INDIAN TYRE INDUSTRIES &

THE ROLE OF JK TYRE

PREPARED BY

RAVINDER SINGH KHANGAROT

( 2017BTECHME011 )

FACULTY GUIDE

Prof. MOHD ZUBAIR

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Institute of Engineering and Technology
JK Lakshmipat University Jaipur

JULY 2019
 INDIAN TYRE INDUSTRIES &
THE ROLE OF JK TYRE

Practice School-I
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
Bachelor of Technology in Mechanical Engineering

By:
RAVINDER SINGH KHANGAROT
( 2017BTECHME011 )

FACULTY GUIDE:
Prof. MOHD ZUBAIR

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Institute of Engineering and Technology
JK Lakshmipat University Jaipur

JULY 2019
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Practice School-I project work entitled “INDIAN TYRE
INDUSTRIES & THE ROLE OF JK TYRE” submitted by RAVINDER SINGH
KHANGAROT ( 2017BTECHME011) towards the partial fulfillment of the requirements for
the degree of Bachelor of Technology in MECHANICAL Engineering of JK Lakshmipat
University Jaipur is the record of work carried out by him under my supervision and
guidance. In my opinion, the submitted work has reached a level required for being accepted
for Practice School-I examination.

Dr. Mohd Zubair Dr. Ravi Shankar Prasad

Supervisor & Assistant Professor Associate Professor & Head,

Department of Mechanical Department of Mechanical

Engineering Engineering

Institute of Engineering & Institute of Engineering &

Technology (IET) Technology (IET)

JK Lakshmipat University Jaipur JK Lakshmipat University

Jaipur

Date of Submission

Prof.Dr. – Sanjay Goel

Director

Institute of Engineering & Technology

JK Lakshmipat University, Jaipur

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

i
I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to Mr. Prabhas Khemshera, Zonal Manager
East, Mr. Yatendra Singh, Manager Training and Mr. Kurian Thomas, Product Manager, JK
TYRE & INDUSTRIES Ltd. for giving me the opportunity that made my summer internship
program success. I would also like to thank Mr. Imran Khan, Asst. Area Manager, JK TYRE
& INDUSTRIES Ltd. & Mr. Mohd Zubair, Assistant Professor, IET, JK Lakshmipat
University for being my mentor and in-charge throughout my Summer Intern
ship Program.

I would also like to express our gratitude to the Training and Placement Department, JK
Lakshmipat University and the HR Department, JK TYRE & INDUSTRIES Ltd. for
providing me an internship opportunity.

ABSTRACT

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JK Tyre & Industries Limited is an automotive tyre, tubes and flaps manufacturing company
based in Delhi, India. JK Tyre is based in over 100 countries across all 6 continents. It is a
part of J. K. Organisation group of Companies. The capacity across all its plants is about 35
million tyres per annum.

As part of JK Tyre for practice school-I, I have learned about marketing of tyre and basic
manufacturing of tyre and now I can also read marking on tyre. I have done various activities
like product promotion, dealer visit and workshop visit. Along with this I have also learned
about Automobile & IC Engine.

List of Figures
Fig 1.1 Tyre plants in India.

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Fig 1.2 Locational map of tyre plants in India.

Fig 1.3 Total tyre production of India.

Fig 1.4 Total tyre export from India.

Fig 1.5 Global tyre segmentation.

Fig 1.6 Indian tyre segmentation.

Fig 2.1 Bias ply construction.

Fig 2.2 Radial tyre construction.

Fig 2.3 Tyre components.

Fig 2.4 Marking on tyre.

Fig 3.1 Growth journey of JK Tyre.

Fig 3.2 JK Tyre produces India’s largest off the road tyre.

Fig 3.3 JK Tyre India’s first & only tyre Superbrand.

Fig 3.4 JK Tyre ranked No. 1 in customer satisfaction by JD Power asia pacific study 2015.

Fig 3.5 JK Tyre awarded brand of the year 2015 by world branding forum, London.

Fig 3.6 JK Tyre featured in limca book of record for manufacturing India’s largest off the
road tyre.

Fig 3.7 JK Tyre awarded for TPM Consistency Award 2015.

