confined space definition With exp.

Hazards of confined space.

Working at height.
Hazards of working at height.
Hazards of Compress gas
cylinders.
What is LOTO.
What is equipment isolation.
Type of isolation.
Class of incidents.
Class of fire.
What is LTI.
What is color code system.
Scaffolding components.
CRANE safety.
Type of lifting
Rigging operation
GFCI
OSHA Standard for PPEs
Excavation,
TYPES of Excavation
HAZARDS OF EXCAVATION
Hazard communication.
NFPA.
Material handling
Manual handling
Review mention above subjects.
For interview.

confined space definition With exp.

An area which is small and enclosed or an area where one entry and exits or where a man
cannot work comfortable in any location is caused confined space.

Hazards of confined space.

 Toxic Atmosphere. A toxic atmosphere may cause various acute effects, including
impairment of judgement, unconsciousness and death. ...
 Oxygen Deficiency. ...
 Oxygen Enrichment. ...
 Flammable or Explosive Atmospheres. ...
 Flowing Liquid or Free Flowing Solids. ...
 Excessive Heat.

Working at height

Six feet

Hazards of working at height.

Hazards of Compress gas

Compressed gases can be toxic, flammable, oxidizing, corrosive, or inert. In the

event of a leak, inert gases can quickly displace air in a large area creating an
oxygen-deficient atmosphere, toxic gases can create poison atmospheres, and
flammable or reactive gases can result in fire and exploding cylinders. In addition,
there are hazards from the pressure of the gas and the physical wei ght of the
cylinder. A gas cylinder falling over can break containers and crush feet. The cylinder
can itself become a missile if the cylinder valve is broken off.

Common examples include: compressed air, carbon dioxide, propane, oxygen, ethylene oxide,
and welding gases. The hazard symbol is a picture of a cylinder or container of compressed
gas surrounded by a circle. Additional dangers may be present if the gas has other hazardous
properties.

What is LOTO.

LOTO (Lock Out Tag Out) is the physical restraint of all hazardous energy sources that supply
power to a piece of equipment, machinery or system. LOTO also includes applying a Warning
Tag on the physical restraint device. This documents the Authorized LOTO personnel and the
date.

What is equipment isolation

The isolation process is also known in industry as 'lockout / Tagout' and is used
to isolate machinery and equipment from its energy source. It is important to ensure
the isolation of any unsafe machinery/equipment from potential uncontrolled energy sources
during repair, service or maintenance work.

Classes of incidents

Incidents and accidents are to be categorized into one of the following

five classes.
 Class One - Reportable to an Outside Agency. Types of Class One. ...
 Class Two - An Accident or Illness. ...
 Class Three - A Minor Injury or Illness. ...
 Class Four - A Near Miss. ...
 Class Five - A Confidential Incident.

Class of fire.
 Class A - fires involving solid materials such as wood, paper or textiles.
 Class B - fires involving flammable liquids such as petrol, diesel or oils.
 Class C - fires involving gases.
 Class D - fires involving metals.
 Class E - fires involving live electrical apparatus. (

An LTI (Lost Time Injury) is an injury sustained by an employee that leads to loss of productive
work in the form of absenteeism or delays. A workplace injury is only considered an LTI if the
worker is unable to perform their regular duties, takes time off to recover or is assigned to
modified tasks while they heal.Nov 10, 2017

color code

A color code or colour code is a system for displaying information by using different colors.

 Red: Fire protection equipment. Danger, high risk of injury or death. ...
 Orange: Moderate risk of injury. Guarding devices.
 Yellow: Caution statements. ...
 Green: Safety equipment or information. ...
 Blue: No immediate hazard.
 Red – combustible materials. Yellow – oxidizers.

Scaffolding

Scaffolding, also called scaffold or staging, is a temporary structure used to support a

work crew and materials to aid in the construction, maintenance and repair of buildings,
bridges and all other man made structures.

Components of Scaffolding
 A base jack or plate which is a load-bearing base for the scaffold.
 The standard, the upright component with connector joins.
 The ledger, a horizontal brace.
 The transom, a horizontal cross-section load-bearing component which holds the batten, board,
or decking unit.
 Brace diagonal and/or cross section bracing component.
 Batten or board decking component used to make the working platform.
 Coupler, a fitting used to join components together.
 Scaffold tie, used to tie in the scaffold to structures.
 Brackets, used to extend the width of working platforms.

What are the hazards in crane lifting?

