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Tutorial Sheet For Initial Sizing

This document provides information needed to perform initial sizing calculations for a Boeing 787-8 aircraft, including: 1) A mission profile with 7 segments and calculations needed for fuel fraction and empty weight fraction. 2) General data including maximum landing weight, wing area, reserve fuel fraction, crew weight, operational items weight, and payload weight. 3) Raymer's method should be used to calculate initial sizing values that will be compared to values obtained from a commercial software to determine percentage errors and reasons for differences.

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Saurabh Yadav
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115 views2 pages

Tutorial Sheet For Initial Sizing

This document provides information needed to perform initial sizing calculations for a Boeing 787-8 aircraft, including: 1) A mission profile with 7 segments and calculations needed for fuel fraction and empty weight fraction. 2) General data including maximum landing weight, wing area, reserve fuel fraction, crew weight, operational items weight, and payload weight. 3) Raymer's method should be used to calculate initial sizing values that will be compared to values obtained from a commercial software to determine percentage errors and reasons for differences.

Uploaded by

Saurabh Yadav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Initial Sizing for a Twin-Turboprop Long Range Transport Aircraft

(Boeing 787-8 Dreamliner)

This exercise aims at carrying out the initial sizing for a transport aircraft (Boeing 787-8), i.e.,
determination of the design gross weight of the aircraft. First, you should estimate the fuel fraction
for a specified mission profile, and then estimate its empty weight fraction. Finally, estimate the
design gross weight.

MISSION PROFILE
The mission profile is shown in Fig.1.

Fig.1: Mission profile for Boeing 787-8 (Standard ISA Conditions)

Seg. # Leg # Task Wi /Wi-1 Conditions


0-1 1 Warm-up, 0.97 @ Sea Level
Taxi-out &
Take-off
1-2 2 Climb 0.985 H = Hobs to H = Hcr
2-3 3 Cruise ?? Rcr = 8000 nm, Hcr = 37000 ft, Mcr = 0.85, SFCcr
= 0.53 kg/(kg-hr), (L/D)cr = 21
3-4 4 Descent 1.00 H = Hcr to H = Hhold
4-5 5 Holding ?? Hhold = 5000 ft, thold = 0.5 hr, Mhold = 0.275
SFChold = 0.42 kg/(kg-hr)
5-6 6 Approach & 0.995 @ Sea Level
Landing
6-7 7 Diversion ?? Rdiver = 200 nm, Hdiver = 22117 ft, Mcr = 0.54,
SFCcr = 0.53 kg/(kg-hr), (L/D)diver = 19

The other data needed for this exercise is listed in Table 1 below:

Table 1: General Data


𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 = 165,561 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 Maximum Landing weight
𝑆𝑆𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 = 325.29 𝑚𝑚2 Wing area (i.e., Wing planform area)
𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 = 5 % Reserve fuel fraction (% mission fuel weight)
𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 = 1,000 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 Crew weight
𝑀𝑀𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 = 437 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 Weight of operational items
𝑀𝑀𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 = 21,337 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 Payload weight (Pax. + Baggage + Cargo)
𝐶𝐶𝐷𝐷0 = 1.277 ∙ 10−2 Parasite drag coefficient
𝐾𝐾 = 3.960 ∙ 10−2 Induced drag parameter
Please follow Raymer’s method described in the class notes.

The mission segment weight values for Boeing B787-8 aircraft for the above date were obtained
using a commercial software (PIANO), and are listed in Table 3. You fill in the calculated values in
Table 3, determine the percentage error between your calculation and these values, and mention
the likely reasons for any differences that you may observe.

Table 3: Initial sizing weight values for B787-8 obtained via PIANO

PIANO Calculated % Remarks


Symbol Segment Value Value Diff
[kg] [kg]
Warm up,
𝑀𝑀𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤 taxi-out & 1,115
take-off
𝑀𝑀𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 Climb 4,322
𝑀𝑀𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 Cruise 73,369
𝑀𝑀𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 Descent 216
𝑀𝑀ℎ𝑜𝑜 Holding 1,642
Approach
𝑀𝑀𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 119
& landing
𝑀𝑀𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 Diversion 2,286
Mission
𝑀𝑀𝑓𝑓,𝑀𝑀 83,070
fuel
Reserve
𝑀𝑀𝑓𝑓,𝑅𝑅 3912
fuel
𝑀𝑀𝑓𝑓 Total fuel 86,981
Design
𝑀𝑀0 gross 216,817
weight

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