surface mining equipment, the instructor will be able to set the initial environmental conditions for
the exercise, including light levels (e.g. night or day), weather (e.g. clear, rain or snow), visibility (e.g.
good, mist or fog) and season (e.g. summer or winter).
For underground mining equipment, the instructor will be unable to set any environment variables.

Execution Mode:
For surface mining equipment, the instructor will be able to redefine the current environmental
conditions set for the exercise during the planning phase.
For underground mining equipment, the instructor will be unable to redefine any environment variables.

3.3.1.4.2 Modifiers

The predefined set of additional world modifiers are 3D mine world specific and are detailed under the
section describing the 3D world functional characteristics in this document.
Where an “Own Mine World” is provided, the predefined set of additional world modifiers will be detailed
in an additional Own Mine World specification.

Planning Mode:
When in Planning Mode, the instructor will be able to enable and disable the appearance or behaviour
of additional world options (world modifiers) that will appear in the 3D world as an exercise is executed.

Execution Mode:
When in Execution mode, the instructor will be able to change the enabled / disabled status of the
additional world options (modifiers) set during the planning phase for the exercise.

3.3.1.4.3 [Specific World Areas]

The optional additional list of specific world areas that may be listed under the World settings option are
mine world specific and are detailed under the section describing the 3D world functional characteristics
in this document.
This list, if included, will consist of a text-based description of each of the areas within the mine world
for which an additional set of modifiers may be defined or set. This allows the user-interface to be
streamlined and de-cluttered in the event that many world modifiers exist that would be more effectively
grouped into location specific screens.
Where an “Own Mine World” is provided, the list of specific world areas to be listed under the World
Settings option will be detailed in an additional Own Mine World specification.

3.3.1.4.4 Radio Chatter

Planning Mode:
When in Planning Mode, the instructor will be able to enable and disable the initial setting for the
automatic injection of simulated background radio chatter as an exercise is executed.

Execution Mode:
When in Execution mode, the instructor will be able to enable and disable the automatic injection of
simulated background radio chatter during exercise execution.

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3.3.1.5 Training Aids

The instructor will have the ability to enable and disable training aids and tools available to the cab
being simulated that are designed to assist the operator when being trained (as opposed to being
evaluated). The available training aids are described in the sub-sections that follow.

3.3.1.5.1 Task Tools

Note: The functionality described below is only available when mission planning functionality is
available and included for the vehicle type being simulated.

Planning Mode:
When in Planning Mode, the instructor will be able to activate or deactivate the set of predefined tasks-
related training aids (e.g. display an overlay of the path for the current task on the operator’s screens)
that will be made available to the operator as an exercise is executed.

Execution Mode:
When in Execution mode, the instructor will be able to activate or deactivate the available predefined
tasks-related training aids.

3.3.1.5.2 Message Viewer

Planning Mode:
When in Planning mode, the instructor will be able to enable or disable the initial display of the message
viewing panel that will appear on a pre-defined projected display screen as an exercise is executed.

Execution Mode:
When in Execution mode, the instructor will be able to enable and disable the display of the message
viewing panel. The message viewing panel, when displayed, will show the scoring checks that have
been triggered by the operator as they occur. These scoring infractions will scroll off the top of the
message viewing panel over time.
Note: This feature facilitates a “Training Mode” of operation where the student is provided with
immediate feedback by the system as to errors being made as they occur. Similarly, when disabled, an
“Evaluation Mode” of operation is facilitated, where the student is not provided feedback during
execution, although the system is recording all errors for reporting purposes.

3.3.1.5.3 Head-Tracking

Note: The functionality described below is only available when head-tracking hardware has been fitted
to the Base Unit; otherwise these head-tracking settings will be ignored by the simulation. While this
functionality is enabled, as the operator’s head is translated in three dimensions, so too will the relative
position of each of the cameras’ viewpoints be adjusted such that realistic parallax effects are
experienced by the operator (i.e. the operator will be able to look around closer objects to see more
distant objects that would otherwise have been obscured by the closer object).
Note: When first executing an exercise with the head-tracking system set to ACTIVATED, the operator
will be required to raise the left hand in the air to set the Neutral Head Position to that of the operator’s
current head position, thereby calibrating the head-tracking system (see the functionality description
below).

