|Module 2 Our natural world Which picture shows: wild animals? mountains? birds? o river? the ocean? a fake? a forest? a desert? a waterfatt? ‘Listen and check, then say, here The) mare acne @ Fill in: provide, cover, home, lack, shelter, areas, drop, insects. ; [IR] They are one of nature’ treasures. They are 1). with alot of trees and 2) about 30% of the Earth’s land 2 surface. They provide food end 3) 1. to people and animals. [BE] They take up 70% of the Earth’s surface. They are 4). to some of the most amazing creatures on Earth, They 5) Fg 50% of the Earth’s oxygen. [E] they occupy 1/5 of the Earth’s land surface. it rarely rains there, © Reptiles, 6) birds and mammals lve there. They are hot and there isa 7) . sone Of water and plants. However, es temperatures 8) at night fi b) Which of the pictures 1-9 does each text refer to? Translate the texts into Polish. (EB) wien of the things in the pictures exist/don't exist in your country? Name some. Write a few sentences. Tell the class. y thore are rivers. The longest one is the Some aro ... coast, othars are in Live in .. «fn my county Aver. Thero aro aleo for There aren't any ...,though. @f Why sit important to take care of the environment? In three MNS. minutes write a few sentences. Tell the class. 21UNDERWATER CREATURES ae ee eee el Ce eae ee ees ane Cee ea ee ie Pen ecient tiie rat ecto ien Se enc a hee ey survived from ancient times with only very small changes in their body structure and Ce eee er ee ee eee ety eee mr eel bony plates, nol scales, and thelr try eyes resemble a chameleon's, Becauso of thoir Cn mg eT a PE RCC uae mr nee en eet eit area Le es Se eee eet Roce Gee here ern Se eke cern nes helps them to avoid belng swopt away by strong currents. While they hang from sea Ogee ah tne ra te te cry ace sucking up plankton. Strangely, seahorses have no slomach 80 they can't store thelr ee emir ten eee P> Another unique characteristic of seahorses is that they (along with their cousins, the pipet) are the only creatures in the animal kingdom where the male, not the CO eo eon men Mm cic nese rio eeu eae UL Tete asst Ce ua ed tn ee erent RS aera ares ano errs cetera IP sea, seahorses are in dangor all over the word Their habitats are being destroyed by human activites. People catch seahorses for pets end for souvenir. In Asia, people eu tonnes Moe ee omer a cakes CUS tt cat ree geese an) Co ae ene ae et y cem (eet a een etd eae t etre Check these words 2) Look at the photograph, + capture imagination * millennia * feature + folkiore » evolve | Whatis this fish? What do you | survive + Bodystructure « function + peculiar « pouch « scales know about it? |s resemble » chameleon + shalish « gts » shatow waters , ‘attached (to) + seaweed + wrap « stom + swcop (avay) » curent ) Check the words below in * suck (op) pipefish + pregnant + frtize + mate » grave danger the Word List. Use them to ‘exceptionally limited + dsibution range + estuary + conserve describe the fish's peculiar Sa << appearance. + horse-like head tiay eyes * Jong pointed nose * pouch + sharp spikes + no limbs + bony plates * no scales + gills * tong curved tait + swim bladder « fins Getting the main idea Every paragraph contains a main idea. Finding the main idea of each paragraph helps us understand what the text is about. Read the text quickly. What is the main idea in each paragraph? 22Choose the best answer according to the text, Give reasons for your answers. What style is the text written in: formol or informal? Give reasons. Check on p. 165. 1 Some people ara convinced that seahorses Aare too small and timid to survive, B are imaginary creatures. © should featuro in more children's stories. D have the ability to perform magic. 2. Scientists baliove modern-day seahorses A 100k vary similar to prehistoric seahorses, Bare able to chango their bocy structure, C may be related to the chameleon, D have poor eyesight. 3. Seahorses attach themsolves to seaweed and sea grass A in ordor to cat it Busing thelr mouths and tails. © to stay safe in rough waters, D when they want to travel long distances, 4. Eating for seahorses A is difficult as they don't have teeth B takes up a lot of their time. involves storing plankton in their bedios. D requires them to chew continuously. 5 When it comes to reproduction, seahorses A. like to mate with as many different seahorses as possible. B are the only fish where the malas give birth. © aro pregnant more o less continuously. D give birth to very small numbers of young. 6 Tho Knysna seahorse 1A is the rarest of South Africa's three seashores species. B is usad as medicine in some cultures. © is found throughout South Atrica, D is in more danger than any other seahorse specios a |.) Listen and read the text. Answer the questions in your own words. 1 What characteristics make seahorses fish? 2 How do seahorses roprocuca? 