NPTEL Online Certification Course
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
Sub: Steam and Gas Power Systems
Instructor: Prof. Ravi
Assignment-5 Solution
1. In a pressure compounded impulse steam turbine, the
(a) pressure drops in each stage
(b) pressure drops at inlet only
(c) velocity rises in each stage
(d) velocity rises in first stage only
2. The impulse turbine rotor efficiency will have a maximum value of cos2α, where α is the
nozzle exit flow angle, if the
(a) blade velocity coefficient is unity
(b) blades are equiangular
(c) blades are equiangular and frictionless
(d) blade solidity is 0.65
Linked question 3-6
In a stage of an impulse turbine provided with a single row wheel, the mean diameter of the
blade ring is 65 cm and the speed of rotation is 2300 rpm. The steam issues from the nozzles
with a velocity of 210 m/s and the nozzle angle is 18 o. The rotor blades are equiangular and
due to friction in the blade channels the relative velocity of steam at outlet from the blades
is 0.81 times the relative velocity of the steam entering the blades. Take axial thrust on blades
as 102 N.
πdN
Vb =
60
π x65 x2300
Vb =
60
π x0.65 x2300
Vb =
60
Vb = 78.27 𝑚/𝑠
V1 sin18° 210 × sin18°
tanβ1 = =
(V1 cos20° − u) (210 × cos18° − 78.27)
β1 = 28.22=β2
V1 sin20° = Vr1 sin28.22°
Vr1 = 137.23 𝑚/𝑠
Vr2 = 0.81 х 137.23
Vr2 = 111.16 𝑚/𝑠
Vf2 = Vr2 𝑠𝑖𝑛β2 = 52.56 m/s
Axial thrust (T) = ṁ(Vr1 sin28.22° − Vr2 sin28.22°)
102 = ṁ(Vr1 sin28.22° − Vr2 sin28.22°)
ṁ =8.27 kg/s
ΔV𝑤 = 𝑉𝑟1 𝑐𝑜𝑠β2 (1 + 𝐾)
ΔV𝑤 = 137.23 cos 28.22 (1 + 0.81)
ΔV𝑤 = 218.86 𝑚/𝑠
Tangential force= ΔV𝑤 × ṁ = 218.86 × 8.27
Tangential force =1809.97 N
3. Blade angle at inlet, degrees
(a) 25.36
(b) 28.22
(c) 30.78
(d) 33.30
4. Relative velocity of steam at outlet, m/s
(a) 123.6
(b) 110.6
(c) 136.6
(d) 149.6
5. Flow velocity at outlet, m/s
(a) 47.5
(b) 58.5
(c) 41.5
(d) 53.5
6. Power developed, kW
(a) 165.2
(b) 170.2
(c) 175.2
(d) 160.2
7. A steam turbine, in which a part of the steam after partial expansion, is used for process
heating and the remaining steam is further expanded for power generation, is known
(a) pass out turbine
(b) low pressure turbine
(c) back pressure turbine
(d) impulse turbine
8. In case of impulse steam turbine
(a) there is enthalpy drop in moving blades
(b) there is enthalpy drop in fixed and moving blades
(c) there is enthalpy drop only in nozzles
(d) none of these
9. The diagram efficiency of a steam turbine is the ratio of
(a) energy supplied to the blades per kg of steam to the total energy supplied per stage
per kg of steam
(b) work done on the blades to the energy supplied to the blades
(c) work done on the blades per kg of steam to the total energy supplied per stage per
kg of steam
(d) none of the above
10. The compounding of turbines is done in order to
(a) improve efficiency
(b) reduce exit losses
(c) reduce speed of rotor
(d) all of these
Linked question 11-14
Steam issues from the nozzles of a De Laval turbine with a velocity of 1200 m/s. The nozzle
angle is 20o, the blade velocity is 400 m/s, and the inlet and outlet angles of blades are
equal. The mass of steam flowing through turbine per hour is 900 kg.
Given data
V1 =1200 m/s; α1 =20o; β1= β2; ṁ=900 kg/hr
11 Blade angle, degree
V1 sin20° 1200 × sin20°
tanβ1 = =
(V1 cos20° − u) (1200 × cos20° − 400)
β1 = 29.43° = β2
12 Relative velocity of steam at inlet, m/s
𝑉𝑟1 = √(V1 cos20° − u)2 + (V1 sin20°)2
𝑉𝑟1 = √(1200𝑐𝑜𝑠20° − 400)2 + (1200𝑠𝑖𝑛20°)2
𝑉𝑟1 = 835.396 𝑚/𝑠
𝑉𝑟2 = 0.8 × 𝑐𝑟1
𝑉𝑟2 = 0.8 × 835.396 = 668.31 𝑚/𝑠
ΔV𝑤 = 𝑉𝑟1 𝑐𝑜𝑠β2 (1 + 𝐾)
ΔV𝑤 = 835.396 cos 29.43 (1 + 0.8)
ΔV𝑤 = 1309.66 𝑚/𝑠
13 Power developed, kW
900
Tangential force= ΔV𝑤 × ṁ = 1309.66 × 3600
Tangential force =327.417 N
Power = Tangential force ×u
Power developed = 327.417 × 400 = 130.9 kW
14 Diagram efficiency, %
2×𝑢×𝑉𝑤 2×400×1309.66
Diagram efficiency = 2 =
𝑉1 12002
Diagram efficiency = 72.75%
11 Blade angle, degree
(a) 20
(b) 25
(c) 30
(d) 35
12 Relative velocity of steam at inlet, m/s
(a) 835
(b) 855
(c) 875
(d) 895
13 Power developed, kW
(a) 151
(b) 121
(c) 141
(d) 131
14 Diagram efficiency, %
(a) 70
(b) 73
(c) 76
(d) 79
15 A single stage impulse turbine with a diameter of 1.2 m runs at 3500 r.p.m. If the
blade speed ratio is 0.45, then the inlet velocity of steam will be
πdN π × 1.2 × 3500
Vb = = = 219.91
60 60
Vb
0.45 =
V1
V1 = 488.68 𝑚/𝑠
(a) 220 m/s
(b) 92 m/s
(c) 488 m/s
(d) 650 m/s