Planning Mode:
When in Planning mode, the instructor will be able to set the initial activation status and response of the
head-tracking system that will be experienced by the operator when an exercise is executed (see below
for full functionality associated with each option setting).

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Execution Mode:
When in Execution mode, the instructor will be able to modify the activation status and response of the
head-tracking system experienced by the operator during the execution of an exercise using the
following options:
 The Enabled option will allow the instructor to set the status of the head-tracking system to
either ACTIVATED (when enabled) or DEACTIVATED (when disabled).
 While the head-tracking system is set to ACTIVATED, the each of the cameras’ viewpoints will
move in accordance with the translation of the operator’s head, with the magnitude of these
8
viewpoint adjustments being modified by the following options :
o While the Dampen Small Movements option is enabled, the head-tracking system will
ignore small movements of the operator’s head while the head is at the Neutral Head
9
Position .
o The Offset Mode of the head-tracking system will be able to be set to one of the
following three states:
 Subtle: Movements of each of the cameras’ viewpoints will be reduced
compared to movements experienced while this option is set to Normal. This
reduced range of camera viewpoint movement will provide more subtle
parallax effects to the operator.
 Normal: Movements of each of the cameras’ viewpoints will be set to the
default range. Head movements will result in a standard range of camera
viewpoint movements to provide standard parallax effects to the operator
 Exaggerated: Movements of each of the cameras’ viewpoints will be increased
compared to movements experienced while this option is set to Normal. This
increased range of camera viewpoint movement will provide enhanced
parallax effects to the operator.
o If the operator raises the left arm above the head, the status of the head-tracking
system will be set to PAUSED.
o If the operator raises the right arm above the head, the head-tracking system will
automatically recalibrate such that the Neutral Head Position will be set to the current
position of the operator’s head.
o If the operator’s head moves out of the range of the Neutral Head Position
(approximately 0.35m either side of left-right and up-down or 0.25m forward-backward
10
of the Neutral Head Position ), the status of the head-tracking system will be
automatically set to PAUSED.
 While the head-tracking system is set to PAUSED:
o Each of the cameras’ viewpoints will remain fixed irrespective of the position and
orientation of the operator’s head and all other head-tracking settings will be ignored
by the simulation.
o If the operator raises the left arm above the head whilst within the range of the Neutral
Head Position:
 The status of the head-tracking system will be set to ACTIVATED; and
 The Neutral Head Position will be set to the current position of the operator’s
head.
 While the head-tracking system is set to DEACTIVATED:
o Each of the cameras’ viewpoints will remain fixed irrespective of the position and
orientation of the operator’s head and all other head-tracking settings will be ignored
by the simulation.
8
These options are made available for operators that are more prone to motion sickness.
9
In certain instances, this can reduce distracting effects of parallax whilst operating the equipment.
10
These values are set in the Master Configuration File and are adjustable by ThoroughTec technicians if required.

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o The operator will not be able to change the activation status of the head-tracking
system.

3.3.1.5.4 Motion Platform

Planning Mode:
When in Planning Mode, the instructor will be able to set the initial response (i.e. sensitivity) of the
motion platform that will be experienced by the operator as an exercise is executed.

Execution Mode:
When in Execution mode, the instructor will be able to modify the response (i.e. sensitivity) of the
motion platform that will be experienced by the operator during the execution of an exercise.

3.3.1.6 2D and 3D World Viewer

The instructor will be able to select any one of the following views for display on his monitor:
 A 2D top-down view of the world showing the positions of all entities in the world.
 A 3D “fly around” view that can move anywhere in the world, and is controllable by a COTS
joystick.
 A 3D “orbital” view that is permanently attached to the vehicle and is controllable by a COTS
joystick.
 A set of 3D “cab” views that show the forward, rear, left and right views as seen from inside
the cab.
In CYBERMINE-3 or earlier Base Units, the Instructor will be able to display this 3D view in a small
window on the main screen, or as a full-screen window.
IN CYBERMINE 4 Base Units, the Instructor has a permanent display dedicated to 3D viewing of the
virtual world.

