Abstract
RFID is an acronym for Radio Frequency Identification. RFID is one member in the family of
Automatic Identification and Data Capture (AIDC) technologies and is a fast and reliable means of
identifying just about any material object. This project can be applied in real time applications such as
recording the attendance. This system can be used in big companies, industries, colleges, schools,
etc where the attendance recording has to be maintained. This system helps us in recording the
attendance of a person easily within fraction of seconds. RFID is increasingly used with biometric
technologies for security. Primarily, the two main components involved in a Radio Frequency
Identification system are the Transponder (tags that are attached to the object) and the Interrogator
(RFID reader).
Communication between the RFID reader and tags occurs wirelessly and generally doesn’t require a
line of sight between the devices.
RFID tags are categorized as either active or passive. Active RFID tags are powered by an
internal battery and are typically read/write, i.e., tag data can be rewritten and/or modified. An active
tag's memory size varies according to application requirements; some systems operate with up to
1MB of memory. Passive RFID tags operate without a separate external power source and obtain
operating power generated from the reader. This project uses passive tags. Read-only tags are
typically passive and are programmed with a unique set of data (usually 32 to 128 bits) that cannot be
modified. The reader has three main functions: energizing, demodulating and decoding. The antenna
emits radio signals to activate the tag and to read and write data to it.
In this project, the RFID module reader typically contains a module (transmitter and receiver),
a control unit and a coupling element (antenna). This module is interfaced with the micro controller.
When the card is brought near to the RFID module, it reads the data in the card and displays on the
LCD. If the data in the card is matched with the data stored in the program memory, then it compares
with that ID code and displays the time entered along with his/her name on the LCD. If the data is not
matched, it alerts a person through a buzzer.
The significant advantage of all types of RFID systems is the non contact, non-line-of-sight
nature of the technology. Tags can be read through a variety of substances such as snow, fog, ice,
paint, crusted grime, and other visually and environmentally challenging conditions, where barcodes
or other optically read technologies would be useless. Hence this project can be very much useful and
can be implemented in real time applications for recording the attendance.
SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE TOOLS:
Software Tools:
1. Keil compiler
2. Orcad.
Hardware Tools:
1. AVR Microcontroller ATMEGA 16.
2. RFID reader
3. MAX232
4. RTC
5. LCD
6. Buzzer
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Abstract
RFID is an acronym for Radio Frequency Identification. RFID is one member in the family of
Automatic Identification and Data Capture (AIDC) technologies and is a fast and reliable means of
identifying just about any material object. This project can be applied in real time applications such as
recording the attendance. This system can be used in big companies, industries, colleges, schools,
etc where the attendance recording has to be maintained. This system helps us in recording the
attendance of a person easily within fraction of seconds. RFID is increasingly used with biometric
technologies for security. Primarily, the two main components involved in a Radio Frequency
Identification system are the Transponder (tags that are attached to the object) and the Interrogator
(RFID reader).
Communication between the RFID reader and tags occurs wirelessly and generally doesn’t require a
line of sight between the devices.
RFID tags are categorized as either active or passive. Active RFID tags are powered by an internal
battery and are typically read/write, i.e., tag data can be rewritten and/or modified. An active tag's
memory size varies according to application requirements; some systems operate with up to 1MB of
memory. Passive RFID tags operate without a separate external power source and obtain operating
power generated from the reader. This project uses passive tags. Read-only tags are typically passive
and are programmed with a unique set of data (usually 32 to 128 bits) that cannot be modified. The
reader has three main functions: energizing, demodulating and decoding. The antenna emits radio
signals to activate the tag and to read and write data to it.
In this project, the RFID module reader typically contains a module (transmitter and receiver), a
control unit and a coupling element (antenna). This module is interfaced with the micro controller.
When the card is brought near to the RFID module, it reads the data in the card and displays on the
LCD. If the data in the card is matched with the data stored in the program memory, then it compares
with that ID code and displays the time entered along with his/her name on the LCD. If the data is not
matched, it alerts a person through a buzzer.
The significant advantage of all types of RFID systems is the non contact, non-line-of-sight
nature of the technology. Tags can be read through a variety of substances such as snow, fog, ice,
paint, crusted grime, and other visually and environmentally challenging conditions, where barcodes
or other optically read technologies would be useless. Hence this project can be very much useful and
can be implemented in real time applications for recording the attendance.
SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE TOOLS:
Software Tools:
Keil compiler
Orcad.
Hardware Tools:
AVR Microcontroller ATMEGA 16.
RFID reader
MAX232
RTC
LCD
Buzzer
BLOCK DIAGRAM