3. Why is the Knysna seahorse an endangered species? you lear from the text? Wiite sentences or tell your partner either in English or in Polish. Pe (Osean eae ee ye! Find words ff phrases in the text that mean the opposite of: + ordinary (para A) + deep (pera 6) * common (para D) a Find words in the text that mean: + fragile (para A) + strange (para B) + non-stop (para C) * pair off (para D) ‘+ most serious (para E) FA complete the summary. Use these words: curved, mate, bony, currents, gives, shallow, store, catch. peculiar, lost, ‘attach, places, grave. Seahorses are fh with 3 dy New appearance. They have a 2) tail end 3) They five in.) wna warm waters. They can't sim wre so they 5) themselves to seaweed SO ‘ong 6) 5 tra em aay Tye os of the time becsuse they Nave ro sictaach to Tig sesmcistones Te trae seahorse 8) ais. The female 9) jin the male's pouch, Seano'ses Tein. . for life. “Unfortunately, Tei. = &* ie in danger because peo! "s . ‘hem for pets or souvenits: plates. ggg seahorse i519 12) oon ey we don't protect it, this species for good. (9) Did you Know?) Less than 1% of young seahorses make it to adulthood. } {GT Collect information about another Pace cd paragraph explaining the reasons why Bt nmliekeccssVocabulary from the text Replace the underlined words words in the list in their ere se) correct form: evolve, resemble, Selene ras grave, capture, hang on, peculiar. 1. These beautiul animals have Chectahs, the fastest animals on Earth, are 1) endangered! caught tho imagination of threatened by habitst 2) loss/waste because people cut down writers tuees, People also hunt them for theie spotted pelt. Farmers kill 2 They changed form and them in order to 3) proteetipreserve their livesiock. Cee The blue whale, the 4) biggest b any Uns 20 largest of all whales, is now 3. Their appearance is vary legally 5) spariedis stipportediprotected strange, against hunting and killing. i 4 Thoir eyes look like ‘There are only 2,500 left a chameleons. : ‘5. They usually Noid on to sea grass. ‘The Mediterranean monk aes cpr eer tis / skin and because they get Fill in: refrain, destroy, prevent, 7) trapped/grabbed in tishing damage, avoid. Nowadays, a lot of 1 Please . ceonnew om fu Countries provect 1 eating too much chocolate. t's fag by 8) daw/rale. . bad for the teeth. The Thailand giant catfish 2 When hiking, wear boots if is 9) meeting/facing you want to . : . 10) extinetionldisappearance being bitten by a snake Qa ve 10 overtishing and habits 8 We humans will completely BF loss. the Amazon ‘ rainforest if we are not careful. 4 Acid rain can cause a lot of B a) Read the definitions, . 1 forests ! 5 Wearing sunscreen will ‘marninals: warm-bioaded animals p *ptiles: cold-blooded animals you from getting sunburnt. that give birth to ive babies and | which have scaly skin and lay as] i feed their young on milk Fill in: in, at, without, to. fish: cold-blooded creatures t 1 inosaushave been art for erp nine tat ve thet vein water and usually ‘« loast 65 million years, both on land and in water Ne Se GI doubt, Eston was : 2 animals i fone of tho greatest sclonists birds: creatures) sets sma : meaner ‘oer smth manna wt feather | he hoes ad sharp font i ‘mast of them ave wings 3 In numans, skeletal muscles “th sharpfiont tet’ and wings i ate attached... bones. 4 cats usualy gve oinn 3) Which type of animal are each ofthe animals below? = Betwaen one and eight kitens. Decide in pais. : 5 Malo seahorses are tho only (0) Listen and check. creatures the animal kingdom that give birth . + mouse * fly * monkey * whale + bootie + 4rog babies. : «dolphin « soa! * eagle * squirrel » bultorily + parrot 6 eerie + crocodile + toad + luna + jeguar + iguana + seimon 248 ran dangor of axtinction + kangaroo » chemoleon + bear 24 oemEnvironmental problems Match the environmental problems (A-H) to the pictures (1-8). Ay |deforestation |(E| endangered species ‘B | forest fire F | Jandfitis full of rubbish [_Jairportavion (6) oi spin [D)_ melting ice cops | [H) | water pottution GA Metch the environmental problems (1-7) to the solutions (a-g). Then discuss in pairs, as in the example. “Turn off lights when we ont noed them use taps carotuly use public ransport 2 “endangered animals 3 polluted beaches: (EE) ergy wasto Pe crsertnen fecy'e rbbish 51} global watershortage | ° Cleanup the coasting 7]_] larotis ultot rubbish | ' S!9P hunting ther 9 plant tees A: How cen we solve the problem of disappearing forests? 8: We can plant trees. fi} choose the correct Prepositional phrases Choose the correct preposition in bold. ‘Check in the Word List. Make sentences using the prepositional phrases. 1 A lotol animals are atvia risk of extinction. 2 Wo must protect habitats of/from disoppeoring. 3 Youcan help save animals of/from extinction, 4 Seahorses rely on/with camoutlage to hide offfrom predators. 