CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

The second part of this research study contains the related literature (local or

international), and synthesis of the reviewed literature. For further understanding of the study,

the researchers made use of different reading materials like books, theses and dissertations,

articles and other on-line references which provided the researchers with facts and data used to

support their claims related to the Government’s Illegal Drug Campaign.

FOREIGN LITERATURE

According to David Jakubiec thesis entitled “War On Drugs” (2009), drug use and abuse

is widespread in many countries. “In spite of tough anti-drug laws, a new survey reveals that the

U.S. has the highest level of the use of illegal drugs in the world” and “. . . Americans report the

highest level of cocaine and marijuana use” (WebMD, Warner, and CBS News 2009).

The Campaign Against Illegal Drugs is very expensive billions of dollars are spent in an

effort to keep people from getting high in this substance and prevent its proliferation. Drug

addiction is not only a national problem but it is also a global issue. Drug addiction is a

chronically relapsing disorder that has been characterized by the irresistible use of addictive

substances in spite of adverse effects to the individual and society.

Education about Drug abuse is a vital part of helping individuals understand the causes

and effects of this substance. This could also include counseling education, which helps

everyone involved from the person abusing drugs to family and friends. It is essential that people

who abuse drugs are aware of how a drug can affect their minds, bodies, and also their
relationships within their families and friends. This awareness can help them perceive the

potential damage that could arise, or the damage that has already occurred. Drug abuse education

may also include information about what treatment involves to prepare every person included for

the potential outcomes. (Leah Miller article entitled Substance Abuse Education Resources

2010). Drug Education is commonly done in school and taught in every citizen of its locality that

has a drug campaign program.

According to Almario Ong (2002) study entitled “Concerted Efforts towards Drug

Abuse” The education institution, from the primary grade, secondary level and in college level it

is the moral responsibilities, commitment and duty of all the teachers or professors to instill into

the mind of their students the disadvantages of taking illegal drugs. The wicked effects of it

when it is taken to the body, it produces unusual effect emotionally, physically and mentally.

According to Otto William “Bill” Wendell, PhD (2014), book entitled “What? Who?

Me!!” Lack of understanding of the terminology used is one of the hardest difficulties in

teaching/addressing drugs. Substances with abuse potential range from kitchen spices through

usual flowers and the weeds or cannabis sativa to highly sophisticated drugs. All these

substances may be divided into five categories: 1) narcotics, 2) sedatives, 3) tranquilizers, 4)

stimulants, and 5) hallucinogens.

Medically defined, narcotics are drugs which generate unconsciousness or stupor due to

their depressant effect on the central nervous system. Included in this definition are opium,

opium derivatives (morphine, codeine, and heroin) and synthetic opiates (meperidine,

methadone). As controlled and maintained by Federal Narcotics Law, the term “narcotics” also

embraces the coca leaf and its derivative, cocaine. Pharmacologically, this drug is a stimulant,
not a depressant, but for law enforcement purposes it is considered a narcotic. All other drugs

susceptible to abuse are non-narcotics.

According to the latest research of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) entitled

Drug Abuse 2014, when marijuana is smoked Tetrahydrocannabinol speedily proceeds from the

lungs through the bloodstream, which transfers the chemical to the brain and other organs all the

way through the body. It is subsumed more gradually when ingested in food or drink.

Nevertheless, it is ingested, TetraHydroCannabinol reacts on particular molecular targets on

brain cells, called cannabinoid receptors. these receptors are normally initiated by chemicals

alike to TetraHydroCannabinol that inherently happen in the body and are part of a neural

communication network called the endocannabinoid system, this system plays a vital part in

normal brain development, progress and function.

According to Hanson, Peter J. Venturelli, PhD and Annette E. Fleckenstein, PhD et al.

(2014), study entitled “Drugs and Society” many people think that today’s problems with drug

use and abuse are unique to this era. In reality drug use and abuse have always been part of

nearly all – past and present human societies. For example, the Grecian oracles of Delphi used

drugs, Homer’s Cup of Helen induced sleep and provided freedom from care, and mandrake root

mentioned the first book of the Bible, Genesis, generated a hallucinogenic effect.