Fig 3.8 JK Tyre research institute.

Fig 3.9 JK Tyre motor sports.

Fig 3.10 JK Tyre manufacturing location in India.

Fig 3.11 JK Tyre hospitals.

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Fig 3.12 Population control program.

Fig 3.13 , Fig 3.14 Campaign about road safety.

Fig 3.15 JK Tyre sport events.

Fig 3.16 JK Tyre strategy for future challenges.

CONTENTS

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CERTIFICATE i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii
ABSTRACT iii
LIST OF FIGURES iv - v

CHAPTER 1 ABOUT INDIAN TYRE INDUSTRY 1

1.1 OVERVIEW 1

1.2 MARKET 4

1.3 MAJOR TYRE COMPANIES IN INDIA 5

1.4 TYRE SEGMENT 6

1.5 ROLE OF INDIAN TYRE INDUSTRY IN INDIAN ECONOMY 7

CHAPTER 2 ABOUT TYRES 8

2.1 WHAT IS TYRE 8

2.2 TYPES OF TYRE 8

2.3 APPLICATION OF TYRE 10

2.4 BASIC MANUFACTURING OF TYRE 10

2.5 FUTURESTIC TYRE 15

CHAPTER 3 ROLE OF JK TYRE 17

3.1 ABOUT JK Tyre. 17

3.2 THE GROWTH JOURNEY OF JK Tyre. 17

3.3 VISION & MISSION 21

3.4 RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT FACILITIES 22

vi
3.5 MOTORSPORT 22

3.6 JK Tyre MANUFACTURING LOCATION 23

3.7 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPOMSIBLITY 23

3.8 JK Tyre STRATEGY TO MEET FUTURE CHALLENGE 25

CHAPTER 4 : CONCLUSION 26

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CHAPTER 1 : ABOUT INDIAN TYRE INDUSTRY

1.1 OVERVIEW

The origin of the Indian Tyre Industry dates back to 1926 when Dunlop Rubber Limited
setup the first tyre company in West Bengal. MRF followed suit in 1946. Since then, the
Indian tyre industry has grown rapidly.

1.1.2 Key Figures:

No. of Tyre Companies: 41

No. of Tyre Plants: 62
Industry Turnover 2017-18 (est.): Rs. 57000 crore (US$ 8.7 Bn)
Exports 2017-18 (est.): Rs. 11180 crore (US $ 1.7 Bn)

1.1.3 LOCATIONAL MAP

Fig 1.1. Tyre plants in India.

1
Fig 1.2. Locational map of tyre plants in India.

2
1.1.4 PRODUCTION & EXPORT TREND

Fig 1.3. Total tyre production in India.

Fig 1.4. Total tyre export from India.

1.2 MARKET

3
Indian tyre industry has almost doubled from ~Rs 30,000 crores in 2010-11 to ~Rs 59,500
crores in 2017-18 of which 90-95% came from the domestic markets. The top
three companies – MRF, ApolloTyres and JK Tyres have ~60% of the market share in terms
of revenue.

1.2.1 GLOBAL Vs INDIAN TYRE SEGMENTATION

Fig 1.5. Global tyre segmentation

Fig 1.6. Indian tyre

segmentation

1.3 MAJOR TYRE

COMPANIES
IN INDIA :

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 JK TYRE & INDUSTRIES LTD.

 MICHELIN INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED

 MRF LTD.

 TVS SRICHAKRA LIMITED

 YOKOHAMA INDIA

 APOLLO TYRES LTD.

 BIRLA TYRES

 CEAT LTD.

 BRIDGESTONE INDIA PVT. LTD.

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  CONTINENTAL INDIA LIMITED

 GOODYEAR INDIA LTD.