5 ‘Wildife’ means animals living at/in the wit Word formation {forming nouns from verbs) Complete each sentence with the nouns derived from the words in bold. We form nouns from verbs using the following suffixes: ion (prevent-prevention), -ation | (converse-conversation), -sion (explode explosion), -tion (suggest suggestion) 1. Recycling helps control environmental (POLLUTE) 2 In , both people and animals will benefit if laws are made to abolish illegal animal trading. (CONCLUDE) 3. The animal shelter has announced that there wil be a in staff because of financial dificulties, (REDUCE) 4 There's a great nu saxo documentaries about endangered species 0 watch. (COLLECT) 5 There is a meeting on whale next Monday. (CONSERVE) Phrasal verbs: BRING = 4P round particle. Check in the about Word List. 1 His now book about endangered == agutt species will bo brought abouVout this May. (be published) 2. Environmontalists holped to bring about round a change in the law. (caused to happen) 3 She managed to bring outup her three chiléren on her own. (ralse) 4 He brought uplabout tho issue of saving tho whales during the seminar. (mentioned) 5 Ho fainted, but the doctor brought him about round. (regained consciousness) 25—_|2- Grammar in use * prohibition (i's wrong! | against the lawit’s forbidden)? + advco/euggestion (i “the right thing to doftts | agocdidea)? + oblgatonicutrinecessity ms sper anire re | obliged toy? + lack of nocossiy (i's not a. mustn't hunt endangered species. ‘ought to respect the environment, You must/ have to use public transport in order to SF codsce pollution "You don't have to/needn’t pay for a ticket to enter he 200 [econ oor) EB) watch the modals in bold to thelr uses. are SS there similar structures in Polish? a prediction bosed on what we think/believe, a future plan/intention, a prediction based on | }) Read the sentences and choose the correct what we see. Check in the Grammar words. ',,| Listen and check, Reference Section. Are there similar 1 We mustn'vshould all do what we can to structures in Polish? protect the environmant. 2 You mustn'vdon't have to duy products 7 Tee ee Fill in: will or am/s/are going to. made from endangered species. 1. A; What are you doing this aternoon, Bob? 3 More people ought tofmustn’t recycle BI cloan up tho park. 4 People musta'tidon’t have to use their cars Come with me for short distances when they can walk 2 A: Have you taken the reeycing fo the contre? We needn'vmusta’t camage coral reels B: Sony. | do it ater Making your house environmentally trienaly 3A: I'm helping at the animal shelter today. rneedn'Vmustn't cos! alo! of money. BERR ‘bie va 7 We ought to/mustn't put our liter in @ bin a: ascomnere wana gaia? and not throw it on the street. . > B: To the beach. She 8 It's @ good idea to adopt an animal: more peosia ancuidimuata't dew meet Peter and help pick up liter. : Where are all these people going? Rewrite the sentences using appropriate = To the park. They modal verbs. plant some now trees. p> 1 It's against the law to hunt blue whales, We mustn't hunt blue whales, 2 It's a good idea to join an onvironmontal Future continuous/Future Perfect, group. sean 1 This time next week, I'll be travelling to Spain 2 Its against ho law to hunt chootahs 2. This time next week, MI have finished my project = . ce BBB Hilbe seeing Ann tonight. 4 It's the right thing to protect endangered [cron tes em) species, = 5 It's wrong to hunt animals for their fur A a) Read the examples 1-3. Which verb form expresses: a previously arronged action? Will/Going to {an action in progress ct o certain time in the | Lookat those dark clouds! its going to rain future? an action finished before o certain 2 I'm going to join Greenpeace this year. future time? Check in the Grammar Reference 3. I think he will succeed. section, Are there similar structures in [5se0 pp. 152 (GAs) 150 (GR*) Polish? ia ry cay ag b) Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense. 1. A: How long have you been a member of this environmental group? B: By the end of June, | (bo) with thom fora year. Aren't you meeting Bob at the animal shelter? Hy hai a glam he senna (H0V0). This time tomorrow, 1 (walk) to work, B: Oh, yos. t's 'No Car Day’ 4 A: We park by tonight. B: That's great (clean up) tne FA) what will you be doing: at 6 o'clock tomorrow afternoon? at 8:30 Sunday evening? What will you have done by the time you are 302 She must be tired. ('™m sure she is.) She can’t still be working, ('m sure she isn’t) She may move to London. (it’s possible.) She must have known he wasn't coming. (tim sure she didn't) She can’t have lost the keys. ('m sure she idn't) She may/might not have reached home yet. (t's possible she didn’t.) [sce p54 (GhS) Study the table. Which sentences refer to the: present? past? Which express: positive/negative deduction? uncertainty? Which modals are used for each type? Look at the picture and make sentences using the phrases. Use must, may or can’t. be friends + rain botore Work since mornin be summer « look happy do this before + feel cold collect clothes + be on holiday belong to an environmental group « start early He'll come as soon as he finishes work. [Leave when she gets here. (time word) [Sisco p53 ana) Q a) Read the examples. What tense do we use after time words (when, until, before, as scon as, ofter, ete) to refer to the future? b) Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or future. Compare with your partner. 1 We should help the environment before it (be) 109 late, 2 We (wait) until we have enough volunteers. 3 Sho . (start) a cloan-up campaign betore she goes to college 4 What will he do after he (finish) schoo!? 