According to the book of Richard Wilson and Cheryl A. Kolander et al. 2011, Across

history, there have been occurrences in which drug abuse and use have been disregarded or even

encouraged by social institutions. Many people and institutions have made efforts to limit the

abuse and use of various drugs, typically through legal sanctions and restrictions enforced by the
governments. However, as a democracy has proliferated around the world, there has also been

reliance on voluntary limits promoted by education. This is not to say that government controls

are not still widely implemented – a look at U.S. government spending patterns shows otherwise

– but rather that drug education has evolved into both a movement and an industry over the last

40 years.

Contradictory, the success of the prevention efforts led to public indifference. Politicians

and other leaders took the cue and put the drug abuse prevention on the back burner of policy

formation and executive action. At the same time, violence, health care reform, welfare reform,

and economic issues generated consternation and contentious debate. Although alcohol, tobacco

and other drug abuse have ties to all of those issues, but somehow apathy remains widespread.

Since the early 1990s, the use of drugs generally has declined very little; in many cases, it has

remained unchanged or even increased. (Toufonio et al. 1990)- Introduction to Drugs and

Society.

According to the article made by Mary Ann Pentz, Guneet Kaur Jasuja, Louise Ann

Rohrbach, Steve Sussman, Michael T. Bardo et al. entitled “Translation in Tobacco and Drug

Abuse Prevention Research” of 2006, is to describe the translation of research on tobacco and

drug abuse prevention from basic science to program development to large-scale program

dissemination, and from animal to human studies. Where relevant, continuity of translation is

discussed by referring to two variables that have been studied for their potential relationship to

drug use risk in both animals and humans: sensation and novelty seeking and low impulse

control. Review of the research indicates relatively slow translation until the early 1990s. The

authors suggest some methods to promote speedier translation across types of research that
encourage reciprocal rather than unidirectional transmission of knowledge to hasten the progress

and circulation of more timely, targeted drug abuse prevention programs.

LOCAL LITERATURE

The government formulated and enacted the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of

2002 otherwise known as the Republic Act 9165, repealing republic act no. 6425, otherwise

known as the dangerous drugs act of 1972, as amended, providing funds therefor, and for other

purposes. It is the policy of the State to safeguard the integrity of its territory and the well-being

of its citizenry particularly the youth, from the harmful effects of dangerous drugs on their

physical and mental well-being, and to defend the same against acts or omissions detrimental to

their development and preservation. In view of the foregoing, the State needs to enhance further

the efficacy of the law against dangerous drugs, it being one of today's more serious social ills.

The new law gives for severe penalties, maximum of which is the imposition of death for the

possession of illegal drugs and trafficking, depends upon the act and volume of drug seized but,

at the same time seeks to protect the country’s youth. (pdea.gov.ph)

The Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002 fortifies and revivifies the Dangerous

Drugs Board (DDB) and created the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) as the sole

agency tasked for the enforcement of the Republic Act No. 9165 (pdea.gov.ph)

The rampant or widespread state of the abuse of drugs and trafficking instigated the

government and exasperates the social sectors to address the problems with a fix resolution to

determine the components, which form the core of these social diseases. The government laid

down the basic policies and plans with a support of the NGO’S to avert or avoid the people and
the youth in particular, from being pushed to and affected by illegal drugs contamination, well-

informed of political, economic, social and moral implications of the state under the spell of the

illegal or dangerous drugs. (pdea.gov.ph)

According to 2012 national survey on the present nature and extent of the abuse of drugs

in the Philippines this study is produced and conducted by the Dangerous Drugs Board and the

Philippine normal university. It was orchestrated to determine the present nature and extent of

drug abuse in the Philippine country. the survey sampled a total of 10, 752 respondents ranging

from ages 10 to 69 years old, recognized through a proportionate sample. a final total of 256 sites

served as study areas. multi-stage sampling technique was utilized in choosing the study sites

which included 17 regions, 43 provinces, 42 capitals, 86 municipalities/cities, 137 urban and 119

rural barangays. the data gathering and acquiring was orchestrated from end of October 2012 to

march 2013.