1.4 TYRE SEGMENT

1. TRUCK & BUS RANGE

A. TRUCK BUS BIAS

B. TRUCK BUS RADIAL

2. NON – TRUCK TYRES

A. PCR RANGE ( PASSENGER CAR RADIAL )

CAR & SUV TYRES

B. LCV RANGE ( LIGHT COMMERCIAL VEHICLES )

- LCV BIAS – RIB

- LCV BIAS – LUG

- LCV RADIAL – RIB

- LCV RADIAL – LUG

C. SCV RANGE ( SMALL COMMERCIAL VEHICLES )

- SCV BIAS – RIB

- SCV BIAS – LUG

- SCV RADIAL – RIB

- SCV RADIAL – LUG

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 D. FARM RANGE

- TRACTOR REAR

- TRACTOR FRONT

- TRACTOR TRAILER

- ANIMAL DRIVEN VEHICLE

3. TWO & THREE WHEELER RANGER

4. OFF THE ROAD RANGE

5. MILITARY / DEFENCE RANGE

1.5 ROLE OF INDIAN TYRE INDUSTRY IN INDIAN ECONOMY

The Indian Tyre Industry is an integral part of the Auto Sector –

Indian Tyre Industry contributes to 3% of the manufacturing GDP of India.

Indian Tyre Industry contributes to 0.5% of the total GDP directly.

CHAPTER 2 : ABOUT TYRES

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2.1 WHAT IS TYRE

A tyre is a ring-shaped component that surrounds a wheel's rim to transfer a vehicle's load
from the axle through the wheel to the ground and to provide traction on the surface traveled
over.

2.2 TYPES OF TYRE

2.2.1 According to the presence or absence of tubes, tyres are classified into two types –

2.2.1.1. Tubed Tyres

2.2.1.2. Tubeless Tyres

2.2.2. Furthermore, based on the construction or skeleton of tyres –

2.2.2.1. Bias Tyres

2.2.2.2. Radial Tyres

2.2.2.1. Bias Tyres :

A bias ply trailer tyre is constructed with nylon belts of the tyre running at a 30-45 degree
angle of the tread center line.

Benefits of choosing a bias ply tyre

- Crosshatch construction provides stronger/tougher sidewalls.

- Generally Less Expensive.

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 Fig 2.1. Bias ply construction.
2.2.2.2. Radial Tyres :
A radial tyre is constructed with steel belts of the tyre running at a 90 degree
angle of the tread center line.

Benefits of choosing a radial tyre

Runs Cooler
Longer Tread Life
Wider Footprint

Fig 2..2. radial tyre construction.

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2.3. APPLICATIONS OF TYRE
Tires may be classified according to the type of vehicle they serve.

2.3.1. Light & Medium Duty

Light-duty tyres for passenger vehicles carry loads in the range of 250 to 500 kg on the drive
wheel.

 Light-to-medium duty trucks and vans carry loads in the range of 500 to 1,500 kg on the
drive wheel.

2.3.2. Heavy Duty

Heavy duty tyres for large trucks and buses come in a variety of profiles and carry loads in
the range of 1,800 to 2,500 kg on the drive wheel.

- Truck Tyres
- Off Road Tyres

2.3.3. Other

Aircraft, bicycle and a variety of industrial applications have distinct design requirements.

2.4 BASIC MANUFACTURING OF TYRE :

2.4.1. TYRE COMPONENTS :

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 Fig 2..3. Tyre components.

TREAD : The tread of a tyre or track refers to the rubber on its circumference that makes
contact with the road or the ground.

SIDE WALL : The part of the tyre between the bead and the tread, which flexes in service.

BELTS SYSTEM : The belt system's main function is to provide stability to the tyre’s tread
area, which contributes to wear, handling and traction. Steel is the most common belt
material.

TYRE CASING : The tyre casing is the body of the tyre and includes components such as
the Bead, Sidewall, Body Ply and Innerliner. Basically everything except the Tread and
Belt System.

BEAD : The part of the tyre, which is so shaped as to fit the rim and hold the tyre on to it. It
has cores made of several strands of essentially inextensible steel wire.

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2.4.2. TYRE MARKING :

Fig 2.4. Marking on tyre

1. Manufacturer of tyres.

2. Number of layers and type of carcass and belt.

3. Tyre Name.

4. Safety Warning.

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5. DOT code in compliance with requirements of the norm (USA).

6. Production date, where the first two digits indicate the week and the next two indicate the

year.