3.3.1.7 Instruments and Controls Display

The instructor will be able to see on his monitor, in real-time, the state of all the operator’s controls,
(including all switches, gauges, buttons and levers).
In addition to these instruments and controls, the state of the following physical quantities will be
displayed for reference:
 Vehicle Speed (in KPH)
 Left Track Speed (in KPH)
 Right Track Speed (in KPH)
 Superstructure Slew Angle (in degrees, relative to the under-carriage)
 Superstructure Slew Speed (in RPM, relative to the under-carriage)
 Bucket Open State (0% to 100%)
 Bucket Fill Factor (0% to 100%)
 Truck Count (Number)

3.3.1.8 Real-Time Graphs Display

The instructor will be able to view the current and historical state of certain controls and vehicle
parameters as horizontal scrolling graphs while the simulation is running. Each graph will be updated at
least twice per second.

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The following sets of graphs will be displayed and recorded :
 Slew Angle: The superstructure angular offset relative to the undercarriage;
range -180° to +180°.
 Boom Angle: The front-face of the Boom relative to the vertical; range -70° to
+180°.
 Bucket Height: Above (+) or below (-) the level of the bench floor on which the
tracks are sitting; range -8m to +14m.
 Bucket Open State: As a percentage of fully open; range 0% to 100%.
 Superstructure Slew Speed: Relative to the undercarriage; -4RPM to +4RPM.
 Left Track Speed: Range -4KPH to +4KPH.
 Right Track Speed: Range -4KPH to +4KPH.
 Bucket Fill Factor: As a percentage of a full bucket load; range 0% to 100%.
 Truck Tonnage: The load in the truck’s bin in metric tonnes; range 0 Tonnes to
100 Tonnes.

3.3.1.9 Procedural Checks Display

The instructor will be able to see on his monitor, in real-time, the cumulative number of errors per
scoring type that the operator has made up to that point in the exercise.
As a new error is made by the operator, the score for that error will be incremented and highlighted for a
short period to indicate such.

3.3.1.10 Real-Time Scores Display

The following scoring related graphs will be available to the Instructor during exercise execution:
 Health and Safety: The aggregate weighting of scoring checks that pertain to Health and
Safety.
 Machine Use: The aggregate weighting of scoring checks that pertain to Machine Use.
 Productivity Enhancements: The aggregate weighting of scoring checks that pertain to
productivity enhancements.

3.3.2 Replay Exercises

Each exercise will be able to be recorded, and replayed on the instructor’s monitor for review with the
student.
The following functions will be available to the instructor during the After Action Review (AAR) process:
 Start the replay from any time during the exercise.
 Pause and resume the replay at any point.
 View any of the 3D Views (the same options exist as for execution).
 Listen to any radio communications made by the operator during the simulation (while the
Radio PTT button is pressed).
 View the state, at the given scenario time, of all instruments and controls, faults, scoring checks
and real-time graphs.

11
Where values lie outside of the specified range, these will be clipped to range between the values specified.

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3.3.3 Exercise Reports

Detailed reports on the exercise will be available for display or printing.

All exercise reports will contain the following information for the recorded exercise session:
 The exercise name
 The student name
 The date of exercise execution
 The exercise start time
 The duration of the exercise

3.3.3.1 The Procedural Scoring Report

This report will include a detailed breakdown of each scoring check, including the number of times the
student violated a scoring check.
Furthermore, the following scoring related graphs will be provided as part of this report:
 Health and Safety: The aggregate weighting of scoring checks that pertain to Health and
Safety.
 Machine Use: The aggregate weighting of scoring checks that pertain to Machine Use.
 Productivity Enhancement: The aggregate weighting of scoring checks that pertain to
Productivity Enhancement.