Based on the study, it was estimated that there are 1.8 million current drug users in the

Philippines or 1.8% of the total population of 100.98 million, results of the Dangerous Drugs

Board’s latest survey on the drug use situation in the Philippines show.

Meanwhile, data from the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency showed that at current,

out of 42,036 barangays in the country, 49.65 percent were drug-affected as of JULY 22, 2017.

PDEA Director General Isidro S. Lapeña says that the so called percentage represents a total of

20,872 barangays contaminated by the drug menace. The data was obtained from operational

reports of PDEA Operating Units and other law enforcement agencies of the Republic of the

Philippines.
 At present time drug use and abuse are indeed widespread to the Philippines, numerous

children as well as adult using illegal drugs such as shabu, marijuana and ecstasy and the solvent

or inhalants like the rugby, paint thinner etc. According to the Dangerous Drug Board (DDB) an

excessive percentage of such serious crimes, such as rapes, homicides and murders are directly

connected to person who is under the influence of dangerous drugs. One may not be a pusher nor

an addict but he is not free from the danger and threats of illegal drug problem as addicts might

at any point in time rob, burglarize and even kill him or at worst rape every girl residing in a

particular area in their search for money for them to sustain their drug habits or dependence

according to Caesar (2004)

Empowerment, fortify law enforcement system, collaborative and concerted government

and non-government institutions according to Fabito (2014), let us change as one respecting this

tremendously noble effort. The unguis of drug addiction never gets contented, they free or

pardon no one, and continue to infiltrate deeper in our society, teamwork, partnership,

coordination and collaboration among the government, private sector, and the civil society is a

dominant prerequisite concerning this aspiration. We should take responsibilities with a

sustained willpower to completely annihilate the illegal drug problem that wormed its way down

even to our less fortunate countrymen.

Samson (2013) recommended that drug problems are addressed with more worldliness.

Its psychological impact on Philippine Society has generated a chain of unfavorable condition,

which called for a more committed support. Nonetheless, he noted that the problems acquired

minor precedence than other current problems, despite public awareness about its long-term

effect on the children and the youth and eventually on society. While Samson's study is limited
to psychogical dimension of the illegal drug problems, this study sought to identify the scope and

size of the illegal drug problems.

JC (2008) states that it is hard to address the problem of drug consumption. While many

educated users consumed small amount of drugs and alcohol etc., despite of the known

consequences, the poverty stricken users consumed more drugs and alcohol in seeking temporary

happiness in life that they have experience less and wanted to escape for a short period of time

from anguished condition that they face every day of living. His study is different from the

present study in the sense that JC studies the factors affecting the drug consumptions of the rich

and the poor uses, while the present study determines only extent of the drug problems in the

study of drug dependency problems.

Pucan (2005) founds that the use of illegal drugs was widespread among the male victims

and that unemployment was related to the problem. His discoveries show that drug users come

from different social status based on him many drug users are those less fortunate one. Pucan

addressed that the drug problem is a multi-faced issue since there are a number of causes, which

apply influence to the problem. He commended that both the government and the private sectors

join forces in fighting the drug menace by addressing the individual issues, which contribute to

the problem. His work is in a way alike to the present study as he focused on the multiple factors

contributing to the existence of the drug problem. As quoted by Pucan (2005) study entitled

"addressing drug problem " the Philippine National Police has sufficient anti-illegal drug

programs of action. The organization has an unmistakably unyielding dedication to lessen or

subside the drug problem.

SYNTHESIS OF THE REVIEWED LITERATURE

The study and research on Philippine National Police anti-illegal drug campaign is a

highly dependable sources of experiential date in examining the perception of MLQU students in

the implementation of Illegal Drug Campaign of the National Government. The conduct of the

study is very timely and mandatory since trend to anti-illegal drug campaign has transformed

into an immensely composite operation.

Literatures reviewed in the research divulged the problem of drug addiction appear to be

hard to avert or stop. The drug menace has infiltrated almost all spectrum of the society in spite

of the prevention and suppression efforts being employed by law enforcement and other

government this has precipitated in the upsurge of drug-related crimes, many of which are

wicked or heinous all of the utmost concerns of the study was considered by the present study.

