Class Number 1

Present Simple tense

Affirmative Question Negative

I work Do I work? I do not work
You work Do you work? You do not work
He / she / it works Does he / she / it work? He / she / it does not work
We work Do we work? We do not work
They work Do they work? They do not work

Present Simple – Spelling of Third Person Singular Forms

Most verbs add -s to infinitive work  works

Sit  sits
Stay  stays

Verbs ending in consonant + y: cry  cries

Change y to I and add –es hurry  hurries
Reply  replies

Verbs ending in -s, - z, -ch , -sh, or – x miss  misses

Add -es to infinitive watch  watches
Push  pushes

Exceptions: have  has

Go  goes
Do  does

Facts or Permanent Situation

Present simple Present continuous

Cows eat grass Cows are eating grass
Water freezes at 0C Water is freezing at 0C
Peter works in an office Peter is working in an office
 Things that happen regularly, repeatedly or all the time

Present Simple – Correct Form Present Simple – Wrong Form

I play football every week I am playing football every week
Do you go to church every Sunday? Are you going to church every Sunday?
My father washes his car once a month My father is washing his car once a month

EXECPTION: Temporary situations

To describe temporary situations and things happening right now, we usually use the present
continuous (progressive) tense:

“where are you going?” (now – we use present continuous)

“I am going out to a restaurant” (now – we use present continuous)
“I am driving my car to the restaurant” (now – we use present continuous)
“The waitress is taking my order” (now – we use present continuous)
“I am tasting the wine” (now – we use present continuous)

BUT, there are a few exceptions:

“I like this wine” (now – BUT we use the present simple)

“I am liking this wine” (X)

Therefore, there are a few verbs which are never (or very rarely) used in the continuous form.
They are only used in the simple form.

List of common verbs that are ONLY used in the SIMPLE form:

Believe Love See

Doubt Hate Suppose
Feel Prefer Think
Imagine Realize Understand
Know Recognize Want
Like Remember wish

This chocolate cake is nice, I want another piece please.

This chocolate cake is nice, I am wanting another piece please. (X)

I love it (PRESENT simple)

I am loving it (X)

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 Present Simple Exercises

Put the verbs in brackets in the correct present simple form

1. I__________(wash/washes) my hair every evening.

2. You__________(run?runs) 3 miles before work.
3. David__________(take/takes/taking) the train to go to work.
4. We__________(has/have/had) 2 cars.
5. My parents often__________(help/helps/helping) me with my homework.
6. Her baby__________(cry/crys/cries) all the time.

Put the following sentences in their NEGATIVE form

1. I wash my hair every evening

___________________________________________________________

2. You run 3 miles before work.

___________________________________________________________

3. David takes the train to go to work.

___________________________________________________________

4. We have 2 cars.
___________________________________________________________

5. My parents often help me with my homework.

___________________________________________________________

6. Hey baby cries all the time.

___________________________________________________________

Put the following sentences in their QUESTION form

1. I wash my hair every evening.

___________________________________________________________
2. You run 3 miles before work.
___________________________________________________________
3. David takes the train to go to work.
___________________________________________________________
4. We have 2 cars.
___________________________________________________________

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 5. My parents often help me with my homework.
___________________________________________________________
6. Hey baby cries all the time.
___________________________________________________________

Which of the following sentences are correct?

- Dogs move faster than snails. (__)

- Dogs are moving faster than snails. (__)

- Water is boiling at 100C. (__)

- Water boils at 100C. (__)

- She is smiling at the man because she likes him. (__)

- She is smiling at the man because she is liking him. (__)

- My children are watching television every evening. (__)

- My children watch television very evening. (__)

- What do they do after watching television?

o They do their homework. (__)
o They are doing their homework. (__)

- Look, there is Paul! Where is he going?

o He is going to the cinema. (__)
o He is going to the cinema. (__)

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Class Number 2

Present Continuous – Form

Verb “to be” -ing form

I am working
You are working
He / she / it is working
We are working
They are working

Affirmative Question Negative

I am working am I working? I am not working

You are working Are you working? You are not working
He / she / it is working Is he / she / it working? He / she / it is not working
We are working Are we working? We are not working
They are working Are they working? They are not working

Temporary actions / actions in progress / happening now

What are you doing? You look sad. Why are you The dog is in the garden.
- I am making a crying? He is chasing the cat.
sandwich You look sad. Why do you The dog is in the garden.
- I make a sandwich cry? (X) He chases the cat. (X)
(X)

Progressive change / actions that are evolving

I need to go on a diet. I am getting fatter.

I need to go on a diet. I get fatter. (X)

The climate is getting warmer.

The climate gets warmer(X)

The price of gold is increasing

The price of gold increases. (X)

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Future plans and arrangements

What are you doing tonight?

What do you do tonight? (X)

I am going to Italy next week.

I go to Italy next week. (X)

What bar are we going to for drinks tomorrow?

What bar do we go to for drinks tomorrow? (X)

Physical feelings

Present continuous Present Simple

How are you feeling? how do you feel?

My tooth is hurting. My tooth hurts.
My head is aching. My head aches.