5 She wants to be an environmentalist when sho (grow up), Choose the correct item. chee. Lee enddedcerfadi We can all do a number of simple things that | Awillshould meke 2 big difference to the} environment and we 2)don‘t have to/mustn’t change our lifestyles very much either. For example, if you insulate your home, you help the environment and save on your eneray bills. Also, you 3) should/need check the settings on your central heating and your fridge. If you 4) turn/ are going to turn the temperature down just afew | degrees, you 5) willémust save money and enera} 6) before/when you know it. You 7) should/ ‘ought also switch all the light bulbs in your house to energy-efficient ones and by this time next year | you'll 8) be paying/have paid a lot less. Sentence transformations: Complete the second sentence so that it ‘means the same as the first. Use appropriate ‘modal verbs. 1 Its the right thing to holp protect, ‘endangered species. We i 2 It’s not necessary to wator tho plants. You 3. te a'good idea to tur of hte whan you don't need thom. You 4 Its against the law to sep lttor in tho treat, You 5 You are obliged to keep your dog on a short ead near farm animals, You . 27B ) You will hear an interview with a scientist about lions. Before you listen, check these words in the Word List. + game reserves + habitat loss + hunting + accidental poisoning + vanish + critically endengered species list * poacher + brood 1b) 4» Listen to the dialogue and decide if each sentence is True or False. 1s the logue formal or informal? Check on p. 165. 11 Most lions live in national parks and game resarves. 2. Thiee decades ago, there were 180,000 mare lions in tha wild. 2. Most experts agree it is probably 100 late to save the lion, 4 Many lions are killed by mistake. 5 Or Richards is trying to raise monay to save lions 9 What did you learn from the interview about lions? Why are lions in danger? What do you think has caused this?What can you do to help? Tell your partner. Stress in questions 2 a) Read the sentences and find the stressed. syllables. 1. Can you tell us wy lions are in danger? 2. How many tions should there bo in the wild? 3 Can tions be saved from extinction? 4 What can we do to help? b) Listen and check, then say. EMucchuace aa feck 12 ees eer een ire our Cara Peery es Listening skills 4 Rainforest plants could provide us Iife-throatening diseases. 5. To help protect rainforests, we mustnt waste @) You will hear a lecture about forests. Before you listen, check these words in the Word List. * raise awaroness + oxygen supply land surface + urban areas * curos * life-threatening diseases * medicinal uses ..) Listen and complete the sentences. 1 Forests keep the world's climate 2 They are home to over 50% of the world’s 3. Nowadays, rainforests represent about 5 a .» Listen again and for questions 1-5 choose the correct answer A, Bor C. 1 Less than ten percent of the Earth’s land mass A ishome to wild. B is covered by rainforests. © produces the world's oxygen supply. 2 Which Is NOT mentioned as a reason that trees, are cut down? * A to clear for farmland B to develop towns © to reduce land surtaco 3. One hundred and thirty-seven rainforest species A are becoming extinct every day. B have boon tested are cut down for wood. 4 What doos Jaremy suggest we should do to help rainforests? A use less paper B recyclo wooden furniture © buy paper online Jeremy bolioves that people A. do not love this planet. B aro very sad about the planet. © atten don't remember their duty. What did you learn from the lecture about rainforests? What are the consequences of rainforests disappearing? How can you help to save them? Write a few sentences. Tell your partner, = = = = = =a1 Speaking skills . Suggestions cr a 2) Julie is having a problem with her electricity bill. Her friend b is suggesting ways to reduce energy waste. = «7 Listen and read to find out what her friend suggests. Bil: Jali: Hi, Julia, What's wrong? Hi, Bil, | just can't beliove it! My electricity bill was realy expensive last month, Bill; You must be wasting a lot of energy. You should save electticity to help » Julie: Good thinking. I'd save a lot of money on my bills = ‘How about if | used a screensaver instead? b) Take roles and read the dialogue aloud. Making decisions st [FB Use phrases from the language in the table a a) The pictures show some = TP na the ideas below to act out a dialogue possible ways to save energy suggesting other ways to save energy at at school, In pars complete home. the sentences with: instal solar panels, energy-saving ones, + only use your washing machine/dishwasher aaa Moone 3 ERLE turn off lights, put stickers. + turn off all appliances when you are not using them ; “ nee 3 + romove tho phone charger from the socket kd | Ging form) ..2 |e Lnineits a great idea. 2 |. bers (+ bare '* That's an exceliont idea! ROU RUC ULL foie) ws [> Good tinkng eect tet) + Vény not (rbare | Yes, | suppose youte right infinitive) ...2 |* OK. Why not? tyes ine! + Pethaps/Maybe + OK. What do you suggest? SUL youlwe could... [+ | dontthink its a good idea.