3.3.3.2 The Emergency Situation Response Report

This report will include a collection of graphs of the following quantities from the time that a failure
occurred to at least 30s after the event (see “Real-Time Graphs Display” above):
 Slew Angle: The superstructure angular offset relative to the undercarriage;
range -180° to +180°.
 Boom Angle: The front-face of the Boom relative to the vertical; range -70° to
+180°.
 Bucket Height: Above (+) or below (-) the level of the bench floor on which the
tracks are sitting; range -8m to +14m.
 Bucket Open State: As a percentage of fully open; range 0% to 100%.
 Superstructure Slew Speed: Relative to the undercarriage; -4RPM to +4RPM.
 Left Track Speed: Range -4KPH to +4KPH.
 Right Track Speed: Range -4KPH to +4KPH.
 Bucket Fill Factor: As a percentage of a full bucket load; range 0% to 100%.
 Truck Tonnage: The load in the truck’s bin in metric tonnes; range 0 Tonnes to
100 Tonnes.
Note: The instructor may use these graphs to determine if the student reacted correctly and with the
necessary time limits.

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3.3.3.3 The Productivity Report

3.3.3.3.1 Timing Definitions

This section describes how the various times taken for an operator to execute the digging, swinging,
dumping and returning activities are measured in the simulation. An understanding of these times will
allow the instructor to effectively perform productivity related measurement and evaluation for each
operator.
The sub-cycle phases will be defined as follows:
Phase 1: Digging
 This will be measured from the time that an empty bucket penetrates the muck pile to the last
time that the bucket exits the muck pile.
 If the operator empties his bucket and then penetrates the muck pile again, and a haul truck
is not positioned ready for the excavator, the digging phase timer will be restarted. This
check is needed to allow the operator to “clean” the face and loading area and not be
penalized.
Phase 2: Swinging
 This will be measured from the last time that the bucket exits the muck pile to the point when
the operator begins to dump muck into the bin of the haul truck.
Phase 3: Dumping
 This will be measured from the time that the operator begins to dump muck into the bin of the
haul truck until the operator starts slewing back towards the muck pile.
Phase 4: Returning
 This will be measured from the last time that the operator starts slewing back towards the
muck pile until the bucket enters the muck pile, or the operator puts the bucket on the
ground.

3.3.3.3.2 Productivity Report Contents

The productivity report will contain the following information for each Cycle executed by the operator:
 Total number of trucks loaded
 Average number of trucks loaded per hour
 Average tonnes loaded per hour
 Average number of cycles per hour. (A cycle is defined as the time between initial penetration
of an empty bucket in the muck pile, dumping that load on a haul truck and that of the next
penetration of the empty bucket)
 For each cycle:
o The load dumped into the truck (in metric tonnes);
o Fill Factor (%);
o The phase 1: Digging sub-cycle time;
o The phase 2: Swinging sub-cycle time;
o The phase 3: Dumping sub-cycle time;
o The phase 4: Returning sub-cycle time.
o The digging depth, being the maximum vertical distance of bucket penetration below
the floor on which the haul truck is parked (in metres). Note: a positive value will
indicate “above floor level”;

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3.3.4 Cost Reports

This will display a summary report of the indicative total costs that the simulator has saved the user to
date.
This will be based on improved operator performance, reaction to conditions which occur in the
simulator as well as materials used.

3.3.5 Usage Reports

This will display the cumulative number of hours that exercises have been executed on the simulator to
date, per defined group. For each of the defined groups on the system, these cumulative hours will be
further broken down into the following:
 The cumulative number of hours that exercises have been run by a user within that group
operating as a trainee on the simulator; and
 The cumulative number of hours that exercises have been run by a user within that group
operating as an instructor on the simulator.

3.3.6 Documents

The following documents will be delivered with the system as a minimum:

 The CYBERMINE Simulator Owner’s Manual.
 This Product Specification.
 The Product Specification for Third-Party Equipment (as ordered and applicable)
 Any associated Mine World specification (as ordered and applicable).
The Owner’s Manual will detail all aspects of operation of the equipment and will be written for use by
the Instructor group.
The above documents will be able to be viewed and printed from the Instructor Station.

