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5.6 TYPES OF THERMAL ANALYSIS
ANSYS supports two types of thermal analysis for analyzing the component with
the influence of temperature:
5.6.1 Steady-state thermal analysis
A steady-state thermal analysis determines the temperature distribution and other
thermal quantities under steady-state loading conditions. A steady-state loading
condition is a situation where heat storage effects varying over a period of time can be
ignored.
The ANSYS Multiphysics, ANSYS Mechanical, ANSYS FLOTRAN, and
ANSYS Professional products support steady-state thermal analysis. A steady-state
thermal analysis calculates the effects of steady thermal loads on a system or component.
Engineer/analysts often perform a steady-state analysis before doing a transient thermal
analysis, to help establish initial conditions.
A steady-state analysis also can be the last step of a transient thermal analysis,
performed after all transient effects have diminished.Steady-state thermal analysis is used
to determine temperatures, thermal gradients, heat flow rates, and heat fluxes in an object
that are caused by thermal loads that do not vary over time. Such loads include the
following:
➢ Convections
➢ Radiation
➢ Heat flow rates
➢ Heat fluxes (heat flow per unit area)
➢ Heat generation rates (heat flow per unit volume)
➢ Constant temperature boundaries
A steady-state thermal analysis may be either linear, with constant material
properties; or nonlinear, with material properties that depend on temperature. The
thermal properties of most material do vary with temperature, so the analysis usually is
nonlinear. Including radiation effects also makes the analysis nonlinear.
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5.6.2 Transient thermal analysis
A transient thermal analysis determines the temperature distribution and other
thermal quantities under conditions that vary over a period of time.
The ANSYS Multi physics, ANSYS Mechanical, ANSYS Professional, and
ANSYS FLOTRAN products support transient thermal analysis. Transient thermal
analysis determines temperatures and other thermal quantities that vary over time.
Engineers commonly use temperatures that a transient thermal analysis calculates as
input to structural analyses for thermal stress evaluations.Many heat transfer applications
- heat treatment problems, nozzles, engine blocks, piping systems, pressure vessels, etc.
- involve transient thermal analyses.A transient thermal analysis follows basically the
same procedures as a steady-state thermal analysis. The main difference is that most
applied loads in a transient analysis are functions of time. To specify time-dependent
loads, you can either use the Function Tool to define an equation or function describing
the curve or then apply the function as a boundary condition, or you can divide the load-
versus-time curve into load steps.
For each load step, you need to specify both load values and time values, along
with other load step options such as stepped or ramped loadsautomatic time stepping, etc.
You then write each load step to a file and solve all load steps together
5.6.3 Coupled-field analysis
Some types of coupled-field analyses, such as thermal-structural and magnetic-
thermal analyses, can represent thermal effects coupled with other phenomena. A
coupled-field analysis can use matrix-coupled ANSYS elements, or sequential load-
vector coupling between separate simulations of each phenomenon. For more
information on coupled-field analysis, a coupled-field analysis is a combination of
analyses from different engineering disciplines (physics fields) that interact to solve a
global engineering problem; hence, we often refer to a coupled-field analysis as a multi
physics analysis. When the input of one field analysis depends on the results from another
analysis, the analyses are coupled. Some analyses can have one-way coupling. For
example, in a thermal stress problem, the temperature field introduces thermal strains in
the structural field, but the structural strains generally do not affect the temperature
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distribution. Thus, there is no need to iterate between the two field solutions. More
complicated cases involve two-way coupling. A piezoelectric analysis, for example,
handles the interaction between the structural and electric fields: it solves for the voltage
distribution due to applied displacements, or vice versa. In a fluid-structure interaction
problem, the fluid pressure causes the structure to deform, which in turn causes the fluid
solution to change. This problem requires iterations between the two physics fields for
convergence. The coupling between the fields can be accomplished by either direct
coupling (matrix coupling) or sequential coupling (load vector coupling) .Load transfer
can take place across surfaces or volumes. Coupling across fields can be complicated
because different fields may be solving for different types of analyses during a
simulation. For example, in an induction heating problem, a harmonic electromagnetic
analysis calculates Joule heating, which is used in a transient thermal analysis to predict
a time-dependent temperature solution. The induction heating problem is complicated
further by the fact that the material properties in both physics simulations depend highly
on temperature.
Some of the applications in which coupled-field analysis may be required are
pressure vessels (thermal-stress analysis), fluid flow constrictions (fluid-structure
analysis), induction heating (magnetic-thermal analysis), ultrasonic transducers
(piezoelectric analysis), magnetic forming (magneto-structural analysis), and micro-
electromechanical systems (MEMS).
In this project thermal and structural coupling is done to find out the thermal stress value.
Typical applications can solve with ANSYS by using coupled field analysis:
Thermal stress
Induction heating
Induction stirring
Steady-state fluid-structure interaction
Magneto-structural interaction
Electrostatic-structural interaction
Current conduction-magneto statics
5.6 COATED PISTON:
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FIG 5.1 COATED PISTON
5.7 UNCOATED PISTON
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FIG 5.2 UNCOATED PISTON
5.8 COMPARISON BETWEEN COATED AND UNCOATED PISTON
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X- COMPONENT
TEMERATURE (KELVIN)
COATED PISTON
X- COMPONENT
TEMERATURE (KELVIN)
UNCOATED PISTON
5.3 COMPARISON BETWEEN COATED AND UNCOATED PISTON
CHAPTER 6