7. European Union homologation.

8. Quality classification according to UTQG (USA).

9. Homologation number.

10. Radial / Tubeless.

11. Width of tyre in millimeters and measured between the external side walls.

12. Profile in percentage. Indicates the ratio of the height to the width.

13. R - means radial construction.

16 - diameter of wheel rim

14. 91 - Load index.

V - Speed index.

15. Reinforced - We can also find markings :

XL – Extra Load
C – Commercial

16. Country of manufacture of the tyre.

17. OUTSIDE - The tyres should be fitted such that the side with the symbol is outsider.

18. MAX INFLATION - Maximum pressure allowed.

MAX LOAD - Maximum load allowed.

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2.4.3. TYRE MANUFACTURING PROCESS :

2.4.3.1. RAW MATERIALS USED IN TYRES :

Rubber / Elastomers

Carbon Black

Metal

Textile

Zinc Oxide

Sulphur

Additives

Carbon based material

2.4.3.2. MANUFACTURING PROCESS :

BANBURY MIXING :

A banbury mixer combines rubber stock, carbon black and other chemical ingredients to
create a homogeneous rubber material.

MILLING :

Shaping of rubber begins in the milling process. At the completion of the banbury mixing
cycle, rubber is placed onto a drop mill. The milling process shapes the rubber into flat, long
strips by forcing it through two set rolls rotating in different directions at different speeds.

EXTRUDING AND CALENDERING :

The calendar operation continues to shape rubber. The calendar machine consists of one or
more rolls, through which the rubber sheets are forced.

The rubber sheets coming off the calendar are wound on drums

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The extruder is often referred to as a “tuber” because it creates tube like rubber components.
The extruder functions by forcing rubber through dies of appropriate shapes.

COMPONENT ASSEMBLY AND BUILDING :

The tyre assembly machine consists of rotating drum, on which the components are assemble
and feeding device to supply tyre builder with the components to assemble.

The component of tyre include beads, plies, side walls and treads after the components are
assembled, the tyre is often referred to as a “green tyre”.

CURING AND VULCANIZING :

Curing press operators place green tyres into the curing press or onto press loading
equipment .

The press utilizes steam to heat or cure the green tyre .

Rubber curing or vulcanization transforms the tacky and pliable material to the non-tacky,
less pliable , long-lasting state.

INSPECTION AND FINISHING :

Finishing operation and inspection remains to be performed before the tyre is stored or
shipped .

Finishing operation trims flash or excess rubber from the tyre.

The excess rubber remains on the tyre from vents in the curing mould.

2.5. FUTURESTIC TYRE :

Constant improvements in rubber chemistry and tyre design are creating exciting new tyres
that offer greater mileage and improved performance in extreme weather conditions.

Tyre design engineers are also experimenting with non pneumatic tyres that can never go flat
because they don’t contain air under pressure.

One such non-pneumatic tyre is simply one slab of thick plastic attached to the wheel rim.

15
Such a tyre offer lower rolling resistance for greater fuel economy and superior handling
because of a greater area of contact between tread and road.

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CHAPTER 3 : ROLE OF JK TYRE

3.1. ABOUT JK TYRE

JK Tyre & Industries Limited is an automotive tyre, tubes and flaps manufacturing company
based in Delhi, India.

The name JK is derived from the initials of Kamlapatji (1884–1937) and his father Seth
Juggilal (1857–1922).

JK Tyre is based in over 80 countries across all 6 continents. It is a part of J. K. Organization

group of Companies.

3.2 THE GROWTH JOURNEY OF JK TYRE

Fig 3.1. Growth journey of JK Tyre.

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- Pioneer of Radial Technology in India.

- India’s No. 1 Truck/Bus Radial (TBR) manufacturer.

- Global Brands

- Ranked 24th largest tyre manufacturing company

- Leadership - No.1 position in Truck/Bus Radials

- First company in India with OE fitment of tubeless passenger radials.

