37 Present simple (1) es TTive in Los Angeles but my mother lives in the Mojave desert. She prefers the countryside. We You/They live in So Paulo, He/She/it lives in the countryside. We add -s or -¢s to the verb after he/she/it: §0-+ goes, teach -* teaches, wash + washes, relax — relaxes Sometimes the spelling changes: carry —+ carries, fly > flies NEGATIVE ‘SHORT FORMS INWelYoulThey donot 4 bigcites. 1/Wel You They don’t live He/Shefit does not the countryside. He/She/It doesn’t live A. After he/shetit, we use doesn't X He-donttlikecities: / He doesn’t like cities, Spelling rules for he, she, it forms > page 316 Pronunciation > 1.12 2 Use ‘We use the present simple ! for facts that are always true: Water boils at 100°C and freezes at 0°C. The Sun doesn’t go round the Earth. Some trees don’t lose their leaves in winter. for things that we don’t expect to change: I don't live in the country; I live in the city. My sister doesn’t work in an office; she works in a hospital. for feelings (e.g. feel, hate, like, love, prefer, want) My grandfather likes the countryside. He doesn’t like the city. I prefer ballet to opera. * for thoughts and ideas (e.g. agree, believe, know, mean, remember, think, understand): ‘think New York is exciting.’ ‘Yes, agree.’ A red light means ‘Stop’. You don’t understand. Verbs that don't use the continuous form > Unit 41.2 90Practice use the spelling rules to help you complete these exercises. > page 316 1 Write the he/she /it form of these verbs below. +s +25 (y+-ies earey enjoy fly 90 hurry know live relax take ‘ry wash watch carries 2 Complete the sentences about famous people. Use the verbs in brackets () and short forms. Listen and check. © The actor Colin Farrell is Irish but he ......does’#.work..... in Ireland; he works in Hollywood. (not work, work) 1 Film star Alicia Silverstone meat; she’s a vegetarian. (not eat) 2 Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie in Hollywood but they there. (work, not live) 3. Phil Collins is a famous musician but he painting and acting. (prefer) 4 The actor Russell Crowe also and the guitar in an Australian band. (sing, play) 5. Nicole Kidman fruit but she strawberries. (love, not eat) 6 Catherine Zeta-Jones chocolate or sweets. (not like) 7 Antonio Banderas from Spain but he films in Europe these days. (come, not make) 8 Businessman Bill Gates is a very rich man but he his children a lot of money. (not give) 3 Read about Carmen Salandras. Complete the text with the correct verb forms. isten and check. My name is Carmen Salandras. I come from Puerto Rico but I don't live there now. I live in Florida. I work. at a big hospital in Miami. I's a fantastic job and I love it, Like a lot of people in Flarida, I speak English and Spanish. I'm married and my husband's name is Juan Antonio. We dan‘t live near the beack, we live in an apartment in the centre of the city, In. my free time, I enjay cooking — I try to cook healthy food for my family. se cl ie tnt A lel et Carmen Salandras (0) ....¢9m¢¢..... ftom Puerto Rico but she (1) there now. She (2) in Florida. She (3) at a big hospital in Miami. She ) her job. Carmen (5) English and Spanish. She is married and her husband's name is Juan Antonio. They (6) near the beach, they live in an apartment in the centre of the city. In her free time, Carmen (7) cooking and she (8) to cook healthy food for her family. ES °:Do you come to the studio every day? Yes, Ido. We usually start at eight o'clock, 1 Form Yes/No QUESTIONS SHORT ANSWERS Do IIme/yOUItHEY ok payay YES llelyoulthey do. No, sIwelyoulthey do not (don't Does he/she Yes he/shelit does. No, he/shelit does not doesn't Wh- Questions When What time get up? ear do Iwelyoulthey Set ue What does he/shelit don Sundays? A. We don’t add -s to the main verb in questions and negatives. X Wheredoes-he-works? Where does he work? 2 Use We use the present simple for things that happen regularly David goes to work by bus. The bus stops outside his house. ‘Do you drink a lot of coffee?’ ‘Yes, I do, but my parents only drink tea.’ When we talk about when or how often we do regular activities we can use ® time expressions (e.g. every dayfevening/weekend, at the weekend, on Mondays/Sundays, once a week/month/year): Do you come here every day? go on holiday once a year. A Look at the word order: Y On Sundays, we go to our grandparents’ house for lunch. ¥ We go to our grandparents’ house for lunch on Sundays. We go-on-Suiidays-to-our grandparents” howse-for lurch: «adverbs of frequency (e.g. never, often, always). We usually put these BEFORE the verb: We usually start at eight o'clock ‘Do you drive to work?" ‘No, we always take public transport. We never drive.’ AV With the verb be we put the adverb AFTER the verb: X Sheoftenistate. / She's often late. Adverbs and word order > Unit 28 Pronunciation > 1.131 Practice Choose the correct words in italics in the text. yaa (0) getup always /(aoays get upat seven o'clock. My husband (1) work / works in a restaurant so he (2) get up / gets up much later. 