What is art?

- Artist uses creativity and innovation in transforming God-made things into man-
made things that satisfy his need.
Wood  Religious image/House/piece of furniture
Plants  Cloth/paper
Clay  Pots and Idols
From the word “ars” = Skill, Cunning, Artifice and Craft
Webster says however…

Art Skill Cunning Artifice Craft

Personal & Technical Ingenuity and Mechanical Expertness in
unanalyzable knowledge and subtlety in skill in imitating workmanship,
creative power efficiency devising, things in nature cleverness in
inventing, or attaining one’s
executing ends

 Art can take the form of film, music, theatre, and pop culture, all of which aim to
entertain and make people happy.
 According to Marcos (2006), the word art supplies various meanings, including
ability-human capacity to create things of beauty and things that stir us; process-
art encompasses acts such as drawing , painting, sculpture, designing building
and using the camera to create , and product completed work or the final
product.
1. Art is any creative work of a human being.
2. Art is a form of expressing oneself.
3. Art resides in the quality of doing; process is not magic.
4. Art is the act of making something visually entertaining.
5. Art is that activity which manifests beauty.
6. Art is mastery, an ideal way of doing things.
7. Art is not a thing — it is a way. (Elbert Hubbard)
8. Art is the most intense mode of individualism that the world has known.
9. Art is a discovery and development of elementary principles of nature. into
beautiful forms suitable for human use. (Frank Lloyd Wright)
ART AS A SKILL OR MASTERY
The term art is used to simply refer skill or mastery that is manifested in the
outstanding product of an endeavor which is an expression of man’s ideas and
emotions.
ART AS A PROCESS OR PRODUCT OF CREATIVE SKILL
involves arranging the aesthetic elements in an artistically interesting and
appealing manner. It includes human creations, different activities and manners of
expression

ART AS A UNIVERSAL LANGUAGE

 The language of art is diverse. Literature uses words, imagery, figurative
language and other literary devices. Music uses melody, harmony, dynamics and other
elements. Dance make use of graceful movements and choreography
ART AS REPRESENTATION OF REALITY
According to Aristotle, art is a reflection or a mirror of reality. “Reality is not the
physical make up of it but what it stands for, its essence, the reality.”
 Some artists do arts to express their emotions and thoughts, real or imaginary
 Other artists do it to produce things of beauty
 A big number of artists do it to self-actualization
 A small number of artists do it to immortalize themselves or to immortalize other
people
 The truth is that art is more than just a practice – it is a way of life. Art is more
than just a skill – it is a passion. Art is more than just an image – each one tells a
story.
THE ELEMENTS OF ART
-The Ingredients for a great Composition
What are the elements of art?
-The Elements of Art are the “tools” that artists use to make art.
1. Line
-A line is a path that a point takes through space. Lines can be thick, thin, dotted
or solid. They can make straight movements, zig-zags, waves or curls.
-They may be horizontal, vertical and diagonal.
Horizontal Lines are generally restful, like the horizon, where the sky meets land
Vertical lines seem to be reaching, so they may seem inspirational like tall majestic
trees or church steeples
Diagonal lines tend to be disturbing. They suggest decay or chaos like lightening or
falling trees
-Lines can convey emotion as well. They may show excitement, anger,
calmness, tension, happiness and many other feelings. Because of this, some
are said to be expressive.

 Expressive Lines tend to be found in nature and are very organic

 Other lines that are very measured, geometric, directional and angular are
called Constructive lines. They tend to appear to be man-made because
of their precision.
2. Shape
-Shape is created when a line becomes connected and encloses space. It is the
outline or outward appearance of something.
-Shapes are 2 Dimensional (2-D) which means there are 2 ways they can be
measured.
-You can measure its LENGTH and its WIDTH.
THE 2 TYPES OF SHAPE