EXERCISE:

Fill the gaps to make the correct present continuous form

1. I ____ ________ (go) shopping to buy clothes.

2. You____ ________ (drink) too much.

3. David ____ ________ (eat) all the chocolate cake.

4. We ____ ________ (get) married next week.

5. My parents ____ ________ (talk) with the neighbor.

6. The cat ____ ________ (sleep) in his basket.

Fill the gaps to make questions using the present continuous tense

1. ___ I ________ (wear) a warm coat?

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 2. ___ you _______ (listen) to the teacher?

3. ___ the Prime Minister _______ (make) the right decision?

4. ___ we________ (sell) a lot of newspapers today?

5. ___my parents ________ (come) to the theatre with us?

6. ___ I ________ (study) enough for my exams?

Fill in the gaps to make the correct present continuous NEGATIVE form

1. I ___ ____ ________ (snore) loudly.

2. You ___ ____ ________ (carry) a lot of bags.
3. David ___ ____ ________ (work) hard enough today.
4. We ___ ____ ________ (go) to the cinema this evening.
5. My parents ___ ____ ________ (argue)
6. I ___ ____ ________ (win) the game.

Which of the following sentences are correct based on the context?

Do you go to the concert next week? (__)

Are you going to the concert next week? (__)

My legs hurts. (__)

My leg is hurting. (__)

Mark is upstairs. He is playing with his toys. (__)

Mark is upstairs. He plays with his toys. (__)

I like sport. I play football every week. (__)

I like sport. I am playing football every week. (__)

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Class Number 3

Present Simple: Frequency Adverbs

What are Adverbs?

 Na adverb is a word that modifies a verb
 The adverb gives more information about the verb

EXAMPLE:
1. Without an adverb: Jane is Walking.
2. With an adverb: Jane is walking quickly.
___________________________________________________________________________
“quickly” gives us more information about the action.
“quickly” modifies the verb “walk”
___________________________________________________________________________
What are adverbs of frequency?

Mark plays tennis. (habit – in present simple)

Mark sometimes plays tennis.

“sometimes” is na adverb of frequency

Na adverb of frequency is na adverb of time.
it describes the frequency of na action.
___________________________________________________________________________
 The adverbs of indefinite frequency
 The adverbs od definite frequency
 The position of adverbs of frequency in the sentence
___________________________________________________________________________

Adverbs of Indefinite Frequency

 Adverbs of indefinite frequency give a general indication of the frequency

Level of Frequency Adverb Example

Maximum (100%) always I always play football
90% Frequently I frequently play football
80% Usually I usually play football
70% often I often play football
Neutral (50%) Sometimes I sometimes play football
40% occasionally I occasionally play football

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 20% seldom I seldom play football
10% Rarely,hardly ever I hardly ever play football
Minimum (0%) never I never play football

 Negative Meaning:
 Seldom
 Rarely, hardly ever
 Never
___________________________________________________________________________
1. Position of adverbs of indefinite frequency
All the adverbs of indefinite frequency can go before the main verb:
 I always play football.
 Jane seldom drinks alcohol.
 I have never met the Queen. (here the verb HAVE is and auxiliar verb, the main
ver is to met)
If the main verb is the verb “to be”, the adverb of indefinite frequency is after the verb “to be”.
 Mark is often late.
__________________________________________________________________________
“Occasionally”, “sometimes”, “often”, “frequently” and “usually” can also go at the beginning or
end of a sentence:

 Sometimes I play football.

 Mark watches television occasionally.
“Rarely” can go at the end of a sentence (often with “very”)
 We go to London very rarely.

Adverbs of Definite Frequency

 Adverbs of definite frequency describe the exact frequency of na action.

Example:
1. I play football three times a month.
2. I go to school five times a week.

NUMBER + “TIMES” + “A” + PERIOD OF TIME

If the number of times is one, then we say “once” (not “one time”)
1. I wash my car once a month.
If the number of times is two, then we say “twice” (not “two times”)

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 1. I go to London twice a year.
___________________________________________________________________________
More Examples:
 Jane calls her mother every day.
 Mark goes to the beach every weekend.

“every” + period of time

(The period of time is in the singular form.)

Period of time...
 Day
 Week
 Month
 Year
 Morning
 Evening
 Night
 Weekend
 Fortnight (every 2 weeks)
___________________________________________________________________________
More Examples:
 Jonh watches football on Saturdays.
 My parents go to the cinema on Wednesdays.

“on” + day of the week

(The day of the week is in the plural form.)

More Examples:
 Hourly
 Daily - Marks calls his wife daily.
 Weekly
 Monthly - My boss pays me monthly.
 Yearly
Position:
 These adverbs go at the end of the sentence.
 After the verb and after the object if there is na object.
___________________________________________________________________________

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Asking a question about frequency

“how aften” + question form of verb

How often do you play football? (Present Simple)

How often does Mark wash his car? (Present Simple)
When you lived in London, how often did it rain? (Past simple)
How often will you write to me? (Future simple)

___________________________________________________________________________

EXERCISE

Write na answer to these questions using “every” + time period

1) How often do you wash your hair?

2) How often does your best friend call you?

Write answers to these questions using the following form:

NUMBER + “TIMES” + “A” + PERIOD OF TIME

3) How often do you go to the cinema?

4) How often do you brush your teeth?

Complete the sentences using na adverb of indefinite frequency:

1) Dvid Beckham frequently travels to America. Do you frequently travel to America also?
No I _______________ travel to America.
2) Lionel Messi _____________ scores goals.
3) My English teacher ____________ gives me homework.

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