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Transposing Matrices

1. The document discusses matrices including transposing matrices, finding the determinant of a matrix, and inverting matrices. Transposing a matrix replaces rows with columns. The determinant of a matrix is found by multiplying elements in a row or column by corresponding cofactors and summing. To invert a square matrix, you find the cofactor matrix, transpose it, and divide each element by the determinant. 2. Several examples are provided to demonstrate transposing matrices, finding determinants, and inverting 2x2 matrices. An exercise at the end provides additional practice problems involving these matrix operations.

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Agung Jatiariska
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96 views3 pages

Transposing Matrices

1. The document discusses matrices including transposing matrices, finding the determinant of a matrix, and inverting matrices. Transposing a matrix replaces rows with columns. The determinant of a matrix is found by multiplying elements in a row or column by corresponding cofactors and summing. To invert a square matrix, you find the cofactor matrix, transpose it, and divide each element by the determinant. 2. Several examples are provided to demonstrate transposing matrices, finding determinants, and inverting 2x2 matrices. An exercise at the end provides additional practice problems involving these matrix operations.

Uploaded by

Agung Jatiariska
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Mathematics/

Ms. Riska

Matrices

1. Transposing Matrices

[ a11 a12 a13 ¿ ] ¿


¿¿
A= ¿ 2 x 3 matrix
Then

a 11 a21

T
A =
[ ]
a ¿ 12 a 22
a ¿ 13 a 23
3 x 2 matrix

The transpose of a matrix replaces rows by columns.

0 4

A=
[ 0 10 5 ¿] ¿ ¿¿
¿ then A = T
[ ]
10 0
5 6

2. Determinant of a Matrix

a11 a12 a b
If A =
[ a21 a22
=
c d ][ ]
Now we can find the determinant.

Multiply elements in any one row or any one column by corresponding co-factors, and sum…..

|A| = ad – bc

3. MATRIX INVERSION
Square matrix: numbers of rows = numbers of columns
Identity Matrix I: AI = A and IA = A

1 0
I=
[ ]
0 1 (for 2 X 2 matrix)
Inverse Matrix A-1: A.A-1= I  A-1.A= I
Mathematics/
Ms. Riska

TO INVERT 2 X 2 MATRIX

a b
If A =
[ ]
c d
d −c
1) Get Cofactor Matrix:
[ −b a ]
d −b
2) Transpose Cofactor Matrix:
[ −c a ] . (It also called by matrix adjacent)

1 1 d −b
3) multiply matrix by
|A| so
ad−bc −c a [ ]
(i.e. divide each element by ad– bc)

If |A| = 0 then there is no inverse (matrix is singular)

Example :
1. Find the inverse of matrix A

1 2
A=
[ ]
3 4
|A| = ad–bc = (1.4) – (2.3) = –2 (non-singular)

−2 1

A –1 =
−
1 4 −2
[
2 −3 1 ] [ =
3
2
1
−2 ]
1 0
Check : A.A-1 = I =
[0 1 ]
2. Find the inverse of matrix B !

2 4
B=
[ ]
5 10
|B| = ad – bc = (2.10) – (4.5) = 0
Therefore, matrix is singular and inverse does not exist.
Mathematics/
Ms. Riska

Exercise:
 1 0 
C   3 4 
A= 2 3
1. Given matrices 4 −1 [ ] , B=[ 2 3 ] and
 6 5 
,
a. Find AT , BT ,∧CT
b. Find A−1

 4 2 
 
2. Find the inverse of  11 6  .

3. Which of the following matrices is singular?


1 3   5 0  5 5  1 2
0 1  0 4 3 3  1 2 
a.   b.   c.   d.  

4. Find the inverse each of the following if its possible.


2 3 −2 4 8 −4
i) A=
( )
3 4 iii) C =
( )
1 −3 v) E =
(
−2 1 )
ii) B=
(42 21 ) iv) D =
(74 63 )

5. If A =
(25 46 ) and B =
(42 51 ) then find:
−1
a). ( AB )
−1 −1
b). B A
−1
Are ( AB )
−1 −1
and B A same?

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