1(@) don't eat | doesn't eat breakfast, I just drink a cup of coffee. I drive to the office and I (4 usually am 1 am usually at my desk by nine oclock. When Iartive,1() check / checks my email messages. | After that, my assistant and I (6) visit / visits one of our j 5 buildings and (7) talks / talk to the builders. Then we Alexandra Wilson (8) go / goes for lunch. We (9) doesn't eat / don't eat very much, just is an architect in salad ora sandwich. In the afternoon I work at the Sydney, Australia. computerand my clients often (10) calls call me on the phone. 1 (11) finishes / finish work at six. In the evenings Iike to relax) She tells us about by watching TV—I (12) work never | never work at home. But my a typical day inher husband (13) doesnt finish | don't finish before ten o'clock. So we busy life (14) dont see | doesn't see each other very much! m som mts een en nacelle tar canine oll tail 2 (GEMENIESS Complete the conversation with the correct words from the box. Listen and check. ‘A Do you (0) ...wateh..... TV during the day? Hwee B No, I(1) ; I work during the day. don't ike likes never ‘A. What about the evenings? Do you watch TV then? Sometimes _ wate B Yes, 1(2) A. What programmes (3) you like? BI) films and comedy shows best. But I (5) watch the news ~ it’s boring. A 6 you watch TV on your own or with members of your family? B Well, 1(7) watch TV with my sister, but not very often. She 8) dramas and music programmes. AQ) she watch the news? 3 Use the verbs below to write questions. Then write true answers. B No, she (10) 5 BD Listen and check. 0 what time / you / get up What. time. do, you get up? usually get up.at. 7.30. 00 you / work / in an office De, you work. in.an. office? No, Lint. student. 1 what / you / have / for breakfast 2. how often / you / watch TV 3. you / visit / friends / at the weekend 4 your family / go to the beach / in summer 5. you / often / go to bed / late 6 how often / your best friend / phone you nore practice 9339 Present continuous (1) You're making a terrible noise. ‘We're practising for the show! 1 Form We form the present continuous with am, is or are + the -ing form of the main verb e.g. watching, going, eating. POSITIVE =o _— SHORT FORM = 1 am watching TV._ I'm watching TV. He/She/it is leaving. He's/She's/It’s leaving. WelYou/They are practising. You're/We're/ Theyre practising. NEGATIVE = SHORT FORM = 1 amnot I'm not He isn’t/He’s not He/She/it isnot watching TV. Sheisn’t/She'snot watching TV. inisn’t/it’s not We/You/They are not You aren’t/You're not Sometimes the spelling of the main verb changes, eg: take + taking lie + lying swim —+ swimming Spelling rules for -ing forms > page 316 OB Pronunciation > 1.14 N Use ‘We use the present continuous # to describe something that is happening while we are speakin; Hurry up. The taxi’s waiting outside right now. Can you help me? I’m looking for the post office. James can’t come to the door — he’s having a bath. to talk about something that is happening around now, for a limited period of time: I’m using my brother's computer today because mine isn’t working. We're on holiday this week. We're staying in a hotel near the beach. We often use time expressions (e.g. (right) now, at the moment, today, this week): This year we're studying the history of the theatre.Practice use the spelling rules to help you complete these exercises. > page 316 ‘1 Write the continuous form of these verbs below. +-ing double consonant + -ing | (-e) + -ing Wie happen living td cee stop. swim take use visit wait 2. What are they doing? Complete the sentences about the people in the pictures. Use verbs from Exercise 1. SBEEH Listen and check. 0 Susy ..5.ramuring. inthe 1 They inthe 2 Jenny a cake. park, 3 The children... ose 5 They on the sofa. river. a bus. 3 Complete the sentences. Use forms of the phrases in the box, (UEEES Listen and check. play in the garden not have a lunch break eat in a restaurant today wear a pullover _havea-shewer Rot go to work today computer not work taxi wait outside not dance at the moment 0 Fernando can’t come to the phone because he <{. having. 4. shower. 1 It’s cold today so I 2 Jane's cooker isn’t working so she 3. The weather is nice today so the children. 4 Dave can’t send you an email because his 5 Carla has hurt her leg so she 6 Hurry up! It’s time to leave. The 7 We have a lot of work in the office today so we 8 It'sa bank holiday so most people 9540 lacie (els e2) 1 Form Yes/No QUESTIONS ‘SHORT ANSWERS am | Yes, lam. No, I'm not. Is he/shelit sitting here? Yes, he/she/it i, No, he/she/it isn't Are we/you/they Yes, welyou/they are. No, welyou/they aren't. Wh- QUESTIONS What am | doing? Where is he/she/it going? Why are welyou/they running’ In questions, we put am/is/are before the subject of the sentence. We put the -ing form after the subject: What are you studying this term? Is she listening to the radio? X Arewaiting you formed X Waiting are_yow forme? ¥ Are you waiting for me? We don’t usually repeat the main verb when we answer questions X ¥es-heisphoning. J Yes, he is |s that man phoning the police? Ay pessre phoning. 