3.3.7 User Management

There will be four types of user accounts:

 Student: A user being evaluated and trained on the simulator.
 Trainer: A user who facilitates and evaluates a student by executing simulator exercises.
 Instructor: A user who facilitates and evaluates a student by controlling the simulator exercises,
but who also may add and modify exercises.
 Maintainer: A user who performs any on-going simulator maintenance functions such as
calibration.
Each user will be provided with a name and password.
Users will be able to be assigned to Instructor defined Groups.
The instructor station will be able to perform the following functions:
 Add new users to the system.
 Remove old users from the system.
 Update the details of existing users.

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3.3.8 System Diagnostics

The instructor station will be used by the Maintainer to perform various system management functions.
These will include:
 Diagnosis of low-level hardware problems by allowing individual control of all lights and gauges,
and the display of all switch, button, lever and pedal states, as applicable.
 Calibration of all analogue controls, including levers and pedals.

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4 APPENDIX A: PHYSICAL QUANTITIES USED IN THE REALITY

MODELS

4.1 General Specifications

General Specifications

Operating Machine Mass 250,000kg

Motor Output Power 900kW

Operational Frequency 60Hz @1800RPM

3
Bucket Capacity (SAE/CECE Heaped 2:1) 15 m

Swing Speed 0RPM to 4.6RPM

Travel Speed 0KPH to 2.4KPH

Dimensions

A: 0.800m F: 6.000m L: 3.060m

B: 1.000m G: 7.910m M: 3.010m

CA: 5.600m H: 2.710m N: 6.800m

CB: 5.800m I: 2.570m O: 5.950m

D: 2.160m J: 6.685m O R: 6.480m

E: 3.000m K: 7.485m

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Digging Envelope and Specifications

Maximum Reach at Ground Level 14.850m

Maximum Dump Height 10.200m

Maximum Crowd Length 4.700m

Bucket Opening Width 2.400m

Crowd Force 1,100kN

Breakout Force 1,000kN

Total Weight of Front Attachment (Shovel, Stick & Boom) 23.1tonnes

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5 APPENDIX B: FACTORY INSTALLATION OPTIONS

5.1 LEFT AND RIGHT CONTROL LEVER FUNCTIONS

The functionality associated with the deflections of the shovel’s Left Control Lever and Right Control Lever
from their centre positions will be configurable at installation time at the factory to cater for the following
functionalities:

Default Configuration (EURO):

 The Left Control Lever will be used for extending and retracting the stick.
 The Right Control Lever will be used for lowering and lifting the boom, as well as filling and emptying
the bucket.

Alternate Configuration (KMG):

 The Left Control Lever will be used for lowering and lifting the boom, as well as filling and emptying
the bucket.
 The Right Control Lever will be used for extending and retracting the stick.

5.2 FLOAT POSITION WHILST DIGGING

The shovel’s ability to dig with or without the use of the Boom and Stick Float OFF Switches will be
configurable at installation time at the factory to cater for the following different behaviour characteristics:

Default Configuration:
 Digging can be executed irrespective of the states of the Boom and Stick Float OFF Switches.

Alternative Configuration:
 Provided the Boom and Stick Float OFF Switches are not depressed, substantial penetration of the
terrain with the bucket will not be possible.
 Note: This is usually implemented when there is a requirement for digging un-blasted or medium or a
medium that requires a significant breakout force.

5.3 BEACON LIGHT SWITCH

The functionality associated with the Beacon Light Switch will be configurable at installation time at the factory
to cater for the following different behaviour characteristics:

Default Configuration:
 The Beacon Light Switch is installed and controls the rotating light
 If either the Beacon Light Switch or the Main Switch is in the Off position, the simulated external
rotating lamp will be OFF.
 If the Beacon Light Switch is ON and the Main Switch is in the On position, the simulated external
rotating lamp will be ON.

Alternative Configuration:
 The Beacon Light Switch is omitted and the rotating light function is automatic: If the Main Switch is in the
Off position, the simulated external rotating lamp will be OFF, otherwise it will be ON.

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