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Biodiversity & Indigenous Knowledge

Biodiversity conservation refers to protecting, managing, and sustainably using biodiversity resources for present and future generations. It aims to maintain biodiversity at threshold levels and provide sustainable benefits. Biodiversity is declining due to habitat loss, overexploitation, climate change, pollution, and poaching. Conservation methods include in-situ conservation of species within natural habitats through protected areas, and ex-situ conservation in zoos and botanical gardens. Indigenous knowledge systems are bodies of knowledge developed by societies with long histories of environmental interaction, prior to modern science. This knowledge informs decisions about daily life. It is culturally specific and provides a foundation for sustainable local development. Examples that have survived include Ayur

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132 views3 pages

Biodiversity & Indigenous Knowledge

Biodiversity conservation refers to protecting, managing, and sustainably using biodiversity resources for present and future generations. It aims to maintain biodiversity at threshold levels and provide sustainable benefits. Biodiversity is declining due to habitat loss, overexploitation, climate change, pollution, and poaching. Conservation methods include in-situ conservation of species within natural habitats through protected areas, and ex-situ conservation in zoos and botanical gardens. Indigenous knowledge systems are bodies of knowledge developed by societies with long histories of environmental interaction, prior to modern science. This knowledge informs decisions about daily life. It is culturally specific and provides a foundation for sustainable local development. Examples that have survived include Ayur

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Q8: WRITE SHORT NOTES ON:

1) BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

2) INDEGENIOUS KNOWLEDGE SYSTEM.

ANSWER: BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biodiversity conservation refers to the protection, upliftment, and management of


biodiversity in order to derive sustainable benefits for present and future
generations. Biodiversity conservation is the protection and management of
biodiversity to obtain resources for sustainable development. Over the years, the
depletion of biodiversity has been quite active. This is happening as a result of
habitat loss, excessive exploitation of resources, climatic changes, diseases,
pollution, poaching of animals etc. It must be understood that human beings
cherish almost all benefits from the biodiversity. Hence, they should focus on
taking proper care associated with the preservation of biodiversity in different
forms. Biodiversity conservation is basically aimed at protection, enhancement and
scientific management of the biodiversity. To be precise, manage it at its threshold
level and acquire sustainable benefits both for the present and future population.

Biodiversity conservation has three main objectives:

 To preserve the diversity of species.

 Sustainable utilization of species and ecosystem.

 To maintain life-supporting systems and essential ecological processes.


Biodiversity can be conserved in the following ways:

 In-situ conservation: This method helps in the conservation of biodiversity


within the natural habitat of the animals and plants by creating protected
areas such as national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
 Ex-situ conservation: This method refers to the conservation of biodiversity
in the areas outside their natural habitat such as zoos and botanical gardens.

2. INDEGENIOUS KNOWLEDGE SYSTEM

Indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) comprise knowledge systems that


have developed within various societies’ independent of, and prior to, the
advent of the modern scientific knowledge system. IKS from various
cultures evolved into broad and comprehensive knowledge systems, such as
those from ancient India, China and Africa, that addressed societal and
traditional knowledge issues in various fields important to human survival
and the quality of life, including agriculture, health and water, amongst
others.

Indigenous knowledge refers to the understandings, skills and philosophies


developed by societies with long histories of interaction with their natural
surroundings. For rural and indigenous peoples, local knowledge informs
decision-making about fundamental aspects of day-to-day life.

This knowledge is integral to a cultural complex that also encompasses


language, systems of classification, resource use practices, social
interactions, ritual and spirituality .These unique ways of knowing are
important facets of the world’s cultural diversity, and provide a foundation
for locally-appropriate sustainable development. The main characterizing
feature of an IKS is that it is locally based, grounded in a particular culture
and geography.

Nevertheless, there are examples of indigenous knowledge systems that have


survived viz; Ayurveda, Unani and even acupuncture. The major problem
with indigenous knowledge and indigenous knowledge systems reside in the
difficulty encountered in establishing what constitutes ‘indigenous’ in
particular social, geographical and cultural contexts.

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