Many policy efforts have been executed to fight drug problems. That the study of Isidro,

Gilbert and Antonio having data essential to this study since they were able to explain that the

law enforcement personnel have been highly active in the termination of illegal drug supply

which is concerning to the study at hand when it comes to anti-illegal drugs.

Aldrin determined the characteristics of those who are susceptible to perpetrate criminal

acts. They cover psychological and biological abnormalities and other malady, which forces a

people to take illegal drugs, Butsik on the other hand, seeks to present the pressure of

“PAKIKISAMA” in including a person to take drug while Butch survey discloses the distorted

social bond which escalates one’s drive to capitulate to the tempt of drugs.
 Meantime, the Dangerous Drug Board railed the prevents to do something about the

problem instead of just sitting down to watch unrolling or unfolding of a problem, which may

ultimately destroy its victims, particularly the youth.

The prevention master plan, which the private sectors are expected to take out and control

strategies or action plan, the police units are duty bound to execute, are effective measures

conducted for the improvement of efforts to succeed in the war against drugs, any hope to

establish drug free community may be difficult aspirations.

Nevertheless, it can be noted that no study has been initiated on the perception of MLQU

students in the Implementation of Illegal Drug Campaign of the Government. This is the

recognized gap of the studies which will be considered as the benefaction of this endeavor.

Chapter 3

METHODOLOGY

This part contains discussions or discourses about the method used, sources of data,

instrumentation, date collection and tools for data analysis.

RESEARCH DESIGN

The research design used in the study is the Quantitative descriptive survey Research.

According to Burns and Grove Quantitative research were gathered data in numerical form and

they say that it can be categorized and measured in units of measurement. They stated that this
type of data can be used to construct graphs and tables of raw data and according to them

quantitative research is a formal, objective, systematic process in which numerical data are used

to acquire more information regarding the world. In addition to their statement, this research

method for them is used: to describe variables; to examine relationships among variables; to

determine cause-and-effect interactions between variables. (Burns & Grove, 2005)

As Leedy said quantitative research methods are research methods dealing with numbers

and anything that is measurable in a systematic way of investigation of phenomena and their

relationships. He added that it is used to answer questions on relationships within measurable

variables with an intention to explain, predict and control phenomena (Leedy 1993).

Quantitative research is useful and beneficial because it helps the researchers to prevent

the bias in the gathering and presenting the data of research. The purpose of the quantitative

approach is to avoid subjectivity by means of gathering and exploring information which

describes the experience being studied. (Fryer 1991)

Quantitative method is suited and appropriate with the study it is because it permits or

allows the research problem to be conducted in a very specific and set terms (Cooper &

Schindler, 1998). In addition, quantitative research plainly and distinctively identifies clearly and

definitely both the independent and the dependent variables under investigation.

Furthermore, it also follows resolutely the original set of research goals, arriving at more

objective conclusions, testing hypothesis, determining the issues of causality and eliminates or

minimizes subjectivity of judgment (Kealey &Protheroe, 1996). Besides, this method allows for

longitudinal subsequent performance of research subjects (Matveev, 2002).

 This design will enable the researchers to test the hypotheses and assess the perception of

the student of the Manuel L. Quezon University (MLQU) regarding to the Campaign against

Illegal Drugs of the current administration.

SOURCES OF DATA

The respondent of this study will be the 3 rd and 4th year college students of Manuel L.

Quezon University including Engineering, Architecture and Criminology, with 655 members,

male and female, of which 248 were randomly chosen to take part in the survey. This research

study used Slovin’s formula n = N / (1+Ne2) to calculate the sample size of the respondents.

They answered the questionnaire that the researchers gave them which supplies the information

that the researchers need.

