COMPUTER SCIENCE
code 30424 a.y. 2018-19
Practice session 6
Introduction to Turtle module
SEDIN
IT Education Services Center
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Objectives of the practice session
• Apply what we learned during the past lessons regarding functions, decision
making structures and iterative structures
• Draw and move in the space using Turtle Module
• Manage graphic elements
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Import and run Turtle Module
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Attributes of the turtle
A turtle object has three attributes:
• Location: specifies its position in the work space
• Heading: specifies the direction in which it is aiming
• Pen: specifies if the object must write on the work space when it moves, and
has also some attributes such as size, color etc.
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Move the turtle object
Method Description
The turtle object moves forward by a given
.forward(distance)
number of pixels (distance)
The turtle object moves backward a given
.backward(distance)
number of pixels (distance)
The turtle object rotates counterclockwise by a
.left(degrees)
given angle in degrees
The turtle object rotates clockwise by a given
.right(degrees)
angle in degrees
.goto(x,y) The turtle object goes to the position (x,y)
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Move the turtle object - 2
ninja.forward(100)
ninja.left(90)
ninja.forward(100)
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Exercise 1
Draw a square (side = 100 pixel)
How we can improve the code using our
current competences?
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Exercise 2
Write a function named square that draws a square.
Two arguments must be passed to the function:
• the name of the turtle object
• the side of the square
Then modify the code so that the length of the side of the square is asked to
the user each time the function is called
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Exercise 3
Write a function named spiral that draws a squared spiral:
• two arguments must be passed to the function: the turtle object name and the
initial length of the spiral side
• set to 5 pixels the side length increment at each change of direction
• set a maximum side length of 300 pixels
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Manage graphic elements
Method Description
.up() The turtle object does not writes when it moves
.down() The turtle object writes when it moves (default)
.pencolor(color) Sets the color * of the pen
.width(size) Sets the width of the pen
.fillcolor(color) Sets the color that the turtle object uses to fill the shapes it draws
.begin_fill() The turtle object begins to fill with color the shapes it draws
.end_fill() The turtle object stops to fill with color the shapes it draws
.bgcolor(color) Sets the background color
.pencolor(color) Sets the pen color
* Colors set with RGB code or with standard names ("red", "orange", "yellow",
"green", "blue", "purple", "black“ ecc.)
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Exercise 4
Write a function named rectangle that draws a rectangle with a yellow fill.
The following arguments must be passed to the function:
• the name of the turtle object
• the length of the two sides of the rectangle
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Exercise 5
Write a function named squares that draws two colored squares of the same
size, at a distance from each other:
• the turtle object name and the square side length must be passed to the
function as arguments
• ask the user for the fill color of each square
• set a fixed distance between two squares
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Exercise 6
Write a function named spiderweb that draws a spider web consisting of 15
hexagonal threads:
• the name of the turtle object must be passed as arguments to the function
• the side of the outermost hexagon is 150 pixels and each hexagon must be
spaced 10 pixels from the other hexagons
• the function must also draw the threads that join the
center of the web and the six vertices of each hexagon
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Files of the lesson
In the zip file 30424 ENG - 25 - Practice 6.zip you will find these files:
• Slide 30424 Practice 6.pdf: these slides
• .py files: solved files of the exercises
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Book references
Learning Python:
Chapters 11.2.3
Assignment:
Exercises of lesson 12