| Cyl arene peta Pa fa + Why dont you’ [> Tdont tings Re we e when your phone has charged + make sure windows and doors are closed when heating/air conditioning is on Ee eid HowWhat about ere ean) ‘+ That sounds great 'm not sure about tat. YoulWe should . How about ... instezo? Riera cu itr Cer Wee aeacur ek Racy ERK eee y on the computers to remind us b) ‘vy Listen to a pair suggesting ways to save energy at school. What reasons do they give? Do you agree with them? Why/Why not? What would happen if we adopted the ideas above.30 writing Bank 2 p. 143 (w2), Rubric analysis Read the rubric. What do you have to do? Choose the correct answer A, B or C. You have had a class discussion about air pollution. Your teacher has asked you to write an essay discussing ways on hovr to reduce ait pollution. Write your essay (120-180 words) ‘A. Writo your opinion on the topic. BWinte your suggestions on how to solve the problom. © _Woite only what ta problem and its causes are, Model analysis Read the model. Answer the questions. ® Potuton of tne earths | we atmosphere has reached | frightening proportions. This | is largely due fo the gronth of | industry and increased use of Private vehicles. So what ean bbe done about this probier? | £2 One otfctve solu for people to leave their | cars al home and use publle transport instead. By doing this, there would be less exhaust fumes and air poluion levels would be reduced. |B Another solution is to plant more trees in urban afeas. Then, as the tees absorb harmful gases such as carbon monoxide and broathe out oxygen, the airin our citios will become cleaner. Tries, #6 impotent weave views Boner | Siatens conte to af poluton. By tng off lights and appliances when we dont need them, we hnalp reduce the pollution problem, 5) in condusion, | stongly believe that tying to *auce air pollution is something which involves us all. Everyone must teke action before itis too late. ad 1. What problem isthe essay about? Which paragraph sites i? 2 What solutions dees the writer suggest? 3 what results ean each solution have? 4 Which paragraph summarises the writr’s opinion? 5 What style isthe essay writen in? Give reasons. ‘Topic/Supporting sentences In essays the main body paragraphs should begin with topic sentences. A topic sentence introduces or summarises the main topic of the paragraph and gives the reader an idea of what the paragraph is about. A topic sentence should be followed by supporting sentences which provide example, results, reasons, justifications to support the topic sentence [Ep ® Finite topic sentoncsin the main body paragraphs. Does each introduce a new topic? Do the rest of the sentences in each paragraph further explain the topic sentence? b) Replace the topic sentences with other appropriate ones. (Gy > Beas tne paragraphs below: what problem is each ebout? [B] We can buy toose trut, vogetabies, cheese, meat and lish. We can also tako our own shopping bags to tho supermarkot and avoid using plastic ones. By doing this wo can reduce the amount of rubbish we creat. TE] We con tur off thet 2 when en necessary. This way we =e Drevent water a9 ~£. We can stop buying products made oF Ivory, coral, reptile skin or tortoiseshel. This way, we help protect endangered species. b) Write appropriate topic sentences for the paragraphs in Ex. 4a. Expand the notes to form topic and supporting sentences, as in the example. Use phrasos from the Useful Language box. 1 encourage peopleluse public transport ~ there beitew cars on streets, A useiul solution is to encourage people to use public wansport. This way there will be fewer cars on tne strts. 2 move tactoriesthe countryside ~ air in ctes/be cleaner 3 avoid buying producis/endangerod species ~ protect endangered animals 4 organise clean-up dayé/kecp local parks/ beachesiclean 5 start recycling ~ reducelamount of rubbishCent i * "Planning an essay providing solutions to a problem Introducing topic sentences Before you start writing an essay providing solutions toa problem, peceidina sowie i ee vi bak S * A useful/effective solution/s tion 5 | think of possible solutions and examples to support each solution pees joa see OU suggest. Then organise your notes into paragraphs. This wil help (pe ecnaawey [peu wte your esas + Another way to sole the problem is. * Itis good idea to # Itcould help if Introducing supporting sentences presenting possible results * This way/in this way, « Then, # Asa result, « By doing this, wecan += If we do this, the result can be Your turn Read the rubric. What problem are you going to write about? You've had a dass discussion on the following PA. : = topic Every yeor more ‘and more animals ave - fetresuetion iS facing extinction. We (Para 1) state ine proviem anctor F must alf help protect 3) ‘ts causes = ‘endangered species. Your - = teacher has asked you to aa ieee waite an essay providing ss i solutions to the problem = rosotedresuit s: (120-180 words) . (Para’3) second syageston and expected result (Para) thie suggestion and ‘eoxpoctod'resut FB Look at the notes. Which are Conclusion ca solutions? Which are results? (Para 6) sunvmarise your opinion | Checklist When you finish your piece of writing chock fr the folowing + Have you stated the problem and its causes? ‘= Have you stated your opinion? + Are your paragraphs well-structured? *+ Do the main body paragraphs start with an appropriate topic sentence? + Do the supporting sentences further 8 Use phrases from the Useful Language box to write ‘explain the main idea of the topic sentences joining each solution to its expected result. sentence? ‘+ Have you presented each suggestion ‘together with its result? om 1 oo o A usotul sotution is ...This way, 3 Check the theory in the Writing Bank. Then write your + Have you used full verb forms? essay. Use ideas from Exs 7 & 8. Follow the plan. Don’t + Is your essay within the word length? 