INSTRUMENTATION AND DATA COLLECTION

For this study, the survey questionnaire instrument was used to achieve the main

objective of the study. The questionnaire given to the 3rd and 4th year college students of Manuel

L. Quezon University involving Engineering, Architecture and Criminology will provide an

information that the researchers need to addressed about their perception on the Campaign

Against Illegal Drugs of the National Government. The questionnaire was structured in such a

way that respondents will be able to answer it easily. Thus, the set of questionnaire was

structured using the Likert format with a 5-point response scale. A Likert Scale is a rating scale

that requires the subject to indicate his or her degree of agreement or disagreement to a

statement. In this type of questionnaire, the respondents were given 5 response choices. These

options served as the quantification of the participants' agreement or disagreement on each

question item. (Geraldine 2017). Below are the designated quantifications used in the

questionnaire:

Table 1
Scale Verbal Interpretation Check
5 STRONGLY AGREE

4 AGREE

3 NEUTRAL

2 DISAGREE

1 STRONGLY DISAGREE

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

Survey Questionnaire was used as the main instrument of the research study to identify

the perception of the MLQU students on the War on Drugs implemented by the current

administration.

The survey questionnaires were composed by the researchers themselves after doing a

thorough surfing from the internet and asking opinions of their professor.

The prepared survey questionnaires were showed to the adviser for the remark and

suggestions. After that, revision of the survey questionnaires was done. The questionnaire has 5

questions, the first question contained the profile of the respondents in terms of age, sex, course

and year level. Second is, how do respondents assess the Government’s War on Drugs with

inserted statement, “The Manuel L. Quezon university students considered the government’s war

on drugs as effective when it comes to the reduction of drug traffickers, users and pushers.”
Third one is, what are the expression of the respondents on the Government’s War on Drugs,

with inserted statement, “the Manuel L. Quezon university students are concerned/worried to

their lives because of the harsh Government’s War On Drugs.” Fourth is, how respondents

accept the Government’s War on Drugs with inserted statement, “The Manuel L. Quezon

University students shows overwhelming support in the government’s campaign against illegal

drugs.” and the last and 5th one is, in what ways do the respondents show their support and

involvement to the campaign against illegal drugs of the current administration with the inserted

statement, “The Manuel L. Quezon University students are helping and participating in the

campaign programs that being implemented within their locality, and encouraging drug addict

and even pushers to surrender to the authorities of their community.”

For every respondent encountered within the school, the researchers asked them politely

whether if it is okay for them to be surveyed. After the respondents answered it, the

questionnaire was sent back to the researchers, total responses for each item were analyzed,

interpreted and tabulated. In order to use the Likert-Scales for interpretation, weighted mean was

used to represent each question was computed. Weighted mean is the average wherein every

quantity to be averages has a corresponding weight. These weights represent the significance of

each quantity to the average. To compute for the weighted mean, each value must be multiplied

by its weight. Products should then be added to obtain the total value. The total weight should

also be computed by adding all the weights. The total value is then divided by the total weight.

(Ruben, 2002)

The data for this research were collected using a survey questionnaire with mentioned

statements inserted that will help every respondent to give their answer easily. Respondent were
asked to rate the given statements from 5-1, 5 being the highest, meaning strongly agree, and 1 as

the lowest, meaning strongly disagree. The respondents were asked to check the corresponding

numbers based on what they have perceived regarding the campaign against illegal drugs of the

current administration. The survey was comprised of 5 research questions, used as an instrument

to identify the student’s perception vis-à-vis Illegal Drug Campaign of the National Government.

All appropriately fulfilled questionnaires were retrieved, prepared, organized and compiled for

analysis of data.

TOOLS FOR DATA ANALYSIS

The first part of the survey questionnaire contains the demographic profile of the

respondents. Before the questionnaires will be answered the profile of the respondents were

taken. Frequency percentage count, weighted mean and composite weighted mean were utilized

in the analysis and evaluation of the data on the profile of the respondents according to the age,

sex, course and year. This will show the Perception of the Manuel L. Quezon University students

on the campaign against illegal drugs of the current administration.

The formulae that were used in this study are the ff:

1. Percentage – This was used as a descriptive manner to show the relationship between

two magnitudes. This is the formula for this;

f
P= X 100
N

Where:

P = percentage (%)
 f = frequency

N = total number of respondents

100 = Constant value

2. Weighted Mean – This is a statistical tool that refers to the overall average responses or

perceptions of the respondents. The formula for this is;

WM = ∑ fx /N

Where:

WM = Weighted Mean

f= frequency

X=scale

∑ fx = Sum of the product of the frequency and the unit.