7 No, he lon't We don’t use the short form of the verb in short answers with yes > X ¥es-she’s Is she sleeping? 7, ene (That’san interesting) | Pantin. Is het woman writing something? 2 Use We often use the present continuous to talk about what is happening in pictures and photos reading a letter What are they doing? 1/_ They're watching a film. V (No, she isn’t.Practice use the spelling rules to help you complete these exercises. > page 316 1 a GAMMA complete the text. Use the present continuous forms of the verbs in brackets (). Listen and check. It’s a lovely summer afternoon in the park. Robert and Mick (0)......are.playing..... (play) football, Miranda (1) (listen) to some music and Carlos OQ) cere (run). My friends Isabel and Rashid (3) J. (have) a picnic ~ Isabel (4) (cat) a sandwich and Rashid ©) (drink) a cola. Over there I can see my neighbours, Mr and Mrs Berenson - they (6) (take) their dog for a walk. b Now put the correct names by the letters in the picture. 2. Complete these questions and answers about the picture in Exercise 1. 0 ccdfcsmnee Miranda , listening... to music? Yes, she ..... 1 Robert and Mick tennis? No, they 2 Carlos 2No, he walking, he’s 3. What Isabel 2 She a sandwich. 4 What cos Mand Mrs Berenson. 2 They their dog for awalk. 5 Rashid a burger? No, he 3 Write the questions and short answers. & 0 it /rain / today? / No, .Js.i¢, raining today?.No,.it. bone, 1 you / do / your homework? / Yes, Steven / cook lunch? / No, the / children watch TV? Yes, we / wait / for somebody? / No, Elizabeth / stay / with her grandparents / this week? / Yes, ween 4 write true answers. 0 What are you doing at the moment? is, doing. my. homework. 1 What are you studying this year? 2 Where are you sitting right now? 3. What are you looking at? EE ©41 Present simple or present continuous? 1 Use PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS a to talk about things we do regularly: to talk about things that are happening at the time we are speaking: Carla dances for the Euro Right now, Carla's dancing in Swan Lake. Ballet Company every evening, with time expressions: with time expressions: usually, often, every day, once a month right now, at the moment PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS a to talk about permanent situations: to talk about temporary situations: This summer rm working in Australia work for the Euro Ballet Company in London, no time expressions with time expressions: today, this week, at the moment Verbs that don’t use the continuous form Bx We don’t normally use the continuous with these verbs: @ feeling verbs (like, love, hate, prefer, need, want): X baintikingontsie: ¥ Tike music. # thinking verbs (agree, believe, forget, know, mean, remember, think, understand): XK My brother is agrecing-sith-sne: ¥ My brother agrees with me. ‘* sense verbs (hear, see, smell, taste): A ee ¥ That coffee smells delicious! © the verbs be, belong, contain, cost, own: That bag isn’t belonging terme, ¥ That bag doesn’t belong to me. ‘The verb think has a different meaning in the present simple and the present continuous: What do you think of the show? (= What is your opinion?) What are you thinking about? (= Tell me your thoughts now.) 98Practice Match the two parts of the sentences. 0 Davina’s computer isn’t working so 1 Caroline misses her family so 2 Lucy likes to be clean so she's staying at home today. 3. I’m afraid Maria can’t speak to you she’s sending her emails from an right now; Internet café 4 Melissa isn’t in the office today; she’s having a bath. 5. As part of Anne's job she’s visiting some clients. 6 When Judy goes to the sea she sends them emails every day. 7 Stephanie has a headache so she has a bath every day. ten and check. she visits clients once a week she stays with her grandparents. vos Omen Choose the correct words in italics in the text. Complete the conversation. Use forms of the words in brackets () and short forms. Listen and check. CLARA Hi, Josie, How are things? JOsIE Busy. We moved into our new flat last week. CLARA. That's great. Where is it? Josie (0) .De.you.remember,, (you remember) the garage on Old Street? It’s next to that. CLARA Oh, yes. I(1) i (know) that place. It’s quite old, isn’t it? Josie Yes. So we're in the middle of painting it at the moment. CLARA (2) (you use) professional painters? Josie No, they (3) sous: (COSt) too much. We (4) . (do) it all ourselves. It's very hard work! LARA Well, 1 (5) (not do) much at the moment. Would you like me to help? Jost: That's kind of you but we (6) (not need) any help really. CLARA OK, How's your little baby? Josie Oh, she (7)... (be) fine. My mother 8) (look after) her today. Sa actice 99