3 use short verb forms. Start each main body paragraph Are there any spelling/grarmmat/ with a topic sentence. punctuation mistakes? 3 31 wrLanguage Think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). The Damtree The Daintee is 0) 2n_ ancient tropical rainforest stretching for 95. km A nssnnnnnas the far north coast of Queensland, Austiatin, At 100 million vears old, it is the world’s oldest rainforest. The Daintce is also known 2 the “planets nursery” due to the 3) ve that the majority of the Earths tre and flosser species originate irom there. Same of theve plants, y the massive king tree fern, were around when dinosaurs wsalked the earth! The Daintee’s extraordinary biodiversity includes many species of rae animals not found anywhere §) wesesnnnne OF earth, like the southern cassowary, a tall, ightles bicd, and the tree kangaroo, All of 8) snow Unique qualities led 10 the Daintree becoming a World Heritage site in 1988, Not surprisingly, the Dainteee 7) become a popular destination for eco-tourism, with tens 8) Thousands of vistors coming every year 9) znuenmeunews YOU have to choose your season, summer is extremely hot and wet, 10) torrential rains making many ereas inaccessible, However, dung winter, 25°C sunny days make perfect conditions for exploring 1) magnificent. topical rainforest region, unofficially 12) of the natural wonders of the word B)) use the word given in capitals to form a word that fits in the gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). The Great Barrier Reef When Captain Cook sailed up the 0) unchortered CHART east coast of Australia for the first time, he was not prepared for the 1) nn of the vast Great Barrier Reef, which extended for over 1000, Ce oe in places. DANGER Cook's ship ran aground several times and the coral tore 3) wnewn into the hull, DEEP ‘causing severe damage. When he finally made it to the far north coast, Cook named its a most point, Cape NORTH Tiibulation, for the aifficlt time he had Navigating & SAFE 5) eorwunewnenn » ThE PASS: days, the Great Barrier Reef is a marine park of world 6)... and a favourite SIGNIFY international diving 7) .sruninnewn The LOCATE turquoise 8). cones WANES ae stil home TROPIC To thousands of marina species,from Devemennmnanrn ¢oloured topical fish to BRIGHT translucent manta rays and delicate sezhorses. But the tell white ships are long gone and now glass bottom boats cruise through the 10) seen Marine environment. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. You must use two to five words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). ‘They say the cheetah endangered species. SAID ‘Tho cheetah is said to bo an endangered species. The young boy said he would not pick up the rubbish he nad dropped. REFUSED The young boy san the rubbish he had dropped. People still hunt elephanis for ‘their tusks even though itis illegal. FACT People still nunt elephants tor their tusks despite si illegal. I the situation doesnt improve soon, more species will become oxtinct, IMPROVEMENT Unless “the situation, mote spaces will become extinct. Experts are worried about the lovo! of air pollution. WORRIES What the level ot air pollution Not many people realise how Important tecyciing is. UNDERSTAND very .. important recycling is. twas up to Sarah to decide where they should go for inner. MAKE Sarah had ‘about where they snould go for dinner. “Does all the rubbish go to a landfill site?” Clara asked, WHETHER Clara asked went toa landfill sito. Paul's involvement in politics began at university. INVOLVED Paul has ho was at univorsity, Tin lhe iDa od ou 8 er ee 1 Grammar Qa Choose the correct item. 1 My teacher wu. mo to research all my options before | applied to a specific university ‘A recommended advised B suggested D insisted 2 The curator asked us .....any of the statues ‘A. to not touch © not touching B please stop touching D not to touch 3 “You know, we're running out of time on this project” ‘irs precisely .... we need more time that we should ack for an extension” 8 since that © though B duo to D because 4 “Can you afford .... such an expensive car and maintain it?” “Yes, I've recently beon promoted: ‘A 10 buying © tobuy B buying D buy 5 “The textile factory caught fire yesterday.” “1 know! The flames ..... several miles away” A could boseen © could see B saw D were secing 6 Tho local rasidents were ..... the council's decision to demolish the old theatee. ‘A disappointed of -isappointed 10 B disappointed from D_cisappointed with 7 sus het inexperience, she gavo an impressive periormance. A Bocause of © However B Although D In spite of 8 “Which one of ..... computer games should | buy ‘Todd for his birthday?” “1 think he'd liko that one A this B them C these D theirs 9 We .... cleared up the beach without the help of volunteers. A never have © could never have B maynotbe D nad never 10 “Have you