N = Total number of respondents

Interpretation was based on the Likert‘s Scale Method

Table 2
Mean Value Scale Verbal Interpretation
4.50 - 5.00 5 STRONGLY AGREE
3.50 – 4.49 4 AGREE
2.50 – 3.49 3 NEUTRAL
1.50 – 2.49 2 DISAGREE
1.0 – 1.49 1 STRONGLY
 DISAGREE

3. Composite Weighted Mean – This is the average of the weighted means. The formula

for composite weighted Mean is:

CWM = ∑WM
N

Where: CWM = Composite Weighted Mean

∑= Summation sign

WM = Weighted Mean

N = Total number of category in each factor

CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPREATION OF DATA

This part of the research presents the data gathered through the use of the survey

questionnaire. In this chapter, the researchers present their data presentation, data analysis and

data interpretation.

1. Demographic Profile of the Respondents

 The following table shows the profiles of the respondents in terms of age, sex, course and

year level.

Age Frequency Percentage

18-23 207 83%

24-30 41 17%

Total 248 100%

Table 3 Respondent’s Profile in terms of Age

Table 3 presents the frequency and percentage distribution of the respondents as to their

age among 248 respondents, 83% are ranges from 18-23 years old, 17% are ranges from 24-30

years old. These are all students of School of Criminology, Engineering and Architecture of the

Manuel L. Quezon University.

Based on the table above, majority of the respondents are ranging from 18-23 years’ old

while the 24-30 years old bracket has the least number of respondents. The data indicated that

most of the sample population is composed of younger respondents.

Table 4 Respondent’s Profile in terms of Sex

Sex Frequency Percentage

Male 174 70%
Female 74 30%
Total 248 100%
 Table 4 presents the profile of respondents in terms of sex. As disclosed by the Table,

174 or 70% out of 248 respondents are male and 74 or 30% of the respondents are female. This

implies that majority of the respondents are male.

Table 5 Respondent’s Profile in terms of Course

Course Frequency Percentage

Engineering 102 41%
Architecture 79 32%
Criminology 67 27%
Total 248 100%

Table 5 presents that 102 or 41% of the respondents are taking BS- Engineering which

has the biggest population among respondents who are taking BS -Architecture with 79

respondents or 32% and respondents who are also taking Criminology with 67 respondents or

27%.

Table 6 Respondent’s Profile in terms of Year-Level

Year-Level Frequency Percentage

3rd year 59 24%
4th year 141 57%
5th year 48 19%
Total 248 100%

As shown in Table 6 the fourth year students of MLQU predominated in number of

respondents who answered the survey questionnaires, with the total number of 141 or 57%.

Nearly half of 4th year students the second highest, it is the 3rd year students with the total

respondents of 24% comprising of 59 students who answered the survey questionnaire. And the

5th year students having the smallest population gathered which is 19% comprising of 48

students.
 The following table shows the perception of the MLQU students towards the Government’s

War on Drugs.

2. How do respondents assess the Government’s War on Drugs?

Category Weighted Overall Rank

Mean Response
Statement 1. The Manuel L. Quezon 4.22 Agree 4
university students considered the
government’s war on drugs as effective
when it comes to the reduction of drug
traffickers, users and pushers.

Table 7

Table 7 presents how do respondents assess the Government’s War on Drugs. With a mean

value of 4.22. This indicates that the respondents agreed to the War on Drugs of the

government as effective for the diminution of drug traffickers, users and pushers.

3. What are the expression of the respondents on the Government’s War on Drugs?

Table 8
Category Weighted Overall Rank
Mean Response
Statement 2. The Manuel L. Quezon 3.93 Agree 4
university students are concerned/worried to
their lives because of the harsh
Government’s War On Drugs.
 The table 8 presents the expression of the respondents on the Government’s War on
Drugs. The respondents agreed that MLQU students are concerned/worried to their lives
because of the harsh Government’s War on Drugs with a mean value of 3.93. There are
witnesses who asserted that Extrajudicial Killings are happening in time of current
administration.

