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Field Guide Section 10 PDF

This document provides guidance on collecting data from transportation structures after an earthquake. Key types of data to collect include: 1) Impacts to transportation systems and emergency response. 2) Damage assessments of highway bridges, overpasses, roadbeds, elevated transportation structures, airports, and public transit systems. 3) Site information like soil types, ground failures, and foundation movements. 4) Earthquake damage details for specific bridge and transportation components. The checklist also provides a field investigation form template to document details of inspected bridge structures. Collecting this transportation infrastructure performance data can help understand earthquake impacts and inform future design.

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81 views5 pages

Field Guide Section 10 PDF

This document provides guidance on collecting data from transportation structures after an earthquake. Key types of data to collect include: 1) Impacts to transportation systems and emergency response. 2) Damage assessments of highway bridges, overpasses, roadbeds, elevated transportation structures, airports, and public transit systems. 3) Site information like soil types, ground failures, and foundation movements. 4) Earthquake damage details for specific bridge and transportation components. The checklist also provides a field investigation form template to document details of inspected bridge structures. Collecting this transportation infrastructure performance data can help understand earthquake impacts and inform future design.

Uploaded by

judy
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SECTION 10

Transportation Structures—Field Investigation


Types of Data to Be Collected and Recorded
Identify transportation system losses. Attempt to identify primary and secondary impacts
of transportation disruption, e.g., impact on emergency response, effects on other lifelines
or on community, etc.
CHECKLIST
Transportation Structures
In General
If disruption to transportation systems affected emergency response, refer to Section 12,
Emergency Management and Response—Field Investigation for applicable checklists.
What was the impact of dysfunction on the transportation system?
All transportation structures should be assessed with respect to the primary and secondary
impacts of loss, if any, of key transportation links.
Highway Bridges and Overpasses
1. Determine extent of damage and whether or not bridge is usable.
2. Compare, if applicable, pre- and post-1971 bridges in various intensity zones
(particularly relevant in California).
3. Note orientation of longitudinal axis of bridge and compare damage of other
structures having similar orientation.
4. Determine relative influences on bridge damage of differential earth movements,
foundation failure, and ground shaking.
5. Examine connections or restraints between bridge elements. Note bearing details
(“rocker-type” bearings are extremely vulnerable).
6. Determine dynamic action of backfills on retaining wall and bridge abutments.
Roadbeds
1. Determine whether or not any fill settlement was influenced by soil type and
depth of underlying soils.
2. Did landslides occur? Were they related to soil types, cuts or fills, moisture
content, or slope designs?
3. Was there damage due to surface fault rupture?
Elevated Transportation Structures
1. Check for damage in foundations, including piles and spread footings. Check
foundation condition at abutments and columns.
2. Determine column type and check column connection detail at foundation and at
deck or cap. Check for shear cracking, moment cracking, tilting.
3. Determine orientation of bridge axis.
4. Note deck bearing detail condition.
5. Note abutment condition. Was there deck impacting, dynamic action of backfill,
or throwing of stones from deep holes?
6. Did wing wall cracking occur? What was dynamic action of backfill with respect
to wing walls?
7. What is condition of apron? Check for slippage.
8. Determine expansion joint condition. Observe both from roadway and from
underneath, if possible.
9. Examine approach road to deck and look for compressive failure, buckling, or
settlement.
10. What is condition of superstructure? Was there lateral offset at joints, vertical
displacement? Check girders, floor beams, stringers, and bracing.
Airports
1. Document condition of control towers, including equipment and its anchorages.
2. Determine condition of runways and taxiways.
3. Note condition of emergency generator and its anchorage.
Public Transit Systems
Inspection items will be similar to Elevated Transportation Structures, above. Also, refer
to Section 9, Lifelines—Field Investigation: Communication Systems.
Field Investigation Form—Bridge Structures (adapt as appropriate for other
structures)
Name of Investigator:________________________ Date: ___________
Bridge Information
Route/Interchange:
Bridge identification:
Length:____________ Width:_____________ When Built:
Superstructure:

Substructure:

Abutments:

Hinges/Bearings:

Skew/Curve:

Retrofit:

Pre-Earthquake condition:

Strong motion recording instruments present?


Base isolation system, if applicable:

Site Information
Types of soils:
Sand boils? Lateral spreading?
Ground faulting?
Foundation movement?
Earthquake Damage to Structure

Total estimated loss:


Less than 10% 10–50% over 50%
Is bridge functional? Yes_____ No_____ If no, why not?

If not functional, effect on route:

Miscellaneous Data
Photos: Yes No Roll # Frame(s) #:
Other:

Use back of this sheet for sketches and additional notes.


Recommendations for Further (Short-Term) Research on Transportation
Structures
Name of Investigator:________________________ Date: ___________

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