seen my mobile anywhere?” *Yes, you've left iton the...” ‘A kitchen's table © kitehen table B kitehon tables itchens' table 41 spent ..... weekend rovising for my final exams. A mostof the © the most of the B mostof D the most Tere Knowledges Vocabulary B Choose the correct item. 1 Chatlos did all sorts of jobs to ....a living. Agein Bean Cwin DO take 2. Angie has the .... to become a champion tennis player. A potential © advantage B afficiency D operation 3 I picked up the phone, dialled the number, but realised the line Was A empty B doad © wasied D beat 4 A recent study .... that there is a connection botween poverty and crime, A calculates © records B expresses. D indicates 5 I didn't realise setting up my own business 0 much hard work A ongaged B surrounded © involved D contained 6 She was sitting inthe .....of @ large apple tree. A shade B shadow C darkness D cover 7. The T-shitts and sneaters cost £15 and £30 ‘A simultaneously © primarily B cooperatively D respectivaly 18 There was such @ wide range of goods on that | didn’t know what fo buy. A exhibition © display B shop D shelves 9. The news of her transfer to another branch. as a real surprise to Muriel A wont Bomado C came D was 40. | really enjoy sciance, but my brother is... with inthis yoar. A struggling © conflicting B fighting D worrying +1 Stephen likes .... old motorbikes and putting them pack together again. A dostroying © dismantting B uncovering D_domolishing 42. Stan was ..... rom schoo! for playing truant A expelled © evacuated B excludes D extiacted 13. Hanna has .... a good knowledge of Chinese. A obtained © rogistored B acquired D accessed 3334 Fill in the words in their correct form. Word Formation valve * expand Complete the gaps with the correct form of the words in bold, develop + grow 1 Masi scionists believe human beings inatnica, “The jguar isthe largest eatin the Amevcss. 2 Mountain gorilas jsloniy~ than abig head and 1) oes (PONCE) they dont reach maturiy uni they are about jaws ts eoat is yellow with black pots. Its 12 years ol, > Chg) 1s up © 76m andi 3. Putferfish have the ability to SE Ee ee ei their body when threataned in order to tighten, » ee ecaarn te oie rn 4 Bamboo _at an estnishingy| rapid rate ~ pt 100 em in 2a nous growth and agricultural 6) (expand) ae their main threats, 1 1ooks uniikely the tiger the century. 6 I'm atraid the pain from the snakebite along time, 7 Ifthe destruction of the Amazon Rainforest . temperatures will rise, 8 Scientists estimate less than 1,600 giant : ; pandas. _. in the wild, ‘Write the noun form of the words below in ES your notebooks. + Trouble > threat » isk * danger a! puss jd sBoaadle, 9 cetmaare 8. Nany plant speces aren... ofexinaton. psu wliesmimie |e cer 10 Tho documentary shows that sharks aie in @. baesive ule dente ae big ‘worldwide, " e = 11 Humans pose a groatr.. 5 5 to sharks, than vice versa a Te a acer r a 42. Elephants and thinos aro at from poachers. Complete the gaps with the correct word, ‘Then put the verbs in brackats into the Phrasal verbs & Prepositions cotreht Form. _ B Choose the cortect item, 50% of the Earth’s species 1).. (Gisappear) by the end of is century accoraing to Dr 11 Wo must protect the world's oceans byitrom | Aichard Leakey. He says that people are using almost overfishing. half the energy available to sustain life on the planet 2 | think animals should lve avin the witd, not | and the igure 2) (grow) as our infon captivity population grows. This threatens every form ot lle on 3 How many plant specios aro inven danger of | Earth including people. We 9) extinction infat the Amazon? do something to stop it before it 4). 4 Poaching and habitat destruction are just | (be) too late. We 5) to stop two reasons why tigars aro with/at risk of | hunting animals as this puls a lot of species extinction, Okan sk of extinction, Overfshing 5 Environmentalists around/over the world are and pollution are two other factors that threaten fighting hard to savo tho Earth’s fauna | Species 7) « extineten. Cutting tropical | GS trom/over extinction. rainforests, which aro home 8) . halt & Thoy'tbring he now fim roundfeutnext monh, | of the world’s species, in order to build towns and Sieror ee pases ae danger. What 10)... _ (the future! hold) for the planet? 11) a * .. (other. e sec slaspen) of can as si extol a vole 7 Di lan Murray brought up/about the issue of deforestation during the macting, 8 What brought abouvout ihe disappearance of dinosaurs?Reading 1a) Read the text and decide whic answer A, B, Cor Dis correct. ee SE ST FEROCIOUS frm Sgnina ( thoy need to grou from the sol. waterlogged habiats she wetands a swamps, the water has washed PAL most of the nutrients rom th raking it difcult for many plants sve there, But some plants do very wel inthe harsh conditions of wetlands, “Tnoy are camvorous plan's. Unike all athar plants on Earth, carivorous | plants drit have to get the nutrien's they need to grow from the ground {go thom by eating animal fash stead. = ‘Camivorous plants use the sneakiest of ticks to trap their animal dines. Frsk they atractanmalsf0 hem, Some do ths by someting a sweet, sugary laud. | ‘Ofrors prodce Beauté ight flowers or an iesistble smal. Nex, they