- First in India to launch high performance H, V & Z passenger car radial tyres.
- First to launch Steel Belted Radial Rear Farm Tyres in India.
- First to manufacturer largest OTR tyre in India.
- First to manufacturer Truck Radial Racing Tyres for Truck Racing in India.
- JK Tyre produces India’s Largest OTR Tyre

Fig 3.2. JK Tyre produces India’s Largest OTR Tyre

Size : 40.00-57 VEM 045

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 Weight : 3700 Kg
Height : 12 feet

3.2.1.ACHIVEMENTS

Fig 3.3. JK Tyre India’s first and only Tyre Superbrand

Fig 3.4. JK Tyre Ranked No. 1 in Customer Satisfaction by JD Power Asia Pacific Study
2015

Fig 3.5. JK Tyre Awarded Brand of the Year 2015 by World Branding Forum, London

19
 Fig 3.6. JK Tyre Featured in Limca Book of Record for manufacturing India’s largest Off
The Road Tyre

3.2.2. Quality Excellence Journey :

1994 - ISO 9001

& QS -9000
1999 - ISO 14001
2001 - EFQM
Commendation
2003 - ISO 9000-2000
TS-16949
2010 - TPM
2012 - EnMs ISO-50001-KTP
TS 16949:2009 LOC CTP
2013 - OHSAS 18001:2007-CTP
ISO 14001:2004 -CTP
EnMs ISO-50001 -CTP, VTP
CII GreenCo Rating –KTP
2015 - SA 8000|:2008
ISO 27001:2013
NABL 17025:2005
ISO 14064

20
 TPM Consistency Award-VTP
GRI-4 (Sustainability Reporting )

Fig 3.7. JK Tyre Awarded for TPM Consistency Award 2015

TPM Consistency Award 2015” by Japan Institute of Plant Management (JIPM) –JK Tyre &
Industries Limited, Vikrant Tyre Plant, Mysuru.
3.3. VISION & MISSION

VISION
 To be amongst the most admired companies in India, committed to excellence

MISSION
 Be a Customer Obsessed Company - Customer First 24x7
 No.1 Tyre Brand in India
 Most profitable Tyre Company in India
 Motivated and Committed team for excellence in performance
 Be a Green Company
 Deliver Enhanced Value to all stakeholders
 Enhance global presence through Acquisition / JV / Strategic Partnerships

21
3.4. RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT FACILITIES :

Fig 3.8. JK Tyre Research Institute.

- HASETRI (HARI SHANKAR SINGHANIA ELASTOMER AND TYRE
RESEARCH INSTITUTE)
HASETERI is an Independent Research Institute specializing in the area of Elastomer
Research and Tyre Mechanics, established to fulfill the nation's need for developing
newer and better technologies for elastomer and tires

- TECH CENTRE (PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT CENTRE)

JK Tyre Tech Centre, is the nerve centre for new product development catering to
current and emerging needs of customers.

3.5. MOTOSPORT

fig 3.9. JK Tyre

Motorsport

- F i r s t I n d i a

accredited series.
- J K T y r e
Racing in India
acquired Formula
BMW Series.

22
3.6. JK TYRE MANUFACTURING LOCATION :

Fig 3.10. JK Tyre Manufacturing Locations in India.

- 3.7 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

23

Fig 3.11. JK Tyre Hospital Fig 3.12. Population Control Program

Facilities
-

- Healthcare: Free medical camps, Eye camps, population control program titled
“Parivartan”, Pusphawati Singhania Research Institute

Fig 3.13. Fig 3.14.

Fig 3.12. , 3.13. – campaign about road safety

- Education : Lakshmipat Singhania school in Jaykaygram, Adult literacy programmes
in remote villages, Children career counseling.

- Sports : Promotion of various sport event sand karting.

24

Fig 3.15. JK Tyre sport Events.

 - Environment : 1,00,000 tree plantations in last five years, adoption of public parks,
maintenance of civic amenities

3.8. JK Tyre -Strategy to meet future Challenges

-

Fig 3.16. JK Tyre Strategy for future challenges.

25
CHAPTER 4 : CONCLUSION
JK Tyre is one of the best tyre manufacturing company in India. In JK Tyre I have learned a
lot of things like marking on tyre, basic manufacturing of tyre & marketing of tyre there I
have experienced a life of a corporate world.

I have visited the main dealers of JK Tyre in Ajmer Area & attended many workshops of
various automobile companies.

To conclude, I can say that a practice school-I at JK Tyre was a great opportunity &
experience.

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