4. How respondents accept the Government’s War on Drugs?

Category Weighted Overall Rank

Mean Response
Statement 3. The Manuel L. Quezon 4.20 Agree 4
University students shows overwhelming
support in the government’s campaign against
illegal drugs.

Table 9

Table 9 presents the acceptability of the respondents regarding Government’s War on Drugs.

The respondents agreed that MLQU students shows overwhelming support to the Government’s

War on Drugs with a mean value of 4.20. In the present survey of Social Weather Station (SWS)

shows overwhelming support for Duterte’s Drug War.

5. In what ways do the respondents show their support and involvement to the

campaign against illegal drugs of the current administration?

Category Weighted Overall Rank

 Mean
Response
Statement 4. The Manuel L. Quezon 3.75 Agree 4
University students are helping and
participating in the campaign programs that
being implemented within their locality, and
encouraging drug addict and even pushers to
surrender to the authorities of their community

Composite/Average Weighted Mean 4.02 AGREE

Table 10

Table 10 presents respondent’s means of showing support and involvement to the

government’s drug war. The respondents agreed that the MLQU students are cooperating in the

campaign against illegal drugs implemented within their community and the respondents also

agreed that MLQU students are encouraging drug addict and pushers to surrender to the law

enforcement authorities with a mean value of 3.75

Based on the overall results, it presents that majority of MLQU student’s Perception are

positive towards the Government’s War on Drugs with a mean value of 4.02 as considered

Agree.

CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary
 War on Drugs refers to the drug policy in the Philippines initiated by the Philippine

government under President Rodrigo Duterte aim to reduce the proliferation of illegal drugs in

the Philippines. The government drug policy faces many criticisms due to everyday killings

happening in the country, despite these condemnations War on drugs of the current

administration remained unshaken as President Duterte said “Drug War is a nonissue to me, it

will be a policy until the dying days of my presidency or my life.”

The research aims to identify the Perception of MLQU students towards Government’s

War on Drugs. The quantitative method of research (descriptive method) was used and the

researchers made used of structured questionnaire for data gathering. Respondents were college

students from Engineering, Architecture and Criminology students of Manuel L. Quezon

University currently enrolled this semester, school year 2017-2018. Using the Slovin’s formula

at 5% margin of error, 248 students were computed to be this research’s respondents.

Based on the data gathered, the following findings are drawn:

MLQU students considered the Government’s War on Drugs as effective when it comes

to the reduction of drug traffickers, users and pushers according to their age, sex, course and

year-level.

MLQU students are concerned/worried to their lives because of the harsh War on Drugs

of the Government.

MLQU students shows overwhelming support to the illegal drug campaign being

implemented by the current administration according to their age, sex, course and year-level.
 MLQU students support the anti- illegal drug campaign of the current administration and

participate in the programs being implemented within their locality and encouraging drug addict

and pushers to surrender to the law enforcement authorities.

Conclusion

The researchers come up with the following conclusions:

The demographic profile of the respondents

Majority of the respondents in this study are male with an age of 18-23-year-old. It is safe

to say that the assessment on the Perception of MLQU students regarding Government’s War on

Drugs are mostly dominated in the point of view of males but still, this will not overlook that

data gathered towards the Perception of female respondents in the research study. The largest

parts of the respondents are students of Bachelor of Science in Engineering.

Based on the data collected by the researchers, it can be concluded that the students of

Manuel L. Quezon University have a positive perception regarding the Anti- Illegal Drug

Campaign of the current administration. All the survey questionnaires received an overall

average of 4.02 which is verbally interpreted as Agree. This means that the students of Manuel

L. Quezon University believe that the current administration is doing good in combatting illegal

drugs in the Philippines.

Recommendation

The researchers recommend to the current administration to improve their drug policies

more through legal means so that condemnations gained by them may turn to commendation.
 The researchers recommend to increase the number of respondents for the survey and

including all courses offered of Manuel L. Quezon University for further improvement of

possibility of identifying the real perception of the students vis-à-vis War on Drugs of the current

administration. Convert the survey questionnaire into Tagalog version so that respondents will

fully understand and comprehend the statements provided.

Lastly, the researchers suggest to the future researchers to make this study as their guide

and reference in making a more comprehensive study.