CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter presents the related literature and studies both from local and foreign sources. Those

that were included in this chapter helps in familiarizing the information that are relevant and

similar to the present study. This also includes the synthesis of the art, gap bridged study and the

theoretical framework terms are defined conceptually and operationally for clarity.

Related Literature

Local

According to (Olaya 2015), there are four curriculum exits namely Jobs, Business,

College and Tech-voc Training. With the help of the K-12 Program people who choose to work

immediately will be given a better environment because they will set standard requirements to

ensure graduates are well-informed enough to get into the job. People who want to go to college

are assured that they have the knowledge, skills and skills required to attend college. Tech-Voc

Training students can now apply for the TESDA Certificate of Competencies (COCs) and

National Certificates (NCs) to get better jobs. And business people can start their own business

after the Entrepreneurship Courses are incorporated into the curriculum.

The purpose of K to 12 education system is to improve Filipino students' skills in

mathematics, science, and linguistics to further exhibit competence in the global job market.

With the additional 2 years in high school, students will be given more time to master

competencies and skills through the specialized upper secondary education. With the new
curriculum, the Department of Education promises to offer higher quality education through the

strands. The 2 years addition in high school serves as an training ground for the students and

actually the most critical stage for them. It also helps for the students to decide on their career

paths that they will take later on.

Based on (Dayao, Almario, 2018) study, the choice of a college course and which

school to enter in college is one of the major decisions faced by graduating Senior High School

students which is an important element of their learning process. The course and school selection

decision will most likely define their future success. The provision of a more intensive internal

marketing program is suggested. Likewise, a study on the impact of programs and services and

their influence on career and school selection decisions may be conducted to determine which

program or service made available to senior high students singly or in combination are

determinants of their retention.

When we start thinking about future professions and career choices, we think about

several factors. The most important things are job description, required skills and education,

salary, career outlook. But there are many other meaningful factors that can influence

someone’s career choice. It’s important to take them into account when you have to make a

decision about your future work. You need to make the right choice, weigh the pros and cons and

it will help you to find your perfect career. (Essay 4 Today Blog, 2017)

In choosing career, one must know their skills and hobbies to develop their

knowledge about the profession the students are aiming of. It is very easy to turn your hobbies or

something you love doing into a future career. Many hobbies correspond to real world needs and
positions. Consider what you like to do and how that might fit into a career. Remain humble as

you work toward your goal. You may want to work part-time as you get referrals and experience

in your desired career. These things will help the students upon choosing their career choices.

According to (Penedilla, Rosaldo, 2017), the important factor of students’ decision-

making process is the neuropsychological framework about Executive function and self-

regulation skills which are the mental processes that enable the people to plan, focus attention,

remember instructions, and juggle multiple tasks successful. The brain needs the set of skill to

filter distractions, prioritize tasks, set and achieve goals, and control impulses.

In choosing a career, suitability to the interest of the students is given importance.

Students must know on what degree to pursue in college, one that interest them and must also fit

their abilities so that it will not be hard for them to choose the right career path. The kind of

career a person has an affect his or her life in a great number of ways, especially in terms on the

way they think. The students must process their choices in their minds first so that the regrets

will lessen. The career also affects the way other people act toward you. By making a wise career

decision can help one’s self build the life they want.

Study

Career in decision may be the main reason why people go to counsellors to seek

advices. Efforts have been exerted to identify and investigate the causes’ of clients’ career-

decision making difficulties. The use of career indecision assessments can promote the

effectiveness and benefits of face to face counseling with the purpose of helping them in career-

decision making. Individuals differ in terms of the hardships they encounter when making a
decision. Difficulties attributed to an internal or emotional cause were defined more severe that

difficulties allocated to an external or cognitive cause. (Jae Cabulang, Azell Cayabyab, 2016)

Students must seek for advices from professionals for proper guidance upon

choosing the right career path that is suited for them, especially for those students who is having

a hard time and confused about what career they will take on. These advices will help them upon

deciding their career based on their personalities.

Students’ career success can be best attained if they have chosen the right course

suited to their personality, ability and intellect serves as their guide in choosing the course they

are to take in college. Experiencing the career suited to students by integrating career plan with

the curriculum help students make good decisions in what course to take in college. Although

elective courses are available to help students make decisions in course they are to take in

college, it is also important to help students understand the important factors they have to

consider in choosing a course like the economical importance of the course they would want to

take at present and in the future. (Pascuala, 2013)

In order for the students to attain a successful career, they must choose a path that

suits them in terms of their overall personality. Their perception indicates on the factors based on

that affects their career preferences. With that, it will pave their chosen path to the future they

will bring.