WLL and SWL are abbreviated terms commonly used in the field
of engineering. “WLL” stands for “working load limit” while
“SWL” stands for “safe working load.” The main differences
between safe working load from working load limit is that “SWL”
is the older term
What is rigging and slinging?
Rigging -The process of lifting and moving heavy loads with ropes, chains, and
mechanical devices. ii. Sling - A loop of material that connects the load to the lifting
device. Slings can be made of chain, wire, metal mesh, natural, and synthetic materials

Rigging – when workers prepare equipment to be lifted by cranes, hoists or

other material-handling machinery – is a common work process on shipyard
and construction sites, among others. Performing rigging operations safely is
critical. According to OSHA, rigging workers have been injured or killed when
loads have slipped or the rigging has failed.

Ground Fault Circuit Interrupt

GFCI Electrical Outlets – A GFCI outlet (GFCI stands for Ground Fault Circuit
Interrupt) is a special electrical outlet device that provides much greater protection from
electrical shock than a standard electrical outlet does.

Hazards in excavation
 falls into trenches or excavations

 tripping over equipment, debris and spoil

 excavated material or other objects falling on workers

 exposure to underground services or overhead electrical cables

 unstable adjacent structures

 mishandled or poorly placed materials

 hazardous atmosphere (noxious gases/lack of oxygen)

 toxic, irritating or flammable and explosive gases

 incidents involving vehicles and other mobile equipment

types of excavations

Bridge
This excavation is done for bridge construction and to remove unwanted materials that tend
to impede development of bridge substructures and foundations for supporting the bridge.
Drainage/Structure
Drainage relates to removing water from trenches, ditches, agricultural sites, storm drains,
runoff drainage, and also from any structure relating to such drainage. Ditches are
excavated for funneling water away from habitable, infrastructural, and agricultural areas to
prevent harm from water stagnation.
Borrow
This type of excavation involves removing materials to clear the way for construction.
Gravel or soil are removed from a sandbox or borrow pit for use in another site for fill,
grading, or mixing with concrete.
Earth
This pertains to soil removal just below the topsoil and involves earth removal for laying
structural foundations and/or digging drainage ditches.
Dredging
Excavation of huge deposits of sediment in waterways to make them passable is called
dredging. It takes place underwater, mostly in river mouths or shallow passages of oceans
to enhance navigation for boat traffic.
Muck
This is another material-based excavation procedure. Muck, which is an undesirable
combination of dirty soil and water and which is likely to contaminate the soil is removed
completely to make an area habitable, safe, and passable. The process involves either
removing the unwanted muck elsewhere or spreading it out in order to allow the soil to dry.
Footing
Foundations structures that support bridges, buildings, and other heavy structures are
called footings. They spread the load to prevent such heavy structures from sinking or
collapsing. Footing excavation is done after the structural site is properly graded first. This
procedure requires high precision as the concrete for the footings are poured first and left to
set thereafter.
Roadway
Roadway excavation is done to remove the excavated materials to another site to make
way for new road construction. These materials may, however, also find use as building
materials for the new roadway or for building embankments. In certain cases, unwanted
slope materials are removed with excavated materials from other sites replacing them.
Stripping
Excavation of large areas is called stripping. Usually, the area is cleared of gravel, topsoil,
rocks, and sand, followed by grading. Done mostly at large construction or heavy
engineering sites.
Rock
When rocky surfaces are cleared to enhance engineering or construction projects, rock
excavation is said to have been done. This is not only more challenging but also requires
special equipment and explosives to break up and remove the rocks.
Topsoil
This known as specific excavation where the topsoil, comprising the soil’s uppermost level
and vegetation, are removed.
Underground
The excavating here is done underground and involves specialized tools, techniques, and
equipment. Diagonal or vertical shafts and horizontal tunnels are dug to build roadways,
canals, sewage systems, and subways.
The classification of excavation is also done according to the work’s purpose and includes
cut and fill excavation, trench excavation, and basement excavation.

What is the definition of hazard communication?

Hazard communication, also known as HazCom, is a set of processes and

procedures that employers and importers must implement in the workplace to
effectively communicate hazards associated with chemicals during handling, shipping,
and any form of exposure.
 National Fire Prevention Association
The National Fire Prevention Association (NFPA) is a global, non-profit organization
that promotes safety standards, education, training, and advocacy on fire and electrical-
related hazards.

What are the types of material handling?

Anything that deals with the transportation, storage and control at any stage of the
processing of materials can be classified as material handling equipment.
...
Types of industrial trucks:
 Automated guided vehicles (AGVs)
 Hand, platform and pallet trucks.
 Order pickers.
 Pallet jacks.
 Side-loaders.
 Walking stackers