 Geometric shapes have smooth even edges and are measurable. The include
the square, the circle, the triangle and the rectangle.
 Organic shapes have more complicated edges and are usually found in nature.
Leaves, flowers, etc.
3. Form
-A Form is a shape that has become 3- Dimensional (3-D)
-LENGTH, WIDTH and DEPTH
-Depth shows the thickness of the object. Forms are NOT flat like shapes are!
4. Value
-Value is the lightness or darkness of a color. Value makes objects appear more
real because it imitates natural light. When showing value in a work of art, you will need
a LIGHT SOURCE.
-A light source is the place where the light is coming from, the darkest areas are
always on the opposite side of the light.
-This is a way of giving a work of art Contrast.
WAYS VALUE CAN BE ADDED:

 Cross-hatching is when you use irregular lengths of parallel lines that cross
over each other diagonally. The closer together the lines are placed, the darker
the value.
 Stippling is the use of dots to create shade. This is accomplished by placing
dots very close together to create dark values and farther apart to create lighter
values.
 Soft shading is when you use your pencil to create soft gradual movements
from one value to the next using full value range.
5. Color
 Color Wheel

A long time ago, artists decided that these colors would be more useful to
them if they were placed in a wheel fashion. This became known as the color
wheel
-There are 3 primary colors:CRed, Yellow and Blue
These colors are primary for 2 reasons:
1. They can’t be mixed to be made
2. They make all the other colors on the color wheel

 Color Schemes

-Color is divided into groups based on the way they are placed on the
color wheel: 3-4 colors “next-door-neighbors” to each other creates an
analogous color scheme
-2 colors that are directly opposite each other (going across the center)
creates a complimentary color scheme
 -A tint is a color plus white
-A shade is a color plus black
-Colors have temperatures
-Colors can convey emotion and feelings too. It is important that artists
understand the effects of color when they are trying to get the viewers of their art
to feel a particular way.
6. Texture
-Texture is the way the surface of an object actually feels.
-In the artistic world, we refer to two types of texture---tactile and implied
Tactile (or Real) Texture is the way the surface of an object actually feels.
Examples would be sandpaper, cotton balls, tree bark, puppy fur, etc.
 Implied Texture is the way the surface of an object looks like it feels. This is
the type of texture that artists use when they draw and paint. Textures may
look rough, fuzzy, gritty, or scruffy, but can’t actually be felt.
7. Space
-Space can be shallow or deep depending on what the artist wants to use.
Shallow space is used when the artist has objects very close to the viewer.
 Deep Space may show objects up close but objects areshown far away too.
 Positive space is the actual object(s) within the artwork
 Negative Space is the area in and around the objects. It is the “background” and
it contributes to the work of art---you can’t have positive space without negative
space
CONTEMPORARY ARTS IN THE PHILIPPINES
MUSIC
- Is the art of combining sounds of varying pitch to produce a coherent composition
that is melodious, harmonious, intelligible, and expressive of ideas and emotions.
ELEMENTS OF MUSIC
1. Pitch
- the relative highness or lowness of the tone
2. Volume or intensity
- the loudness or softness of a sound
- Range: very soft (pianissimo) and soft (piano) to very loud (fortissimo) and loud
(forte)
3. Tempo or Rate
- the speed of a composition or any of its section
- ballads have slow tempo; dance songs have fast rate
- allegro, vivace, moderato, andante, adagio, lento, and largo are related to
tempo.
4. Duration
- the length of time during which a sound is produced.
5. Timbre
- the quality of sound that makes it distinct from other sounds.
6. Rhythm
- the consistent pattern or succession of identical or similar sounds
7. Melody
- the series of consecutive tones that vary in pitch and duration but form a line of
individual significance and expressive value
8. Harmony
- the simultaneous sounding of two or more tones.
9. Texture
- How the tempo, melodic and harmonic materials are combined in a composition
, thus determining the overall quality of the sound in piece.
- the number of tones expected to be apprehended simultaneously.
- monophonic, polyphonic, homophonic
10. Form
- the overall organization of the composition.
- associated with shape, structure, and coherence.