ap ‘the anil. Here's where things get realy Clever. Some carnivorous plants snap | “i eaves Uohy shut around aneals to crate @ par prison. thes | produce a sty que substance that makes « Impossble fr animals to [Ssoape, Some even use thei eaves to create a doop ube filed wth rain vat “fecroun ther prey “What happens next? Once an arial is captured, ifs ta forthe leaves 1 | chango fom wrap 10 stomach. Just Ike out storech, tho loaves of camvorus | plants emt acidic cigestivejuees, These hoes cssove the =a - animal and the plant absorbs the nutrients. When dinner a is over the leaves opan again, the remains of the : ~ anima are thronn out, andthe plantis ready to catch another vetm! “The bladdenwort plants a prety ite plant tnat ~ grows in sivamps. Dorit be fooled by the innocent Jack of its small purole "flowers though. Bladsernons are ‘the fastestknown ‘less in the plant kingdom. They havo the ~ ablity 10 suck smal fsh and insects int their leaves in 150 ofa second! And then there's the — )pichor plant ~ plant so Big ican atch sais. The pichor usos. ts ‘eaves 10 create a deep contsiner Animals fal imo the container and carit crawl out 1 Carnivorous plants A don't do es well as other plants in wetlands. B_ get most nutrients from the soll © ‘receive nutrients from other species. Dare the only plants able to survive in wetlands. 2. Tho leaves of all carnivorous plants can change ‘A shape. —B function © size. D_ position. 3 When an animal is trapped in a carnivorous plant A the leaves open immediately B the leaves produce a liquid that breaks meat down, © the animal receives nutritious juices. D the animal is used as bait for the next victim. 4, Tho bladderwort plant A has got sticky leavos. B eats big animals. © hasn't got lowers. D ‘savory rapidkiller, (4.9.9) ») Answer the questions in your own words. Justify your answers. 1 Why can carnivorous plants tive in habitats low in essential nuitients? 2. What are some mothods that Ccatnivorous plants use to trap animals? sie) Speaking Choose the correct response. 1A: Lets watch that wlidlifo documentary tonight. B: a OK. Why not? bb What's wrong with that? 2 A: Why not adopt an animal at the 200? B: a Whata great idea! I suppose you'e right. 3. A: Perhaps we can organise a “Save Energy Day’ at school. B: a Youre welcome. b That sounds great. 4 A: You should buy enorgy saving light bulbs. B: a I suppose you aro right b That's no excuse, 5 A: How about installing solar panels? B: a Good thinking b Sorry — | didnt think of that. (6x2=10) 3536 Listening {Listen to a lecture about an endangered species and decide if the following statements are True or False, 4. There are moro than 50 Amur leopards living in the eraaeen wild ‘Amur leopards are found in China, Korea and Russia. “The Amur leopards fur changes during tho ‘They usually live in groups. seasons. “Thoy sleep during the day and hunt at night. “They hide their prey if they dont finish eating it, ‘Amur leopards are not a protected species. ‘Tho main threat to the Amur leopard comes from poachers. Vocabulary Fill in with: pregnant, rare, shallow, millennia, unique, povrers, scales, continuously, current, anatomy. We can't swim here. Tho ‘The Chinese beliave tiger bones have healing (axt=8) is too strong. In seahorses, itis the male not the female that bocomes: ‘This snake specios is... to one lake in Legends of dragons have existed for ‘The water is very ‘The skin of most fish is covered in Sharks replaco their teeth constantly generating new teeth. the Philippines. = it's only up to my waist they are 9 The trunk is the most interesting features of the elephants 10 The Amazon Rainforest is home to thousands of animal and plant species. 10x2=20) Grammar f Y Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense. 1 What com (take) with you for the hike? 2 I willeall you as soon as! (arrive) at tne animal sheltor. 3 on (youtfinish) tho project by 9 o'clock? 4 Pleaso dont phone us between 1 pm and 5 pm. We . aw (ork). 5 It's a nice day today. | think I. {g0) t0 the zoo. 6 The seminar on (start) when Mr Harris arrives. 7 Look how sunburnt you aro! .. (yourbe) sore tonight. 8 Scientists think all wild coatood ... (disappear) in 50 years. 9 Sorry, but leant come at 6 as | (help) at the shelter. 10 Tho trafic is terrible. We {be) late for the meeting. een) Rewrite the sentences using an appropriate modal verb. 1 W's forbidden to take pictures. 2 It isnt necessary to feed the cats. 3 Its the duty of students to pick Up thelr rubbish. 4 It’s the right thing to listen ‘without interrupting, 5. It's prohibited to take pets into the musoum. (6 Writing PB) Read the rubric, then write your essay. (You have had 2 cass discussion about energy waste. Your | teacher has asked you to write fan essay discussing viays to save energy (120-180 woros). Write your esi. 0 ar) (Totai=100) Te eC f= talk about our natural world ‘+ talk about types of animals & endangered species + talk about environmental problems «express prohibition + express advice + express obligation/duty (necessity) «+ talk about future events, + make suggestions & agree/disagree + identity stress in questions fe an essay providing solutions to problem ow nro RRA A A A ee ee