Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
REPUBLIC COLLEGES OF GUINOBATAN, INC.
GRADUATE SCHOOL
REFLECTION PAPER
IN
EDUCATIONAL
MANAGEMENT
SUBMITTED BY:
CONNIE O. SAUNAR
MAEd Student
SUBMITTED TO:
DR. GRACIANO B. BAŇAGA JR.
Professor
The 21st-century demands innovative leaders with capacities to manage schools in holistic and
creative ways that stimulate classroom practices. Only effective classroom practices will create
environments that support the development of student's competencies needed for 21st-
century economies.
Educational management theories, principles, concepts, techniques, skills and strategies when
applied to education will bring about effective and efficient functioning of educational institutions.
Scientific and systematic management of educational institutions is necessary to bring about
qualitative changes in the educational system.
In the report of Mrs. Marilyn L. Alonzo, Human Resource Training, Staff Development and
Compensation, she stated some definition of training of which how to gain knowledge skills or
fitness that relate to specific useful competencies. The goal of improving oneself sharpening of
skills to enhance the performance of the employee. She also discussed the types of training, its
objectives, the importance of training, staff development, types of staff development which we
can organize orientation training and other programs. Employee development is a strategic tool
continuing growth, productivity and ability to retain valuable employees. She also cited the
differences between training and development and the importance of compensation and
benefits.
The report of Mrs. Myla Anonuevo is about Training and Development Needs and Analysis
which have an objectives of gaining understanding about training and development. Teacher
Training Program in an organization is a process by which teachers are taught with skills and
given the necessary knowledge or attitude to enable them to carry out their responsibilities to
the required standard in the present job and to undertake greater and more demanding roles for
effective job performance. It is important to improve the quality of education. Professional
development and training needs analysis. Determining different types of teacher trainings for
professional development . Appreciating the value of needs analysis in pursuit of professional
development among teachers.
Strategic Planning is the topic of Ms. Carillo. She discussed the Formal Strategic Planning
Process, The 3 levels of strategy: Corporate level strategy, Business unit strategy and
Functional-level strategy. There’s a lot of learnings in the topic of Ms. Carillo because she
explained well her topic.
Mrs. Ruby Nuda explain her topic well on Motivation, Appraising and Reward Performance.
Motivation is the process of attempting to influence others to do your will through the possibility
of gain reward. There are two techniques of motivation: Carrot and Stick Approach to Motivation
and Motivation and there are also other techniques which we can adapt. Rewarding
Performance is significant as it is to motivate and monitor performance. Reward strategies
determine the level and mix of financial and non-financial rewards required to attract, retain and
encourage individuals with the skills, abilities and competence necessary to make our school
successful because rewards and recognition affect employee attitudes and behaviour.
Sir Melchor Ubalde had discussed about the Conflict, Power and Organization Politics Individual
and Interpersonal Behaviour, Its implication to development. Conflict exist whenever people are
in disagreement and opposition. It is being viewed differently by various organizational theories.
Some say conflict is not needed in the organizational and should be removed with compliance
and control whereas some theory says conflict is the normal part of organization life.
Miscommunications happen due to three reasons: Lack of opportunity means, missed the
opportunity of communication which leads to the stereotype communication which stereotype
communication is not capable of delivering expression and the meaning of the communication
cannot be delivered properly which leads to perceptions and assumption which can be wrong
then conflict may happen. It is very important for us to have that knowledge and skills on how to
manage conflict in our school as a leader. It such a crucial role but we need that as
professionals to avoid situation wherein our focus in the school is for the learners to learn. We
can able to work on professionally if our teachers are in good mood and we have to be
unbiassed. We should learn to both sides before we can make decisions.
Mr. Alvin Obniala’s topic is about Non-Human Resources. These are time, money, properties,
goods, services and community facilities. Also known as material resources. These are easily
identified and are essential for achievement of most goals. Material resources include
everything possessed by the institution. We should learn also how to mange physical plant the
school resources its maintenance. It is a big help for us to assign teachers as coordinator as
property costudian but we need also to guide them how to do their task properly. Assist them
how to make inventories, keeping school properties safe when there is typhoon and other
calamities.
Mrs. Evangeline Napay discussed the topic Development of Management Theories. Theories
and principles of management make it easier to us to decide what we do to function more
effectively as managers. Without theories all we have are intuitions, hunches and hope which
are of limited use in today’s increasingly complex organizations. Because there is no single,
university, accepted management theories, we must be familiar of the major theories that exist
from the three (3) well established schools of management thought namely : the classical
school, behavioral school and Management science school and the two recent approaches to
management that attempt to integrate the systems approach and contingency approach.
Planning and Decision Making is also significant in Educational Management. An important
aspect of planning is decision making, the process of developing and selecting a course of
action to solve a specific problem. Decisions must be made at many points in the planning
process. Managers much decide which predictions in such areas as the economy and the
actions of competitors are likely to be most accurate. They must analyse organizational
resources and decide how to allocate them to achieve their goals most effectively. We should
involve our everybody in the organization in planning because we should have also need
suggestions and maybe they have any other ideas that much better that ours.
There are also Controlling, Communicating, Directing and Leading topic in this subject. This is
the managerial functions of planning, organizing, staffing and directing. It is the process of
comparing the actual performance with the set standards of the company to ensure that
activities are performed according to the plans and if not then taking corrective action. Every
manager needs to monitor and evaluate the activities of his/her subordinates. It helps in
measuring the progress towards the organizational goals and brings any deviations and
indicates corrective action to avoid contingency or company’s loss.
Organizing is the process of bringing together physical, financial and human resources and
developing productive relationship amongst them for achievement of organizational goals.
According to Henry Fayol, “To organize a business is to provide it with everything useful or its
functioning i.e. raw material, tools, capital and personnel’s”. To organize a business involves
determining & providing human and non-human resources to the organizational structure.
Organizing as a process involves: Identification of activities, Classification of grouping of
activities, Assignment of duties, Delegation of authority and creation of responsibility and
Coordinating authority and responsibility relationships.
Staffing is the function of manning the organization structure and keeping it manned. Staffing
has assumed greater importance in the recent years due to advancement of technology,
increase in size of business, complexity of human behavior etc. The main purpose o staffing is
to put right man on right job i.e. square pegs in square holes and round pegs in round holes.
According to Kootz & O’Donell, “Managerial function of staffing involves manning the
organization structure through proper and effective selection, appraisal & development of
personnel to fill the roles designed un the structure”. Staffing involves: Manpower
Planning (estimating man power in terms of searching, choose the person and giving the right
place). Recruitment, Selection & Placement. Training & Development, Remuneration,
Performance Appraisal and Promotions & Transfer.
All in all Management is very important. We should have the knowledge and skills on how to
manage school well. It has a big impact in a particular school as manager if we really know how
to manage school properly and professionally.
Preapared by:
CONNIE O. SAUNAR
MAEd, Student
Submitted to:
DR. GRACIANO B. BAŇAGA JR.
Professor
