C if else Statement
The if statement in C language is used to perform operation on the basis of condition. By using if-else
statement, you can perform operation either condition is true or false.
There are many ways to use if statement in C language:
If statement
If-else statement
If else-if ladder
Nested if
If Statement
The single if statement in C language is used to execute the code if condition is true. The syntax of if
statement is given below:
if(expression){
//code to be executed
Flowchart of if statement in C
if statement in c
Let's see a simple example of c language if statement.
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
int number=0;
printf("enter a number:");
scanf("%d",&number);
if(number%2==0){
printf("%d is even number",number);
return 0;
}
Output
enter a number:4
4 is even number
enter a number:5
If-else Statement
The if-else statement in C language is used to execute the code if condition is true or false. The
syntax of if-else statement is given below:
if(expression){
//code to be executed if condition is true
}else{
//code to be executed if condition is false
Flowchart of if-else statement in C
if-else statement in c
Let's see the simple example of even and odd number using if-else statement in C language.
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
int number=0;
printf("enter a number:");
scanf("%d",&number);
if(number%2==0){
printf("%d is even number",number);
}
else{
printf("%d is odd number",number);
return 0;
Output
enter a number:4
4 is even number
enter a number:5
5 is odd number
If else-if ladder Statement
The if else-if statement is used to execute one code from multiple conditions.
The syntax of if else-if statement is given below:
if(condition1){
//code to be executed if condition1 is true
}else if(condition2){
//code to be executed if condition2 is true
else if(condition3){
//code to be executed if condition3 is true
...
else{
//code to be executed if all the conditions are false
}
Flowchart of else-if ladder statement in C
if-else-if ladder statement in c
The example of if-else-if statement in C language is given below.
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
int number=0;
printf("enter a number:");
scanf("%d",&number);
if(number==10){
printf("number is equals to 10");
else if(number==50){
printf("number is equal to 50");
}
else if(number==100){
printf("number is equal to 100");
else{
printf("number is not equal to 10, 50 or 100");
return 0;
Output
enter a number:4
number is not equal to 10, 50 or 100
enter a number:50
number is equal to 50
C Switch Statement
The switch statement in C language is used to execute the code from multiple conditions. It is like if
else-if ladder statement.
The syntax of switch statement in c language is given below:
switch(expression){
case value1:
//code to be executed;
break; //optional
case value2:
//code to be executed;
break; //optional
......
default:
code to be executed if all cases are not matched;
Rules for switch statement in C language
1) The switch expression must be of integer or character type.
2) The case value must be integer or character constant.
3) The case value can be used only inside the switch statement.
4) The break statement in switch case is not must. It is optional. If there is no break statement found
in switch case, all the cases will be executed after matching the case value. It is known as fall through
state of C switch statement.
Let's try to understand it by the examples. We are assuming there are following variables.
int x,y,z;
char a,b;
float f;
Valid Switch Invalid Switch Valid Case Invalid Case
switch(x) switch(f) case 3; case 2.5;
switch(x>y) switch(x+2.5) case 'a'; case x;
switch(a+b-2) case 1+2; case x+2;
switch(func(x,y)) case 'x'>'y'; case 1,2,3;
Flowchart of switch statement in C
Let's see a simple example of c language switch statement.
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
int number=0;
printf("enter a number:");
scanf("%d",&number);
switch(number){
case 10:
printf("number is equals to 10");
break;
case 50:
printf("number is equal to 50");
break;
case 100:
printf("number is equal to 100");
break;
default:
printf("number is not equal to 10, 50 or 100");
return 0;
Output
enter a number:4
number is not equal to 10, 50 or 100
enter a number:50
number is equal to 50
C Switch statement is fall-through
In C language, switch statement is fall through, it means if you don't use break statement in switch
case, all the case after matching case will be executed.
Let's try to understand the fall through state of switch statement by the example given below.
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
int number=0;
printf("enter a number:");
scanf("%d",&number);
switch(number){
case 10:
printf("number is equals to 10\n");
case 50:
printf("number is equal to 50\n");
case 100:
printf("number is equal to 100\n");
default:
printf("number is not equal to 10, 50 or 100");
return 0;
Output
enter a number:10
number is equals to 10
number is equals to 50
number is equals to 100
number is not equal to 10, 50 or 100
enter a number:50
number is equal to 50
number is equals to 100
number is not equal to 10, 50 or 100
